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Tabuleiro virtual para ensino de eletricidade no ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-15)
Christofani, Plínio Cesar
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Soares, Antonio Augusto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8093480629202515
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1764487226380709
The master's thesis deals with the application of games as a learning tool. A game was developed so that students can study electricity concepts on their cell phones with the Android operating system.
Práticas de ensino de habilidades para estabelecimento e manutenção da aliança terapêutica no contexto da psicoterapia: uma revisão da literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-15)
Ribeiro, Beatriz Brandão
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Barham, Elizabeth Joan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9868595523538592
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7270-4918
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1443620695376754
Therapeutic alliance refers to the quality and strength of the collaborative relationship between client and therapist, which is built as the therapeutic process unfolds. There is evidence that a well-established therapeutic alliance is one of the main predictors of positive outcomes in the therapeutic process for the client. However, overall, the skills required to form this bond are not systematically taught in undergraduate courses, nor are they based on evidence regarding the effectiveness of methods for teaching thes skills. In light of this, the objectives of the present study were to analyze the academic literature in order to describe: (a) the scientific rigor of the study designs employed, (b) the characteristics of intervention programs offered to teach skills for establishing and maintaining the therapeutic bond to clinical psychology students, and (c) the effects of the programs on students' repertoire and the quality of the therapeutic alliance formed with their clients. The method employed was a systematic review, following the updated version of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The methodological quality of each study was assessed based on the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. A total of 268 publications were identified in four databases (Scientific Electronic Library Online - SciELO, PsycNET - APA, PubMed, and BVS) and imported into the Rayyan program. After the identification, screening, and abstract reading stages, 18 studies were selected for analysis. After reading the full papers to determine eligibility, nine studies were included in the systematic review. The results show that there are programs for training alliance skills (alliance focused training - AFT). Some of the skills taught involve building bonds, aswell as skills to repair ruptures in this affective bond. Relationship aspects involving commitment to the therapeutic process were also addressed. Three main strategies were found for teaching these skills: video feedbacks and role-plays activities. However, there is limited evidence regarding the effects of the programs. The main limitation of the review conducted is the multiplicity of terms being used in this area, so some relevant texts may not have been identified. In future studies, it will be important to invest in the development of an AFT program for use in Brazil, verifying the effectiveness of the teaching process with multiple informants (e.g., supervisors, therapists, clients, and observers not connected to the first three groups of informants). In this way, it will be possible to contribute to improvements in the quality of training for Brazilian psychologists and, therefore, to the effects of the psychotherapeutic services provided
Análise de indícios de alfabetização científica no desenvolvimento de projeto STEAM: olhando para as meninas na ciência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-16)
Inácio, Érica Fátima
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Zanon, Dulcimeire Aparecida Volante
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1811225448261362
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3728-6175
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2477791352072471
The increase in the number of women in the labor market has been a prevailing trend in Brazil in recent years. Nonetheless, the literature underscores the invisibility of women in science and their integration into the workforce. The ascent of women in this domain remains symbolic vis-à-vis the extensive spectrum of opportunities available. One plausible explanation for the gender disparity may be attributed to societal stereotypes suggesting divergent aptitudes for specific career paths between genders. These stereotypes have adversely affected the motivation and interest of female students in scientific disciplines during their educational trajectory. Against this backdrop, the research aims to probe the following inquiry: What manifestations of Scientific Literacy can be discerned in the execution of a project from the STEAM perspective by female students in Middle School II? The scrutinized project, titled "Readings: a platform aiding in alleviating reading challenges for children with ADHD and dyslexia," was conceived and implemented by three female students in the 9th grade of Middle School II. This endeavor addressed tangible issues, offering contextualized and interdisciplinary content, endeavoring to proffer feasible solutions or prototypes. The research data were amassed during Integrated Axis sessions at a SESI school situated in the hinterlands of São Paulo state. Data gathering transpired through a journal maintained by participating students and supplemented by an interview conducted by the instructor-researcher. Data analysis was underpinned by the categories of Scientific Literacy (SL) entwined with the aims and objectives of science education, encompassing practical, civic, and cultural dimensions. Besides these, additional dimensions pertinent to the acquisition of scientific knowledge were assimilated, such as functional, conceptual, procedural, and the overarching multidimensional dimension. Across the project's duration, signs of Scientific Literacy permeated all categories. The students evinced progressive development in scientific knowledge and prowess, alongside embracing a more discerning stance consonant with the tenets of Scientific Literacy. These findings underscore the imperative of fostering and bolstering female participation in STEAM initiatives, with the aim of catalyzing heightened interest and motivation in scientific disciplines and advancing gender parity in the realms of science and technology. Furthermore, they underscore the significance of Scientific Literacy as an instrument for empowering youth to comprehend and actively engage in the scientific and technological milieu, thereby contributing to the cultivation of a more critically engaged society. Keywords: Scientific Literacy; Science; Elementary Education; Girls; STEAM.
