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Percepção de predadores por Ololygon alcatraz (B. Lutz, 1973) (Anura, Hylidae) e implicações para sua conservação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-23) Klomann-dos-Santos, Stephanie; Brasileiro, Cinthia Aguirre; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2415614509705858; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8523-8621; São Pedro, Vinicius Avelar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7404103190291423; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7017-2519; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0485663123991470; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3462-173X
The biodiversity crisis is a global concern that has been motivating various conservation initiatives across different sectors of society. With increasingly severe implications for ecosystems, the importance of ex situ conservation, combined with in situ conservation efforts, is evident and has been yielding more positive results. There are still limitations in ex situ conservation, especially related to behavioral deficiencies observed in captive individuals. Naivety towards predators and other threats in the natural environment, as well as inefficient foraging abilities and difficulties in communicating with native conspecifics, are some of the crucial aspects that can directly impact the success of reintroduction. The ability to distinguish between predators and non-predators among heterospecifics is a basic component in threat assessment, with most predator recognition skills being chemically or visually oriented, often in combination. In the case of anurans, there is extensive literature on defensive behavior and predator perception, as well as ontogenetic variations between tadpoles and post-metamorphic individuals. Despite being the most threatened group of vertebrates and having a global effort to promote various ongoing conservation actions, ex situ conservation of anuran amphibians remains limited. Ololygon alcatraz is the first Brazilian target species for this type of program, a bromeliad-dwelling species endemic to Alcatrazes Island and critically endangered, part of the São Paulo Zoo's ex situ Conservation Program. The aim of this study was to assess the predator perception by Ololygon alcatraz and the interference that captive breeding may have on its behavior, intending to support possible reintroduction actions in the wild and deepen the ethological knowledge of the species for the conservation of the free-living population. Forty individuals were evaluated, fifteen from the wild and twenty-five under human care, exposed to chemical-visual stimuli of potential natural predators of the species. Our results indicate that, overall, under human care individuals showed a faster escape response to stimuli, while wild individuals more frequently chose not to move when exposed to stimuli. The most observed defensive strategy was immobility, followed by escape. There were no significant differences in responses to different predators. The behavioral variation between groups can be attributed to various factors, including adaptation to ex situ conditions, previous exposure to similar stimuli, and variations in environmental conditions.
Desempenho de bezerros em período e aleitamento: estudo de caso da Fazenda Escola Lagoa do Sino
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-23) Oliveira, Karol Montagnini de; Stipp, Danilo Tancler; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2930975168886154; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9577-2446
This study investigated the performance of Senangus calves, the result of the crossing between matrices ½ Nelore, ½ Angus and Senepol bulls, in Buri, São Paulo. The primary objective was to evaluate the Average Daily Gain (ADG) and weaning weight, considering the genetic influence and management practices in grazing systems. The method adopted involved 16 calves of the F2 generation, subjected to weighing at birth and on november 10th of 2023. The statistical analysis showed an average ADG of 1.37 kg for males and 1.16 kg for females, with statistically significant differences. The remarkable variability in male data suggests different environmental or genetic influences. Compared to previous studies, the observed ADGs are aligned with the literature, indicating substantial development. Weaning at 210 days revealed significant advantages, highlighting the relevance of Nelore's genetic contribution to ponderal growth. Despite the limitations inherent in the study, such as the absence of regular intervals between weighings and the exclusion of some animals due to practical challenges, the valuable results provide contributions to local livestock production. The research suggests new perspectives for improvements in genetic selection and management strategies, emphasizing the importance of broader and more detailed studies in the field of performance of Senangus calves. It is concluded, therefore, that this study not only offers practical insights for the Fazenda Escola Lagoa do Sino , but also drives the need for future more comprehensive investigations to consolidate and expand the results presented, aiming at continuous improvement in livestock production.
