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Avaliação da influência da enzima polifenoloxidase na produção de etanol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-26) Sousa, Gabriel Torres de; Silva, Thaís Jordânia; Neves, Isabelle Cristina Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3479449098249392
The production of ethanol from sugarcane plays a crucial economic, social, and environmental role in Brazil, generating income and development in a country that is a global benchmark in biofuel and renewable energy production. Among the various stages and characteristics of ethanol production, the occurrence of enzymatic browning reaction can be observed shortly after sugarcane milling, catalyzed by the naturally present polyphenoloxidase (PFO) enzyme in the plant. This enzyme comes into contact with its substrates and oxygen immediately after juice extraction, triggering a series of chemical reactions that produce, among other compounds, phenolic and polymeric substances that generate sludge and impart a dark color to the sugarcane must. In this context, the motivation for this study was to evaluate the influence of the enzymatic browning reaction and its products on ethanol production through the fermentation of sugarcane juice under different concentrations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast and thermal inactivation of the PFO enzyme before the milling stage. The results obtained showed that the thermal inactivation of the enzyme led to a lower generation of sludge in the sugarcane must, a positive aspect for alcohol production. Enzymatic inactivation did not result in increased ethanol production in the study, even at different yeast concentrations. The average distillate yield from treatments without thermal treatment (STT) with 0.5 g/L of yeast, STT with 1.0 g/L of yeast, and with thermal treatment (CTT) with 1.0 g/L of yeast showed no statistical difference by the Tukey test (p <0.05). However, the CTT sample with 0.5 g/L of yeast showed statistically lower distillate production than the others, indicating that the severe thermal treatment applied to the CTT samples at the beginning of the process may have eliminated a large majority of naturally occurring wild yeasts in the plant, reducing the volume of ethanol produced during fermentation. It is concluded that the thermal inactivation of PFO does not influence the volume of ethanol produced by the fermentation of sugarcane juice by Saccharomyces cerevisiae at yeast concentrations of 1.0 g/L.
Algoritmo genético aplicado à ligas multicomponentes para armazenagem de hidrogênio: implementação de novos parâmetros termodinâmicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-26) Dias, Victor dos Santos; Pedroso, Otávio Abreu; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0451136180466494; Zepon, Guilherme; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924187202036614
Energy demand has increased significantly with the advancement of technology, which is why it is important to study new sources of clean energy. An alternative that has been studied and meets environmental standards is the storage of hydrogen in a solid state in metal hydrides. In recent years, studies have been carried out with single-phase multicomponent alloys with a body-centered cubic structure. Multicomponent alloys can present good hydrogen storage results due to the large compositional field. This is important as hydrogen storage properties directly depend on the composition. Therefore, composition testing is necessary and a cheap and fast method is computational calculations. In this work, two new parameters were added to a previously developed genetic algorithm, the phase transition enthalpy and the plateau enthalpy, to assist in the construction of pressure-temperature-composition diagrams. Nine problems were tested, the first five problems with the same settings as the previous work with the new parameters, later four more problems were tested with new settings of plateau enthalpy and molar mass. The algorithm was able to meet most of the requirements, being tested with and without composition restrictions. However, user experience is necessary to obtain good results.
Visão prospectiva: tendências e perspectivas futuras na indústria de alimentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-26) Nóbrega, Thainara Cardoso; Neves, Isabelle Cristina Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3479449098249392; Silva, Thaís Jordânia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4582114700719319
The food industry is a dynamic sector in constant evolution, characterized by the adoption of new production methods, innovations in ingredients, and the release of new products. One of the primary driving forces behind these changes is the increasing demands of consumers, who continually seek improvements in terms of taste, quality, and nutritional value of food. To meet these demands and ensure customer satisfaction, companies employ various strategic tools to stay ahead in the market and innovate their products. This entails understanding consumer expectations and desires, not only regarding the products themselves but throughout the entire production chain, from raw materials to final consumption. The aim of this study was to analyze current trends in the food market through a literature review. The intention is to create an informative and comprehensive material on market trends and projections, aiming to provide insights for future innovation projects and research in the food industry. During the analysis process, it became evident that consumer demands have been recognized and implemented in the production chain, both in large industries and startups. Issues such as ingredient and production process sustainability have been considered, maintaining a focus on quality and often substituting ingredients for healthier options. Concluding, there's a quest for new food sources, primarily driven by environmental concerns and the growing world population, emphasizing nutritional quality and formulation improvements.
