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Caracterização de filmes finos de ZnO:Ho crescidos por spray-pirólise
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-25) Neves, Alyne Marques Aragão das; Godoy, Marcio Peron Franco de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2609654784637427; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8376-8642; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8830900307319302
The research investigation on the doping effects of zinc oxide thin films (ZnO) with the rare earth ion Holmium (Ho3+) and the determination of an optimal doping condition for the luminescence of the doping element. The films were deposited by the spray-pyrolysis technique considering nominal rare earth concentrations within the range of 1 to 5%. The structural properties were evaluated by X-ray Diffraction technique (XRD), and morphological and compositional characteristics by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) associated with Energy Spectroscopy Dispersive (EDS). To investigate the optical properties, we employed UV-Vis Absorption Spectroscopy and Photoluminescence Spectroscopy (PL). For PL measurements, the excitation wavelengths were 450 nm and 325 nm, and temperatures around 77 K. The XRD results revealed polycrystalline films in wurtzite hexagonal structure without a preferential orientation with crystallite sizes in the (002) and (101) orientations of 6.9 and 18 nm, respectively, which increases with increasing dopant concentration. SEM micrographs show grains with average size from 1.0 to 2.75 μm. The EDS spectra, in turn, provided the actual concentrations of the rare earth. The UV-Vis absorption showed rare earth absorption in the blue, green, and red regions for samples with 3 to 5% Ho-content. The optical bandgap of ZnO host assumed values between 3.10 and 3.19 eV. The PL spectra showed UV emissions from the host and the dopant emissions in the visible range. Furthermore, the decrease of rare earth luminescence intensity with increasing temperature was attributed to electron-phonon interactions. It was also observed the degeneration in Ho3+ levels, caused by the interaction with the crystalline field of ZnO.
Estudos surdos e decolonialidades: o entrelaçar de teorias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-25) Garcia, Pâmela da Costa; Nichols, Guilherme; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2368933774638597; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7035850021683332
The present article aims to contribute to the decolonial studies, focusing on deaf communities. The essay tries to decoloniality in discussion, as well as the researches in deaf studies and the interculturality. Since the variety of researches under the deaf studies, we selected only the main authors of the subjects and how these authors criticize the hearing colonialism over deaf people, seeking to give deaf people the protagonism, therefore create new knowledges and ways of thinking, and help to guarantee the political recognition of this group. The essay is a revision of the current literature regarding the decolonial studies, deaf studies about culture representation and deaf identity.
Síndrome da fragilidade e aspectos nutricionais em idosos internados em um hospital universitário : um estudo transversal observacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-25) Lima, Fernanda dos Santos; Garcia-Araujo, Adriana Sanches; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0104886088821769; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6491-6240
Introduction: Increased life expectancy and the aging process are accompanied by multimorbidities and manifestations of chronic diseases. Furthermore, it is known that nutritional condition is an important factor in maintaining functionality, autonomy and improving muscle performance. Problems related to this can trigger a cycle of weaknesses. Therefore, frailty in the elderly is associated with greater vulnerability and susceptibility to falls and episodes of hospitalization. Therefore, elderly people with frailty syndrome have reduced walking speed, reduced hand grip strength, low level of physical activity and unintentional weight loss. These factors negatively impact functionality and autonomy, leading to hospitalization and an increase in illnesses. Such declines generate an increase in the need for hospitalization, driven by exacerbations of chronic diseases, which imposes a restriction on mobility in bed, triggering a process of accentuated muscle weakness, reduced functionality and autonomy. Objectives: To characterize elderly people hospitalized in a university hospital regarding the presence of frailty and nutritional aspects. Methods: Prospective, observational and cross-sectional study, in which elderly people over 60 years of age, hospitalized in the ward of a university hospital, were selected. Assessments were carried out to screen for frailty (self-reported feeling of exhaustion, unintentional weight loss, assessment of handgrip strength, gait speed test and physical activity), as well as a nutritional risk questionnaire (MANr). Results: 49 hospitalized elderly people were evaluated, with a mean age of 72.65 ± 9.20 years, of which 61.22% were male and 20.40% were illiterate. Among the clinical conditions, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) was the most prevalent with 20.40%. With regard to frailty syndrome, 84.1% of the population is characterized as frail and 2.3% as non-frail. Regarding nutritional status, the presence of malnutrition was detected in 62.2% of hospitalized elderly people. Conclusion: There is a high incidence of frail and pre-frail elderly people admitted to the hospital environment and these elderly people present malnutrition or nutritional risk.