Proposta de melhoria no processo de geração de relatórios através do Lean Office para o setor de operações de um banco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-23) Cremonezi, Flavio Luiz; Martins, Manoel Fernando; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3921504261628850; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4849003427390937
The services sector plays a crucial role in the global economy, being fundamental in several regions of the world. One of its distinctive features is the direct contact with the end customer, which directly impacts the quality of the service and, therefore, customer satisfaction. The banking industry is marked by intense interaction between customers and service providers. Customer satisfaction in this sector is achieved through constant improvement in the quality of services offered. The main challenges faced by banks include agility, quality and efficiency, interconnected factors that play great importance in determining the quality of banking services. In this context, this study focused on analyzing the process of generating the “Relatório de Circularização” in a banking institution and sought to introduce the principles of Lean Office in a bank. The research, of a qualitative and exploratory nature, aimed to propose and implement improvements in the institution's "back office" processes, using the concepts of continuous improvement, such as Lean and Lean Office, through the process management methodology. The data collected was thoroughly analyzed, and the results highlighted the need for improvements in the process, aiming to increase the level of customer satisfaction. Through brainstorming, main problems in the process were identified, and mapping was carried out using the SIPOC and VSM. The work proposed some suggestions for improving the process. Although the improvements were not implemented during the study, the TO-BE process model was designed to demonstrate how the process would work after the improvements were implemented, including cycle time estimates for fulfilling the request. These changes would also result in a reduction in the cost per report issued, providing an annual economic return for the institution.
Diretrizes para a Documentação de Engenharia de Dados em uma abordagem DevDocOps
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-23) Oliveira, Stephany Mendes; Lucrédio, Daniel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9090396559596221; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9244527658150338
The dissertation presents an in-depth investigation into the integration of agile software development practices, such as Continuous Integration (CI) and Continuous Deployment (CD), with the DevOps philosophy, which seeks collaboration between development and operations teams. The research explores the context of Data Engineering, which deals with the development, implementation, and maintenance of systems and processes for transforming raw data into high-quality information. The study highlights the importance of technical documentation of software and data in an agile development environment and how automating this process can improve the quality and efficiency of software deliveries. The DevDocOps approach is introduced as a way to integrate continuous documentation into the software de velopment lifecycle, addressing the challenges of balancing adequate documentation with effective communication. Furthermore, the research investigates the automation of documentation for data models developed in SAP HANA, a powerful in-memory Database Management System (DBMS). Documentation of Calculation Views, a key object in SAP HANA, is explored in detail, emphasizing the importance of accurate documentation for understanding and effective use of these models. The study also compares various data documentation automation tools available in the market and discusses their limitations in relation to the DevDocOps approach. It concludes that while these tools offer efficient solutions for data management and documentation, they often do not fully meet the needs of continuous documentation integration into the development lifecycle. To prove the practical application of the proposed approach, an experimental study was conducted where the findings from the literature were applied in a real development environment. In this study, the DevDocOps approach was implemented to integrate continuous documentation into the data engineering development lifecycle, with a focus on automating the SAP HANA data model documentation process. Finally, the dissertation emphasizes the importance of a holistic approach to technical documentation in agile development environments, especially in Data Engineering, and proposes guidelines for the successful implementation of the DevDocOps approach. The study contributes to advancing knowledge on the integration of agile practices, DevOps, and technical documentation in complex software development and data engineering environments.
Estudo de viabilidade de rota alternativa de consumo de dióxido de carbono gerado pela fermentação do processo produtivo em benefício de estocagem do gás em uma indústria alimentícia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-23) Rodrigues, Ana Júlia Castro; Guerra, Vádila Giovana; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0752059622240208
Carbon dioxide is a versatile gas with various applications. In the food industry, it is used to carbonate beverages, preserve food, and extend the shelf life of perishable products. In breweries, carbon dioxide is generated during a biological process called alcoholic fermentation which yeast, unicellular microorganisms, convert the sugars present in the wort derived from cereals into ethanol and carbon dioxide. This gas is a valuable product that can be captured and used to carbonate beer, giving it its characteristic effervescence. In the case of a conventional beer production model, in CO2 processing, purges are necessary to deal with the high system pressure. The condensation of carbon dioxide in the processing is not always efficient due to factors such as impurity presence and high operating temperature. When CO2 is subjected to high pressures during its purification process, small amounts of impurities can accumulate, which are directed to be released through purges. This inefficiency in condensation can result in CO2 losses and compromise the quality of the final product. Therefore, there is a possibility of purging the gas solely due to high pressure, as it remains in the gaseous phase instead of condensing into the liquid phase. Thus, the present work aims to identify the feasibility of an alternative consumption route in packaging using non-liquefied form to relieve system pressure while optimizing the storage process and determining the operational conditions of its use. By reducing the pressure in the line, an increase in the storage quantity is expected, by avoiding purges exclusively due to high pressure. The expected result is a stable supply to the production lines, as the CO2 processing will be continuous, without interruptions, and a reduction in the operational costs of the brewing industry since it will not be necessary to purchase gas from third parties for product carbonation or other consumers. Furthermore, there is the possibility of resale as a byproduct of the brewing process, bringing profits to the company. Moreover, the solution aims to provide a sustainable alternative for the brewing industry, as the emission of CO2 into the atmosphere must be controlled and avoided due to its classification as a greenhouse gas, contributing to the fight Against climate changes.