Modelo de mistura padrão com fragilidade gama: aplicação a dados de melanoma
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-26) Peruchi, Pamela Cristina; Tomazella, Vera Lucia Damasceno; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8870556978317000
Cancer is a malignant disease that can affect several organs. When it spreads throughout the body and reaches other organs, it is called metastasis, and this is the leading cause of cancer-related death. Although skin cancer is the most common in Brazil, and corresponds to around 30% of all malignant tumors registered in the country, melanoma represents only 4% of malignant neoplasms, according to the National Cancer Institute (INCA ). Intense and sudden exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause sunburn. This exposure results in a mutation in the DNA of the cells responsible for producing melanin, developing abnormal cells and in turn leading to the development of melanoma. Due to the high incidence of death from cancer, it is crucial to invest in research, education and resources for the prevention, diagnosis and effective treatment of this disease. Among the statistical techniques used to build the models, survival analysis stands out. The application of this technique in the medical field seeks to estimate, for example, the survival time of patients after diagnosis of the disease, in addition to providing information on the progression of the disease, the effectiveness of treatments and associated risk factors. Based on patient survival data, it is possible to identify patterns and determine which characteristics are associated with better or worse prognoses. In this context, this work aims to consider a cure fraction model with fragility for analyzing melanoma data. This model takes into account the possibility that some patients can be cured of the disease, while others cannot. Furthermore, it incorporates the idea of fragility, which allows taking into account the variability not captured by the explanatory variables observed in the study. The proposed methodology will be applied to a database from the Oncocentro de São Paulo Foundation (FOSP). This database contains relevant information about melanoma patients, including their survival times and clinical characteristics.
Leite A2A2: uma análise abrangente sobre seu surgimento, propriedades, mercado e evolução científica através da análise bibliométrica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-26) Ferreira, Krízia Emanuelle dos Santos; Moura, Rafaela Ribeiro; Neves, Isabelle Cristina Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3479449098249392; Silva, Thaís Jordânia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4582114700719319
The ingestion of milk since childhood is emphasized as a fundamental part of human daily diet, occupying the first place as the most consumed food in the world. Considered a raw material of great nutritional and economic importance, milk consumption promotes food security and serves as a significant source of income for various rural producers. Currently, there has been discussion about the main impacts on human health associated with the consumption of bovine milk containing the A1 variant of β-casein. The differentiation between A1 and A2 β-casein, marked by the amino acid at position 67 (histidine in A1 and proline in A2), results in distinct products: "A1 milk" with homozygosity and heterozygosity, and "A2 milk" exclusively with homozygosity. The metabolism of the A1 variant synthesizes β-casomorphin-7 (BCM-7), affecting gastrointestinal motility as well as gastric and pancreatic secretions. In contrast, A2 β-casein, with proline at position 67, prevents or minimizes the release of the opioid BCM-7, resulting in the alternative peptide β-casomorphin-9. The hypothesis that the A1 variant may have adverse effects on health, related to the production of BCM-7 during digestion, raises concerns about heart diseases, diabetes, neurological disorders, among others. The interest in the A2 variant and its products has sparked significant debates and research, reflected in a comprehensive bibliographic analysis. Using the Web of Science database, this study provides an overview of the current state of research, identifying institutions, researchers, and trends. This research mapped articles published annually, the predominant directions in thematic content, frequently used citations, and prominent countries. The results highlight the urgency of making efforts to fully understand the possible ramifications of this innovative product for both human health and the dairy market in general.