Relato de um aluno no curso de medicina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-25) Sicchieri, Felipe Defina; Roscani, Meliza Goi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1298051150234135; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1463-551X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6058811580394811
This Course Completion Work (TCC) is foreseen in the Pedagogical Project of the UFSCar Medicine Course. This is a Critical-Reflective Narrative based on my experience reports as a student of this Undergraduate Course from 2018 to 2023, covering everything from entry into the course to passing through the 3 cycles that make up the course's curriculum.
Elementos potencialmente tóxicos em batons fabricados no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-25) Sato, Mariane Tikae; Carvalho, Mayara de Almeida Ribeiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6211067303954955; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8143-318X; Oliveira, Luciana Camargo de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6238603150964753; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6125-2154; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0834561374709139
Cosmetics are products for external use that can have specific protection and/or beautification purposes for different parts of the body. Lipstick is specifically designed to hydrate, protect and color the lips, and is a product used daily by many people. Given this, it is important to analyze the quality of this product and evaluate the potential risks that the presence of toxic elements (PTEs) in lipsticks can cause to users over time. Some PTEs are related to various diseases such as skin problems, neurological, reproductive, renal, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular diseases, as well as skeletal, immune, respiratory and blood system problems. Thus, the objectives of this work were to verify the main sources of PTEs contamination in lipsticks and the effects that prolonged use of contaminated products can cause to human health; as well as determining the concentrations of PTEs in two brands of lipsticks manufactured in Brazil with red and pink colors, verifying the values in accordance with Brazilian legislation. The research methodology used to investigate the main PTEs in lipsticks, sources of contamination and effects on human health was the Systematic Literature Review (SLR). For this, the Scopus and Web of Science databases were selected for the research, using the terms “lipstick”, “heavy metals” and “potentially toxic elements”, selecting article as the type of document, open access, published in period 2013-2023, which after reading and analysis resulted in 18 articles in total. For the determination of PTEs aluminum (Al), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), strontium (Sr), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), potassium (K) and zinc (Zn), the lipsticks samples were subjected to microwave-assisted digestion (Anton Paar) and quantified in the microwave plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (MP-AES, Agilent). Furthermore, a comparative study was carried out with masses of 0.3 g (M1) and 0.03 g (M2) of lipsticks, the M1 samples showed greater reliability in the results compared to the M2 samples. Elements such as Pb, Cu, Sr and Zn presented low concentrations, however Ba, Al, Fe and K presented high concentrations, exceeding the values allowed by Anvisa. Elements not allowed by legislation, such as Cr and Ni, had low concentrations and Cd was below the detection limit for all samples. Therefore, the results of this work show the importance of ensuring higher quality in the raw materials used in lipstick, especially mica and pigments, as well as monitoring the manufacturing and packaging process to avoid contaminations in the final product.
A mediação cultural em artes na Educação Infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-25) Ferreira, Julliana Rizzia Silva; Lombardi, Lucia Maria Salgado dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5697508831302188; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6978-864X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3629189996133432; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5393-4824
The present work aimed to investigate the process of cultural mediation in arts in Early Childhood Education and its manifestation within the classroom, emphasizing its relevance for young children. In order to address the question-problem "how does cultural mediation with arts occur in Early Childhood Education?", the study's approach was grounded in understanding the concept of cultural mediation and its implications for educators in Early Childhood Education, guided by principles of freedom and respect regarding what is offered to children. In this context, concepts related to the child's right to choose within the cultural mediation framework were developed, considering the intersection between child and art. The study sought to comprehend which artistic expressions are present in Early Childhood Education and how teachers utilize various artistic languages, fostering simultaneous reflections on the autonomy of young children in the realm of arts. The research adopted a qualitative approach based on a bibliographic review. As a result, it was observed that cultural mediation in arts in Early Childhood Education is transformative when teachers take into account the choices, characteristics, and autonomy of young children in their diverse artistic expressions in the classroom. The central objective of the teacher when working with the arts in Early Childhood Education is to enable children to be creative and active in their learning processes, exploring their imagination capabilities and not being seen as mere spectators in the kindergarten.