Inserção da economia circular na indústria 4.0: utilização de big data no impulsionamento do desenvolvimento industrial sustentável das multinacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-23) Rocha, Marina Pelegrini Mauricio da; Lima, Alice Medeiros de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0038936541518854; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5643-1780; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8526167908385222; https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7222-4823
On the one hand, environmental challenges are becoming increasingly urgent, as they put the entire well-being of society and the future of the planet at risk. Faced with this scenario, it is essential to debate and propose highly scalable solutions so that Brazilian industries and companies can optimize their production lines, generating changes both in production and in the consumption of all raw materials, products, and by-products of the process, based on business models that have more sustainable and reusable initiatives. On the other hand, digital technologies and Big Data are increasingly being used strategically in various sectors, mainly to generate production-related solutions. The main objective of this study is to explore the applicability of Big Data in the context of sustainable business development, focusing on whether companies can incorporate the Circular Economy, with a view to investigating the challenges, benefits, limitations, and advantages related to its use. By questioning managers, analysts and researchers in the field, the aim is to identify the potential benefits, the possible facilitation or otherwise in improving decision-making in the promotion of sustainable practices, as well as the insertion of the Circular Economy in the industrial environment. However, it also seeks to identify limitations, restrictions and shortcomings associated with the use of the tools, such as limitations on privacy and compliance with data protection laws, as well as the quality and veracity of the data and how these impacts on the sustainable development of companies, considering different sectors. As a result, more than 70% of respondents agreed with the questions raised, i.e. respondents largely agreed that Big Data tools can help with environmental challenges. In addition, it was possible to see the incentive and relevance that the topic: Circular Economy and Data Analytics, has had within companies. As well as the discrepancy between the high rate of usability of Big Data tools by the survey participants versus their low familiarity with the subject.
Fatores que influenciam o balanço comercial de produtos fitossanitáros no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-23) Gaban, Felipe Borghi; Carneiro, Renato Lajarim; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8065852319463976; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6857-2190
Brazil is the second-largest consumer of agricultural pesticides in the world, only behind the United States. It is considered one of the major powers in the agricultural sector, with extensive areas dedicated to farming. There's an increasing need to enhance production yield while preventing losses due to field pests. This justifies Brazil's position as one of the largest importers of inputs, heavily reliant on the external market, particularly countries like China, India, and the United States. Therefore, the objective of this work is to analyze the importance of the agrochemical sector in the agribusiness supply chain using export and import data extracted from the COMEX system during key global supply crisis moments. It aims to identify the impacts in terms of price and imported volume. Additionally, it seeks to delve into concepts such as raw materials, technical products, formulated products, global value chains, and production models. This study also aims to contextualize the international and Brazilian production sector to comprehend the current process within the value chain.
Indicadores de Alfabetização Científica sobre o tema Evolução Biológica nas coleções de Ciências da Natureza do Ensino Médio aprovadas no PNDL/2021
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-23) Cazarotti, Ana Cláudia; Sales, Nilva Lúcia Lombardi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6092092558776882; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5867914441107223
In this work we investigated the topic of biological evolution based on the theoretical framework of scientific literacy and scientific literacy indicators of scientific literacy, in the natural science collections approved in the PNLD 2021, which correspond to the books offered to (new) secondary education. Scientific literacy as we understand it is a process in which students have the opportunity to understand the nature of science and that science teaching should not be limited to addressing only concepts and theories, but should also be concerned with the way in which this knowledge is constructed and how its consequences interfere in society (HURD, 1998, AULER; DELIZOICOV, 2001, NORRIS; PHILLIPS, 2003, SASSERON; CARVALHO, 2008). This scientific literacy provides the individual with the chance to understand the world from the point of view of science and exercise their role as a citizen. (MOTOKANE, 2015). Within the teaching of different science contents, the teaching of evolution is considered a central and unifying axis for the teaching of biology, (DOBZHANSKY, 1973) even though there are some biological concepts in which evolution does not interfere with their understanding. We find in the textbook the source of scientific information most commonly used in the classroom, becoming the main pedagogical support material for teachers and students, assuming the function of materializing the main knowledge related to an area of knowledge. Biological evolution began to be found in textbooks in the 1930s, presented as an integral part of paleontology and heredity content (ALMEIDA; FALCÃO, 2010). Therefore, we believe the textbook is material of significant importance for analysis so that it can support students and teachers on their journey in the classroom. Our research paradigm is qualitative, according to Minayo and Sanches (1993). Our research method fits into documentary research according to Lüdke and André (2018). We noticed that four of the seven collections analyzed provide moments that allow the eight expanded scientific literacy indicators to occur. In three collections we did not observe any possibility of developing one or two indicators. Even though the textbook is a tool to support the teacher's work, and an element that can enable students to become scientifically literate, its use may end up not being meaningful if it cannot meet the premises of scientific literacy. The expectation of this study is to contribute to academia and the advancement of knowledge that it provides us, and to support the processes that occur in the classroom, privileging the critical and reflective formation of the student, considering their well-being, that of society and the environment.