Caracterização das alterações transcricionais e morfológica da mitocôndria da prole de fêmeas obesas com deficiência da mitofusina 2 no oócito
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-26) Ferreira, Renan Omete; Chiaratti, Marcos Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0392078007500289; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8554356780766981
Heart disease is one of the main causes of death worldwide and research has shown an intrinsic relationship between cardiac effects in offspring and maternal obesity. In addition, there is increasing evidence of the possible involvement of mitochondria in oocytes as factors that contribute to the maternal effect. Thus, these alterations end up being passed on to the offspring and are associated with metabolic and cardiac disorders. Therefore, MFN2, an important modulator of metabolism that is located in the mitochondria and the ER, appears to play a fundamental role in transmitting metabolic conditions and changes to the offspring. With this information in mind, the current study sought to determine the transcriptional changes and mitochondrial morphology in the cardiac tissue of mice born to obese mothers with oocyte-specific MFN2 knockouts. For this purpose, cardiac tissues were collected from the offspring of obese females with oocyte-specific knockout of MFN2 and wild males. After collection, the RNA content of these tissues was extracted and purified for the production of RNA-Seq libraries, assessing the quality and quantity of the transcript, subsequently converting it into cDNA by attaching adapters to the ends of the molecule, followed by sequencing and the generation of differential expression data. In this way, the levels of transcription in cardiac tissue were assessed, as well as the main differentially regulated pathways, using the DAVID platform and the RStudio integrated development environment for differential expression analysis. In addition, we sought to determine parameters of mitochondrial morphology in the tissue of the offspring of these obese females with oocyte-specific MFN2 knockouts by obtaining transmission electron microscopy images and analyzing them using ImageJ software. Thus, the results indicated a profound change in the transcription in cardiac tissue of these animals, with impacts on the oxidative phosphorylation pathway and related to diabetic cardiomyopathy, despite insignificant changes in the quantitative analysis of mitochondrial morphology. Therefore, the MFN2 knockout is related to the transmission of effects at the transcriptional level in the cardiac tissue of the offspring.
Guia de árvores da arborização pública de Campina do Monte Alegre-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-26) Rigoli, Vitor Sergio Lourenço; Gissi, Danilo Soares; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7223497192057819; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5081-2803; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3703279404298561
Due to the intense process of urbanization and the loss of native vegetation, the presence of trees in urban centers provides numerous benefits to the lives of the population, leading to improvements in physical and social well-being, and regulating microclimatic conditions. Furthermore, they create an opportunity for survival of fauna, providing shelter and food, contributing to the maintenance of animal and plant biodiversity. However, the lack of adequate management can cause several social, economic and ecological problems. The city of Campina do Monte Alegre is located in a transitional region between the Cerrado and the Atlantic Forest domains. The municipality presents a landscape of increasing urbanization, and large areas dedicated to agriculture and forestry. Thus, the present work consisted of preparing a didactic guide, through a survey of the city's public urban afforestation. In this way, individuals present in public areas of the city, such as sidewalks, squares and parks, were considered. In total, 35 species were identified, 17 of which were considered exotic and 18 were native to Brazil. Therefore, the present afforestation does not represent well the natural domains of the region, as mostly of the cultivated species do not belong to the local flora. Furthermore, 11 species belong to the Fabaceae family, representing around 31% of the total, which exceeds the recommended percentage for the same group. Furthermore, species were observed that had the potential to damage public infrastructure and cause environmental imbalance, that is, they are not suitable for afforestation. Finally, greater participation and planning responsibility of public authorities, instruction to residents and prioritization of planting native species are suggested.
