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Aproveitamento do biogás como fonte energética: Uma revisão sobre as principais barreiras à difusão do sistema tecnológico de inovação do biogás no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-03) Ximenes, Robert Dias; Faria, Luiz Carlos de; Yamaji, Fábio Minoru; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4787449634914831; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5493565589707272; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9018-4322
This work addresses the barriers that hinder the dissemination of biogas in Brazil, focusing on identifying the main difficulties faced in the development of the Brazilian Biogas Innovation Technological System (STIBB). Through a bibliographical review, barriers were identified such as the lack of specific regulation for biogas as a renewable source, the lack of specialized financing programs, uncertainty about the destination of process residues, challenges in integration with the grid electricity and public natural gas network, the high implementation costs, the shortage of qualified professionals and the significant operational costs. Overcoming institutional, economic, political and information barriers is crucial to boost biogas production in Brazil, taking advantage of the potential of available organic waste and contributing to a cleaner, more diverse and sustainable energy matrix. The importance of continuity and consistency of public policies is highlighted to create an environment conducive to the growth and sustainability of the biogas sector. It is essential that there is an alignment between government actions and public-private partnerships, aiming to promote the development of the Biogas Innovation Technological System (STIBB) and guarantee the long-term viability of this renewable energy source.
Análise de peptídeos antimicrobianos na formiga Odontomachus chelifer (Latreille, 1802) (Formicidae: Ponerinae) a partir de dados transcriptômicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-03) Menk, Josilene de Jesus; Rodrigues, Renata Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2516569970975669; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3779-5236; Silva, Flávio Henrique da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1757309852446263; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3329-4597; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2722234176107372; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7493-2984
Hymenopteran venoms contain a complex mixture of potent bioactive substances, which have potential biotechnological applications. Ant venoms are composed of formic acid, alkaloids, biogenic amines, enzymes, hydrocarbons, peptides, polypeptides and proteins. These components have antifungal, antiparasitic, antimicrobial, antiviral, phospholipase, cytolytic and neurotoxic properties. The venom of the species Odontomachus chelifer, a carnivorous ant, was investigated in this study in an novel way. O. chelifer is a carnivorous, nocturnal, large ant with an anatomical body characteristic of its species, featuring a robust mandible. Its sting causes acute and intense pain, prolonged itching and burning. In this study, we investigated, using in silico techniques, the peptides that make up a supposed antimicrobial arsenal from the venom gland of the neotropical ant Odontomachus chelifer. Based on transcripts from the body and venom gland of this insect, it was possible to determine the secretome of the gland, which contained around 1,022 peptides with supposed signaling peptides. Most of these peptides (75.5%) were unknown and did not correspond to any reference database, motivating us to extract functional information using techniques based on automated data analysis. We used several complementary methodologies such as transcriptomic data to investigate the existence of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in the venom gland of O. chelifer, finding 112 non-redundant candidates. The PAMs were submitted to online bioinformatics tools (AI4AMP, AMPlify, AMP Scanner v2, amPEPpy, Macrel v.1.2.0, UNIPROT version 2022_05, CPAMR3, CAMPSign, Blastp) and the NCBI database. The candidate AMPs were predicted to be more globular and hemolytic than the remaining peptides in the secretome. There is evidence of transcription for 97% of the candidate AMPs in the same genus of ants, with one of them also verified as translated, thus supporting our findings. Most of these sequences with antimicrobial potential (94.8%) corresponded to transcripts from the ant's body, indicating their role not only as venom toxins.