O jogo como facilitador do processo de ensino-aprendizagem da matemática nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-23) Baptista, Marina Criscia Santos; Nakayama, Bárbara Cristina Moreira Sicardi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9746628149674449; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7869287904961253
This work aims to map the use of games in the mathematics teaching-learning process based on a survey of academic works produced on the subject. In order to develop such a proposal, a bibliographical research was carried out consulting the dissertations and theses available in the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD) that dealt with this topic, as well as consulting the publications of the IV and V Meeting of Mathematics Education in the Initial years (EEMAI) carried out in 2016 and 2018 respectively. In total, 23 works were selected and, after recording and previous reading, they were cataloged and analyzed according to six thematic axes: pedagogical practices with games in the classroom, games and children's literature in Mathematics, digital games as a pedagogical resource, experience reports on practices with games in teaching Mathematics, the game as a facilitator of learning mathematical content and the importance of existing design in mathematical games. To compose the work, publications by authors such as Vygotsky (2007), Kishimoto (2003) and Grando (2004) were consulted, who pointed out how games and toys are fundamental to the process of knowledge construction. In addition to these publications, the legal frameworks that discuss the development of educational curricula and the learning of mathematics in the initial years were also analyzed. Therefore, the National Common Curricular Base (2018), the National Curricular Parameters (1997), the Paulista Curriculum (2019), the Sorocaba Curricular Matrix (2012) and the Math Notebooks of the National Pact for Literacy at the Right Age (2014) also became objects of this study. At the end of the research, it is concluded that for good practice with games in Mathematics classes, teacher preparation is necessary, whether in initial and/or continued training, in order to ensure that teaching mediation provides moments of learning.
Preparo de filme repelente biodegradável a partir de nanocelulose obtida do resíduo biológico da Kombucha, amido e óleo essencial de citronela
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-23) Mezzelani, Thais Lara; Lima, Vitor Hugo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2514638680367582; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9865-2207; Botaro, Vagner Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2907189124654066; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3382-7747; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9491457588955689; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0741-2764
Faced with a scenario of increasing records of probable cases of diseases transmitted by insects, alternative repellents have been sought as a form of prevention and, among these, are repellent patches using citronella essential oil as the repellent substance. These patches are produced with non-renewable plastic material and made available on the national market through imports. Considering the above, the objective was to prepare a biodegradable repellent film from a renewable source such as bacterial cellulose obtained through the fermentation of Kombucha, added to starch and citronella essential oil, known for its repellent properties. To this end, an initial membrane was obtained and then purified to produce bacterial cellulose and isolate nanofibers, which was later used as a stabilizing agent in the preparation of an emulsion containing citronella oil. Cassava starch films were prepared from this emulsion to obtain a material with repellent activity. These films were characterized in terms of their morphology using microscopy techniques such as SEM and AFM, their structure via FTIR and XRD, thermal and mechanical properties via TGA, and uniaxial tensile testing. It was observed that the process of purification by alkaline means of the fibers obtained after fermentation can change their chemical composition so that the percentage of α-cellulose can reach up to 90% of the fiber composition. Crystallinity is also directly affected due to the purification treatment. The biodegradation properties of these films are under evaluation over a current period of 17 weeks, and previous results have shown the influence of citronella oil on the microbiological activity of the soil, as well as on the mechanical properties of the films according to the percentage of citronella oil used. in the production of films that use cassava starch as a matrix.