Impacto das nanopartículas de Sílica na transição de polímeros termossensíveis usados na administração controlada de medicamentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-26) Ribeiro, Lucas da Silva; Camargo, Emerson Rodrigues de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7720754304065239; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2893-5353; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4956611802094166; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6314-0076
Conventional systemic drug delivery methods have shown reduced effectiveness compared to localized release systems. Therefore, thermosensitive nanocomposites were synthesized using poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL) and silica nanoparticles for controlled and localized release of both hydrophilic (doxorubicin hydrochloride - DOX) and hydrophobic (naringin) drugs. The nanospheres were produced in two distinct sizes (80 and 330 nm), and their surfaces were modified with organosilane MPS to enable binding to the polymer. Although the inclusion of silica did not impact the sol-gel transition temperature of PNVCL, it induced changes in the transition profile, resulting in a diffuse transition due to reduced solvation of the polymeric chains. Additionally, there was a reduction in the transition enthalpy, attributed to the formation of smaller cooperative units resulting from the crosslinking role of the nanoparticles. Controlled release experiments demonstrated that all materials effectively regulated the release of the drugs over seven days at physiological temperature and under acidic and neutral pH conditions. The higher release under acidic conditions was attributed to increased erosion of the polymeric matrix. On the other hand, the lower release of naringin under physiological conditions was attributed to enhanced interaction with the hydrophobic interior of the polymer after the transition. Finally, cytotoxicity tests were conducted on pure or DOX-loaded polymers using non-tumor cells (L929) and bladder carcinoma tumor cells (MB49). The unloaded polymers showed no decrease in viability in any cell line after 24 hours, confirming the biocompatibility of the materials. However, the loaded polymers demonstrated cytotoxicity specifically when applied to tumor cells, with a synergistic effect between the 330 nm nanoparticles and the drug, resulting in an 80% reduction in viability in just 24 hours.
Tecnologias digitais e assistivas no contexto da deficiência visual: uma revisão de literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-26) Escrivano, Ana Julia; Pedro, Ketilin Mayra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0991868156805558; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1893-5002; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0758940678874766; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6951-142X
With the advent of technological innovations, there are many ways of accessing and interacting with the information available on digital networks. Thus, Digital Information and Communication Technologies (DICT) have emerged as a way of providing autonomy in different contexts of life in society, including education. In this sense, the aim of this research was to review the literature on digital and assistive technology resources that are generally used in the schooling of visually impaired students. In order to achieve this objective, the data was organized according to an adaptation of the procedures established by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematics Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) and treated qualitatively, by discussing the contributions of each of the studies. The electronic search was carried out in the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Portal Periódicos da Capes and Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD) databases, using the following descriptors and Boolean operator: Digital Technology and Visual Impairment. Of the eight studies considered for analysis, three included technologies in the school context, three included software and mobile applications in the school context and two included software and mobile applications in the social context. The research analyzed indicated the need to overcome the adversities that hinder the autonomy of visually impaired students and highlighted the importance of the teacher in the process of using technological resources as a means of mediating the teaching-learning process. In addition, the data showed that technologies are being developed and made available to people with visual impairments. Therefore, the need to combine digital and assistive resources is highlighted, so that the respective users have greater accessibility when exploring the most varied devices, software, applications and content.
Donos de seu próprio tempo: percepções sobre autonomia e liberdade nos discursos e práticas dos trabalhadores retratados em Estou me Guardando para Quando o Carnaval Chegar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-26) Pereira, Kamila Rocha; Pires, Aline Suelen; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8860270341724853; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8897311089282879
The documentary Waiting for the Carnival (2019) portrays the local production of jeans in the city of Toritama-PE, which has gained prominence in the Brazilian clothing sector and earned the nickname "Jeans Capital." Toritama's workers exemplify the contemporary dynamics of labor: a high degree of informality, home-based work, and outsourcing. With the intensification of self-employment and flexible production, this research examines the perceptions of autonomy and freedom embedded in the discourses and practices of the workers depicted in the documentary. The aim is to analyze the meanings and significance they associate with these terms based on their experiences. Addressing themes of precariousness, subcontracting, entrepreneurship, and the deterritorialization of production, we investigate a context that, while specific to its locality, reflects ongoing dynamics in the current Brazilian labor landscape. Methodologically, our approach is grounded in a global critical analysis of the film, the content of the interviews depicted, and the narrative provided by the director.