Energia eólica no Brasil: trajetória, tecnologia e os ventos do mercado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-16)
Peruchi, Paulo Renato
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Andrade, Thales Haddad Novaes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5882842888759363
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-3527
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Donadone, Julio César
The present work aims to understand the trajectory of wind energy in Brazil and its technological development, as well as the logic and control concepts that have contributed to its construction. To this end, it addresses the period (2002-2022) and seeks to verify how possible interactions between different elements and social spaces can affect technological development, and uses the theoretical support of Technological Systems and elements of Economic Sociology, Sociology of Markets and Scientific and Technological Policy (PCT), providing a broad and interdisciplinary approach inherent to studies in the STS field. In this sense, wind energy in Brazil is analyzed using different perspectives: Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI), Brazilian Wind Energy Association (ABEEÓLICA), research carried out in Brazilian universities and the national production of wind turbines. The data and analyzes carried out point to the centrality of Energy Policy in the trajectory of wind energy in Brazil, as well as the rapprochement of the national wind sector with the market and with elements of economic-financial logic, which contributed to the large growth in installed capacity and for the construction of the market related to wind energy, however it limited the technological development in question. Regarding the MCTI perspective for wind energy, the research provides reflections regarding the approach to the market and the emergence of a concept of control carried out by intermediaries.
Altas habilidades ou superdotação: indicação na educação superior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-16)
Lafaiette, Heloisa de Lima
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Koga, Fabiana Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2374819863188673
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4646-1537
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Rangni, Rosemeire de Araújo
The 2022 Census of Higher Education indicates a total of 9,444,116 students enrollments, of which only 2,969 are registered as Gifted. Based on this, the general aim of the research was to identify Gifted students in a graduating class at a public university in the state of São Paulo. It was a descriptive and qualitative study. Eight (8) students and eight (8) people were nominated by them as second sources and agreed to take part in the study, summing up sixteen (16) participants. The instruments used for this purpose were: Questionnaire for Identifying Indicators of High Ability/Giftedness in Adults (QIIAHSD - Adults) and Questionnaire for Identifying Indicators of High Ability/Giftedness in Adults (QIIAHSD - Adults - Second Source). The results pointed out that, among the eight participating students, three (3) were indicated with giftedness; confirmed by their respective second sources. The most frequent characteristics presented were: creativity, problem solving and leadership.