Reflexões sobre a opressão do corpo da criança pequena na Educação Infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-25) Sudo, Desiree Iasmin Cristiana Pereira; Lombardi, Lucia Maria Salgado dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5697508831302188; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6978-864X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5625152416754331; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1381-6790
This Undergraduate thesis discusses addresses the corporal disciplining of young children in the context of Early Childhood Education, with special emphasis on daycare center. The research, which was carried out through a bibliographical review and field study, examines the topic based on the author's personal and professional experience, which found that very young children are often restricted in their freedom of movement at school, whether through norms and punishments, whether through the organization of spaces and times. The study highlights the fundamental importance of playing for the physical, motor, cognitive and emotional development of children, as it allows them to explore themselves, environments, materialities, relationships and, thus, build knowledge, identity and exercise autonomy. Research has found that corporal disciplining can have adverse consequences for child development, including behavioral problems, learning difficulties, low self-esteem and physical and mental health complications. The urgent need for a review in the organization and provision of Early Childhood Education for very young children is emphasized, recognizing the need for children to move. It is proposed to create a welcoming school environment for children, which allows children to express themselves freely, including through body movement.
Impacto da submersão de perfis extrudados de alumínio em soluções alcalinas: um estudo de capabilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-25) Bueno, Bruno dos Anjos; Koga, Guilherme Yuuki; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0933095081175012
Marcel Pourbaix dedicated himself to the study of metal corrosion, culminating in the publication of the "Atlas of Electrochemical Equilibrium" in 1964. His work presents diagrams that predict the stability of chemical species under various electrolytic cell conditions. The present study utilized this knowledge to corroborate the hypothesis raised by Hydro Aluminum, indicating that the alkaline degreasing bath applied to its extruded tubes impacted the increase in the minimum force required for interference fit crimping, resulting in non-compliance with customer specifications. To solve this problem, a proposal for improvement was initiated, which involved replacing the alkaline degreasing bath with a neutral solution bath. According to Pourbaix, the alkaline environment favors the solubilization of Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) while in a neutral environment, metallic Aluminum (Al) is passivated, ensuring the statistical stability of the process. To monitor this, 180 samples were collected (being extruded aluminum tubes of alloy 3103), divided into 90 for each of the analyzed conditions. This collection took place over 101 non-consecutive days. All samples were manufactured following the same process sheet. Hydro collected these samples as part of a control for batch release. Each batch corresponded to a degreasing basket with a capacity of 330 pieces, totaling a sample space of 59,400 products. The randomly selected samples were crimped using a Hydro universal testing machine configured for compression tests, allowing the determination of minimum crimping force values. The collected data were processed using MINITAB® software for the construction of the process capability study, comparing the samples before and after the improvement process. Data treatment confirmed the effectiveness of the improvement proposal.
Vozes das catástrofes: teias de resistência Xikrin entre Belo Monte e a COVID-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-25) Foltram, Rochelle; Mantovanelli, Thais Regina da Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7788-6354; Lolli, Pedro Augusto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6114043331557199; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1010-700X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1343242218631044; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8169-7925
In the depths of the Trincheira Bacajá Indigenous Land, along the banks of the Bacajá River, an unrelenting saga of resistance unfolds. This thesis paints the picture of the Mebêngôkré-Xikrin's tireless struggle, touched by the waters of the river that now resonate with the roar of Belo Monte. Confronted by socio-environmental projects devised in response to the imposing Environmental Basic Plan of Norte Energia, the Xikrin intertwine their history with threads of combat and resilience. Each project emerges as a manifesto, a cry of resistance in the face of the challenges imposed by 35 years of forced coexistence with the hydroelectric plant and the threat of ethnocide. In the fabric of this narrative, the pandemic years unfold as an additional chapter in Xikrin life. COVID-19, like a relentless tempest, intertwines with resistance, challenging the Xikrin to confront not only the invasion of their waters but also the fleeting shadows of a global disease. This thesis is a chant, an echo of Xikrin voices that resonate beyond the waters, beyond the imposed challenges, an ode to the resistance that shapes itself with each dawn, bringing the promise of a tomorrow where indigenous culture and life flourish amid tireless struggle.