Ação formativa para elaboração de planos de aula na perspectiva do desenho universal para a aprendizagem no ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-26) Silva, Jaudréia Ribeiro; Gonçalves, Adriana Garcia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3907378784787581; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5725-2001; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8439449226764183; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1679-8497
The great challenge of today's schools is to develop pedagogical practices that welcome diversity and pay attention to individual differences, promoting access with participation and successful retention of public students in Special Education (PAEE), thus achieving school inclusion. In secondary education, it is even more complex to promote teaching that meets the principles of inclusive education, given the structure and organization of this modality. Universal Design for Learning (UDL) emerges in this context with a theoretical approach that supports the flexibility of the curriculum through the diversification of teaching strategies, with a focus on diversity seeking to eliminate barriers to access to the common curriculum for all students. Considering this context, the general objective of this research was to analyze a Collaborative Training action for the development of lesson plans with UDL principles, by teachers in the Language area and the specialized educational service teacher in the context of high school. To this end, the study was organized in two stages, namely: Stage I - identifying the training need regarding aspects of training for inclusion, with the descriptive method. A semi-structured interview was used, individually, with nine teachers, two of whom were AEE teachers and seven teachers in the Language area, from a state school in a municipality in the interior of the state of Maranhão. This stage resulted in six thematic categories, namely: 1) teachers' perceptions about the inclusion of target audience students in special education; 2) teachers' perceptions about the relationship between teacher training and school inclusion; 3) teachers' perceptions about collaboration between the regular teacher and the Special Education teacher; 4) teachers’ perceptions about lesson planning; 5) teachers’ knowledge about Universal Design for Learning; 6) expectations about the Training Action. After qualitative analysis of the interviews, a collaborative Training Action was developed, based on the demands presented by teachers during the interview. In stage II, of the nine teachers, seven continued in the research, with the collaborative research design. Training meetings were held with the participants, with studies carried out on the themes of collaboration and AUD, discussions and reflections, focused on the demands of teachers and the school. An external study of the texts presented as references was proposed, in addition to written activities and videos. As a collaborative activity, teachers created and evaluated four lesson plans. There were six training meetings, all recorded on an audio recorder and transcribed in full for analysis. This stage resulted in five thematic categories, namely: 1) attitudinal challenges; 2) challenges for diversification in teaching strategies; 3) challenges of teaching work; 4) implications of UDL for lesson planning – teachers’ reflections; 5) preparation and evaluation of lesson plans based on the DUA – collaboration between teachers. The study showed that the perceptions that teachers have about inclusion and disability are still archaic and rigid, the result of negative conceptions about disability, which interferes with the way the teacher conducts teaching, producing barriers in the inclusion process, as well as barriers in the organizational structure of teaching. The Training Action on UDL, in the form of collaboration, showed training potential, as teachers were able to reflect on their own practice, as well as construct new ideas about inclusive pedagogical practices. It was possible to demonstrate that developing more accessible lesson plans based on the DUA is a challenge, given the conditions of teaching work that involve structure and appreciation of the teaching profession. On the other hand, it allowed working collaboratively, identifying new perspectives for school inclusion based on the DUA and collaborative practice between peers and special education teachers.