Síntese, caracterização e investigação das propriedades antitumorais in vitro em modelos 2D e 3D de compostos de coordenação de Pd(II) com tiossemicarbazidas e bis(difenilfosfina)alcanos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-16)
Fortaleza, Dario Batista
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Rocha, Fillipe Vieira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5841127259122766
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5117-871X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4073467011134843
The increasing incidence of cancer highlights the urgent need to develop new molecules with therapeutic potential. In this context, this study presents the synthesis and characterisation of six new Pt(II) complexes containing derivatives of thiosemicarbazides and bis(diphenylphosphines). The compounds were analysed using techniques such as 1H and 31P NMR spectroscopy, high resolution mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, molar conductivity and single crystal X-ray diffraction where available. These approaches allowed the identification of a molecular structure with a flat square geometry around the metal ion, with the ligands coordinating in a bidentate manner. In addition, lipophilicity and stability in different solutions were evaluated, as well as interaction assays with biomolecules, including DNA, topoisomerase and HSA, to understand the mode of action of the compounds and their ability to be transported by the organism. The antitumour properties of all the compounds were evaluated in various tumour cell lines, including breast (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231), ovarian (A2780 and A2780cis), lung (A549) and prostate (Du-145) cancers and non-tumour lung cells (MRC-5). Among the complexes tested, the PdB3 complex showed the best results against ovarian and breast tumour cells, with an IC50 value of approximately 1µM. In addition, PdB3 showed the ability to inhibit cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner in colony formation assays. Cell morphology, cell cycle and flow cytometry assays indicated that the compounds induced cell death by apoptosis. These promising results were further validated in a more physiologically relevant context with assays performed in 3D cell cultures (spheroids). The results demonstrated the superior cytotoxic potential of PdB3 compared to cisplatin in the cisplatin-resistant A2780cis cell line. This highlights the potential of the structurally simple compounds synthesised in this study and suggests that this molecular scaffold could be an important strategy in the development of effective anti-tumour agents.
Medicamentos genéricos e o perfil de dissolução comparativo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-17)
Santos Filho, Ivan José dos
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Carneiro, Renato Lajarim
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8065852319463976
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6857-2190
This study investigates the relevance of comparative dissolution profile in the evalu-ation of generic drugs in Brazil, focusing on ensuring therapeutic equivalence with their reference drugs. Initially, the regulatory requirements of ANVISA are examined to prove bioequivalence through dissolution tests. These tests aim to demonstrate that generic drugs release the active ingredient in a similar manner and within the same timeframe as the reference drug. Statistical analysis of the dissolution test re-sults plays a crucial role in determining the significance of differences observed in the dissolution profiles of the compared products. The research method adopted in this study is a literature review, which includes systematic review of scientific arti-cles, regulatory standards, and relevant technical documents on dissolution profile. This approach provides a comprehensive analysis of the current guidelines and practices in bioequivalence assessment, emphasizing the importance of dissolution tests in ensuring the quality and safety of generic drugs available in the Brazilian market.
O componente arbóreo em sistemas pecuários e propriedades rurais familiares: escolha de espécies e percepção por agricultores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-17)
Berteloni, Daves Giovanni
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Sais, Adriana Cavalieri
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0115095851353833
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5169-882X
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Oliveira, Renata Evangelista de
The arboreal component performs multiple functions in pasture systems, providing various benefits that rural producers perceive and appreciate. This study aimed to map and quantify the presence of the arboreal component across eight rural properties with livestock production systems in Corumbataí, SP. Additionally, property visits were conducted to identify the functions and values attributed to this component by owners. The areas of pasture and arrangements of the arboreal component within and outside these areas were identified and quantified, categorized as follows: isolated trees (n=8), border plantings (n=3), natural remnants (n=8), tree clusters (n=8), and commercial tree plantations (n=2). No statistically significant correlations were found between the variables tested. It was observed that isolated trees and tree clusters are predominantly present in pasture areas. Interviews revealed mention of 31 tree species from 18 botanical families. Five functions were attributed to the arboreal component, with shade provision for livestock in pastures being prominently mentioned. These functions were associated with three ecosystem services. In conclusion, despite farmers’ primary focus on the productive aspects of the arboreal component, they recognize and value its multifunctionality. This underscores the significance of trees on properties in environmental, social, and economic contexts.