"Trabalhadores do futuro": discursos e práticas empreendedoras em uma empresa júnior de São Carlos-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-25) Oliveira, Ana Julia Anselmo de; Pires, Aline Suelen; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8860270341724853; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6358617755039986
The productive restructuring has triggered new configurations in the world of work. With this change, a new profile of worker emerges, aligned with the premises disseminated by neoliberalism from the 1970s onwards. This new worker is characterized by flexibility, competitiveness, and being an entrepreneur of oneself, concerned with ensuring employability. Willing to take risks and intensify their working hours, this worker seeks not just a guarantee of stability but a job where they feel they are making a difference in the world. Thus, this study aimed to understand how the entrepreneurial discourse is incorporated and mobilized by students participating in a junior company at the São Carlos campus of the University of São Paulo (USP). It examines how entrepreneurial discourses and practices take shape in a project that simulates the experience in the labor market and how they influence students' perceptions of the new configurations of work - flexible, with reduced labor rights, and marked by a neoliberal logic that encourages "self-entrepreneurship." The research was conducted through a case study, utilizing observation techniques, semi-structured interviews, and collecting materials from the company's social media for discourse analysis. It is concluded that these discourses prevail in EESC Jr. and in brazilian Junior Enterprise Movement (MEJ), through a strongly disseminated corporate culture that encourages competitiveness, flexibility, intense work, and training as a way to ensure employability, all in the pursuit of work that is capable of transforming lives. Personal achievement is considered an important factor for future professional trajectories.
Uma análise de regressão logística usando componentes principais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-25) Goes, Gustavo Ramos de; Dias, Teresa Cristina Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0187724276640668; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6065-7627; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9198939559564510
In this Bachelors dissertation we studied, in the context of logistic regression models, the case in which the number of covariables is large and the covariables are correlated. In this situation, we use the principal component analysis technique in order to reduce the number of the variables (dimension) involved in the data set. We present two examples of logistic regression and one of principal component analysis, as well as a comparison between an application with both methodologies, applied jointly, and an application using only logistic regression.
Uma sequência didática em abordagem decolonial: a farinha de mandioca, os conhecimentos indígenas e o ensino de química
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-25) Silva, Pedro Henrique Diggelmann da; Silva, Adriana de Oliveira Delgado; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2707979913713089; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6545-8480
The current configuration of schools in our society grants the applied curriculum the power to transmit content and knowledge, but also positions and conceptions of the world. These conceptions can reinforce an overly technicist and Eurocentric view of knowledge. This paper offers a reflection on these conceptions that are transmitted by the teaching of chemistry in school. To this end, based on the concept of decolonial teaching as a theoretical foundation, a Didactic Sequence was constructed, guided by the Three Pedagogical Moments methodology, as well as an Activity Booklet, centered on the chemical content of separation of mixtures and its tools, using the processes of making manioc flour and its relationship with the indigenous communities of Brazil as a theme. The Didactic Sequence includes problematizations in the form of videos and texts that discuss indigenous knowledge related to the content and theme, while the Activity Booklet is made up of application activities, such as a questionnaire, essay proposal and experiment, aimed at promoting an understanding of the content from the perspective of decoloniality. The construction of this Didactic Sequence is supported by a brief bibliographical review on decoloniality and decolonial teaching and a delimitation of the relationships between the process of making manioc flour and the physical-chemical procedures for separating mixtures, highlighting the historical and cultural importance of manioc in Brazilian food and the indigenous role in handling this food. The Didactic Sequence constructed is understood as an adaptable model that presents the viability of the decolonial approach with the manioc flour theme, offering a starting point for teachers and researchers that intend to delve deeper into the potential of the approach, theme or methodology, either theoretically, with bibliographic reviews, or practically, through the application of this sequence, which, though not being covered in this work, is a relevant perspective for future works.