Uso de polímeros funcionais em dispositivos para energy harvesting
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-26) Mendes, Bruno de Oliveira; Scuracchio, Carlos Henrique; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0896060959622431
The world is looking for ways to obtain energy more efficiently since society has become highly dependent on electricity for the most diverse daily activities. The traditional means of obtaining it are those that generate enough energy for humanity, however, several daily movements have a high potential and end up not being explored. This range of dissipated energy is precisely the repressed demand on which energy capture devices seek to act and were developed, creating the concept of Energy Harvesting, which began to be studied in the 21st century with the development of nanogenerators. The devices use principles that make it possible to generate electrical energy such as piezoelectricity and triboelectricity. Therefore, the choice of materials to be used is extremely important and to expand the range of application, polymers are good candidates for the development of these parts due to their properties. The use of nanogenerators to capture energy depends on the characteristics of each material used in the device and the way in which it is manufactured. One can explore energies present in the human body and in nature, therefore, for each use, it is necessary to analyse the best shape, material and way of functioning of each device. Studies are developed in the most diverse applications and with different material possibilities, however, piezoelectricity in polymers is mostly PVDF, a material that has the ability to generate electrical energy from external loads, while triboelectricity is easily explored since it only depends on two different materials and the friction between them is already capable of separating charges, generating a current. Therefore, the potential for exploring nanogenerator devices based on triboelectricity is great and enables the development of new ways to obtain energy and to be used across the globe to change global energy consumption in search of more sustainable and that generate less impact in all spheres.
Retorno presencial na pandemia da covid-19:ações das professoras alfabetizadoras e de políticas públicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-26) Placeres, Mariane Ferreira; Sisla, Heloisa Chalmers; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9446133131561056; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8017657963945822
The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has led to changes in the organization of life in society, and the school environment has been no different. Teaching had to adapt to the health limitations and during 2020 and much of 2021 it began to be offered remotely. This research sought to identify and analyze the challenges and actions of teachers and the school network aimed at the literacy of students in the second and third years of elementary school after the return to face-to-face classes in the municipal network of Araraquara, São Paulo, surveying the actions implemented by teachers, schools and the school network. The research uses a qualitative approach as its methodological basis and is divided into three stages, the first of which presents the context of literacy before the start of the pandemic, providing some indicators and analyzing the contents of official documents related to literacy, such as the National Education Plan, the National Common Curriculum Base and the National Literacy Policy; the second, a bibliographic survey to expose the difficulties that have arisen in relation to literacy with the pandemic; and the third, semi-structured interviews with five literacy teachers, presenting the challenges encountered in the return to face-to-face classes and the survey of actions to face the difficulties that have arisen. Through the interviewees' speeches, the following thematic axes could be identified: "previous scenario - accentuation of the precariousness of teaching work and the quality of education during remote teaching", "return to face-to-face classes - absences and the relationship between family and school", "pedagogical and psychological challenges of returning to face-to-face classes", "heterogeneity of classes and tutoring", "reactions to the municipal policies of Educa Mais", "teaching the unlearned - the challenges and actions aimed at students with more difficulty". The aim was to investigate the policy initiatives of the network, the school and especially the teachers, as well as to discuss strategies aimed at literacy.
Relação entre o isolamento social (covid-19) e o número de registros de duas espécies de aves migratórias no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-26) Freitas, Monique Vieira de; Piratelli, Augusto João; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4747322084219058; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0268-4007; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5043337564149129; https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3510-8180
During the covid-19 pandemic, social distancing was adopted as a measure to curb virus dissemination. As a consequence, there was a reduction in anthropic disturbance in the cities (such as foot traffic, noise, light, and atmospheric pollution). This could have affected the presence of birds in cities and eventually their migratory processes. In this study, it was intended to investigate if social distancing caused by covid-19 pandemic affected the number of records and the migratory pattern of two bird species, the Tropical Kingbird (Birds, Tyrannidae) and the Plumbeous Kite (Birds, Accipitridae) in the state of São Paulo. It was expected that with social distancing, the populations of Tropical Kingbird and Plumbeous Kite would experience less anthropogenic impact, altering their migratory processes, resulting in a change in the migration or return period. Additionally, it was expected to observe a greater impact of social distancing on Plumbeous Kite records, given its sensitivity to urbanization. To answer this research question, records of the species were collected from the eBird and Wikiaves platforms before, during, and after the implementation of social distancing in the state of São Paulo. Data related to day length and social distancing index in the cities of records in the same state were also collected. To analyze the data GLMM analyses were conducted using R Studio. As a result, it was observed that the migratory patterns of the species remained unchanged regardless of social distancing, refuting our hypothesis. A decrease in Plumbeous Kite records was also observed in relation to the increase in the social distancing index in the state. However, the variation in sun length was the variable that positively influenced Tropical Kingbird records, confirming the prediction that social distancing would have a greater impact on Plumbeous Kite records. In conclusion, social distancing apparently did not interfere with the migratory pattern of the species, as migration is associated with the circannual rhythm of birds, which has not changed during the covid-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, there was a negative impact on the number of Plumbeous Kite records, attributed to the limitations imposed by social distancing itself.
Forensic determination of adhesive vinyl microplastics in urban soils
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-26) Sebastião, Glaucia Isabel de Andrade; Waldman, Walter Ruggeri; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0616238673458322; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7280-2243; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0934574036471700; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9415-3774
Plastic production and consumption hubs are mainly concentrated in large urban centers, causing the soil in these places to become large sinks of fragments generated from their breakdown, known as microplastics (MPs). Adhesive vinyl polymers, widely used in various commercial sectors, as far as we know, have never been investigated scientifically from the perspective of their potential to form MPs. This proof-of-concept work started by studying the soil around a plaque made of adhesive vinyl that had been exposed to the weather for 8 years and was visibly degraded. We customized a selective methodology for separating specific MPs from the soil and obtained a range of 5.8×103 fragments kg-1 of dry soil being produced from a maximum of 1 cm² of adhesive vinylfilm. In addition: (1) it was observed that vertical and horizontal transport was not favored, causing the formation of a great potential for hotspots; (2) the area of the fragments did not influence vertical transport. Here, we presented a forensic assessment for the association between the presence of MPs and its source.
Organização da Atenção Primária à Saúde para o enfrentamento da pandemia de Covid-19 no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-26) Camargo, Ana Júlia; Uehara, Sílvia Carla da Silva André; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3903413440784581; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5678978575627154; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5489-8309
The objective of this study was to evaluate Primary Health Care services in the fight against Covid-19 in the State of São Paulo. This is an analytical cross-sectional study conducted with 261 PHC managers from the 17 Regional Health Departments of the state of São Paulo. For data collection, a questionnaire was built based on the Protocol for the Clinical Management of Coronavirus (Covid-19) in the Primary Health Care of the Ministry of Health and it was sent by email to the health secretariats of the municipalities of São Paulo. The data were analyzed considering the population size of the municipalities, Human Development Index and coverage of the Family Health Team and Primary Care Team . For this purpose, the Poisson regression model with random effect was used, the analyses were performed using the SAS 9.4 software and the graphs using the R4.1.2, 5% was adopted as the level of significance. The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of São Carlos. A total of 261 managers participated in the study, of which 215 (82.3%) were female, 37 (14.1%), 35 (13.4%), 32 (12.2%) and 28 (10.7%) of the interviewees, respectively, from DRS XV- São José do Rio Preto, IX-Marília, I-Grande São Paulo and VI-Bauru. Regarding the training and role of managers, it is noteworthy that 192 (73.6%) had training in the area of Health Sciences and 60 (23%) were health secretaries. When analyzing the participation of managers by population size of the municipalities, 53 (20.3%) belonged to municipalities of population size 4, that is, with a population of 20001 to 50000 inhabitants;211 (80.8%) belonged to municipalities with high human development index, 229 (87.7%) came from municipalities with family health team coverage below 25%, and 139 (53.3%) from municipalities with family health team coverage above 75%. Among the results, it is highlighted that the use of information technologies for telecare in pre-clinical care, diagnoses, case follow-up and consultations were 25% more prevalent in municipalities of size 1 or 2, when compared to municipalities of size 3 or 4 and 36% more prevalent in municipalities of size 1 or 2, when compared to municipalities of size 5, 6 or 7; the previous assessment by primary care team of Covid-19 cases reported in the health care networks was 32% more prevalent in municipalities with medium human development index compared to municipalities with very high human development index. On the other hand, the follow-up of users with flu-like syndrome, considered to be in the risk group for the development of the severe form of Covid-19, every 24 hours and via telephone, was 14% and 89% more prevalent in municipalities with medium human development index, respectively, than in municipalities with high and very high human development index, and 66% more prevalent in municipalities with high human development index compared to those with very high human development index. Regarding the use of technologies for telecare in pre-clinical care, diagnoses, case follow-up and consultations, it was 31% more prevalent in municipalities with primary care team coverage of less than 25% when compared to municipalities with primary care team coverage equal to 75% or more and 36% more prevalent in municipalities with primary care team coverage between 50% and 74.99% than in municipalities with primary care team coverage equal to or greater than 75%, being 24% more prevalent in municipalities with family health team coverage between 25% and 49.99% than in municipalities with coverage equal to or greater than 75%. It is concluded that the 17 regional health departments of the State of São Paulo reorganized primary health care care to cope with the Covid-19 pandemic; however, they presented similarities and differences, depending on the human development index of the municipality, size and type of service offered by this level of care.
Autonomia e controle: percepções de trabalhadoras da beleza sobre o trabalho plataformizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-26) Cucchieri, Lucia Mendes; Pires, Aline Suelen; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8860270341724853; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3006463195233304
This research sought to understand and analyze the perceptions of beauty workers that provide services through digital platforms regarding their autonomy at work and the forms of control to which they are subjected. Given the growing presence of digital platforms in the world of work and the increase in studies in Sociology that deal with this topic, our research sought to analyze how platformization is established in an occupation that is already, traditionally, feminine and precarious, and what is the workers perception of these work dynamics – with a special focus on aspects of autonomy and control. Thus, we seek to contribute to a greater understanding of how the issue of gender is explored within platformization. The research was mainly conducted through semi-structured interviews with manicurists who work on the main Brazilian beauty delivery app. At the same time, we also collected data from the company's social networks and media. Among our results, we can highlight that manicurists perceive greater autonomy in service via app, compared to the work in beauty salons (but less, compared to private home service). This perception is mainly due to the flexibility of working hours provided by the platform, which represent, for several of our interviewees, the possibility of reconciling paid work with domestic and care work.
Análise modal e estática aeroelástica de uma semi-asa alterando a pressão dinâmica e ângulo de ataque via NASTRAN
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-26) Fraga, Luiz Leonardo Silva; Franco, Vitor Ramos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4590258470207467
Modern aircraft have benefited from the use of more efficient, in terms of weight, and flexible wing structures to better adapt to the aerodynamic loads present during flight. High speeds and different values of angle of attack change the aerodynamic loading, causing different deformations or resonant vibrations that can damage the structural integrity of the wing. Therefore, studies in the field of aeroelasticity are necessary to guarantee positive safety margins during the structural design stages of a wing. This work focuses on the application of knowledge and analysis techniques in finite elements for aeroelastic modal and static analyses, with an emphasis on the NASTRAN software, for a half-wing. Developed in the 1960s by NASA in collaboration with the aerospace industry, NASTRAN represented a milestone in aerospace engineering and its creation was in response to the growing need to analyze and design complex structures. Among the existing solutions in NASTRAN, this work focuses on the modal solution, identifying the first natural vibration frequencies of the numerical model of the half-wing, and on the aeroelastic static solution whose function is to evaluate the final displacement at the tip of the half-wing in due to the variables angle of attack and dynamic pressure, verifying their influence on the displacement profile.