Correndo pelas bordas? trajetórias educativas e laborais de jovens mulheres do audiovisual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-17)
Justino, Jeniffer Cristina Ferreira
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Corrochano, Maria Carla
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7714353975585252
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8030-6461
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8521090506758004
This investigation seeks to understand the relationships of young women working in the Audiovisual field—considering cinema, radio, TV, photography, and various ways of working in the area—identifying possible strategies for insertion and permanence in work and education, whether they are individual and/or collective. That is, the aim is to examine the narratives of these young women, particularly how they organize themselves to tackle the challenges of the labor world and identify the potential relationships these young women establish and/or have established in this context, whether through collectives, territory, workspaces, educational spaces, or any other shared environments. To achieve this, semi-structured interviews were conducted with five young women aged 20 to 30 in the city of São Paulo, with the purpose of listening to and documenting their narratives, as well as understanding the relationships they establish/established with the labor world of Audiovisual, their challenges, their aspirations, and the possible forms of organization for their insertion and permanence in the field amid the precariousness and transformations stemming from a capitalism that continually reinvents itself and contributes to the intensification of social asymmetries. In general, the investigation is based on contributions, reflections, and perspectives regarding Youth/Work, Gender/Work, and Audiovisual to understand the narratives of these young women in the Audiovisual field. Thus, considering the specificities and singularities of work in the Audiovisual sector, the results reveal that the insertion and permanence trajectories of the five young women are deeply impacted by inequalities of gender, race, and class. Their narratives highlight the importance of support networks and resistance strategies to confront the structural barriers of the sector. Despite precarity and intense work hours, these young women create their own routes 'through the margins,' their own bridges, transforming the audiovisual space into a place of struggle, survival, and social transformation. For them, the Audiovisual is both the poison and the antidote.
Tereza Batista, cansada de guerra: o romance de Jorge Amado sob olhares femininos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-17)
Belmont, Fabiana de Paula Silva
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Grotto, Livia Fernanda de Paula
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3351975483715302
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9755-8881
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7455798118934557
Esta disertación propone un análisis de la lectura de la novela Tereza Batista, Cansada de Guerra (TB), de Jorge Amado (1972), realizada por estudiantes y empleados de la Escuela Estatal Nilo Coelho (Ministro Andreazza, RO). La investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar y analizar interpretaciones y sentimientos de mujeres contemporáneas sobre la novela TB, buscando enfatizar y valorar las experiencias de estas mujeres. Las discusiones ocurrió en línea. Durante los encuentros se abordaron temas como el machismo femenino y masculino, así como la violencia física, verbal y sexual que sufren las mujeres, destacando la importancia de la literatura en la formación de los estudiantes y la capacidad de la novela para sensibilizar a los lectores sobre temas como como violencia de género. La disertación se estructura en tres capítulos, con énfasis en el análisis de las opiniones de los participantes, estudios académicos sobre la novela y reflexiones sobre escenas específicas del libro. La principal base teórico práctica se encuentra en la alfabetización literaria de Rildo Cosson (2009) y en la teorización de Umberto Eco (1979, 1994) sobre el lector modelo, mostrando cómo una obra literaria puede ser reinterpretada a la luz de nuevos contextos sociales, político y cultural, demostrando su capacidad para seguir siendo significativo y relevante en el tiempo. Además, este trabajo destaca una visión profunda de las perspectivas femeninas dedicadas a la novela de Jorge Amado, promoviendo debates significativos sobre cuestiones de género y alfabetización literaria, y destacando la importancia de escuchar y valorar las experiencias de las mujeres dentro de un contexto específico. También aborda estrategias para promover la lectura literaria en el aula.
De novo a mesma história… discursos sobre a leitura e os leitores no Programa Conta pra Mim (MEC-2019)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-17)
Fancio, Adriana Cicera Amaral
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Curcino, Luzmara
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4849994635754652
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3555-1446
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1240130812858377
There have been many discussions about the need for public policies to promote reading in Brazil, especially initiatives that effectively target the socioeconomically vulnerable population. Over time, many projects, campaigns and programs have been formulated and disseminated to the population as a means of fostering interest in reading and the habit of reading. However, many of these programs were doomed to failure because they did not take into account the social and cultural reality of the target audience they claimed to contemplate and serve, nor did they tackle the causes of our unequal access to reading. What many of these projects, campaigns and programs disregard – due to negligence, strategy, or simply a lack of awareness – is the relationship between the Brazilian reality and government actions in promoting legitimized cultural practices. Thus, many children, young people and adults remain without access to an effective and efficient learning of reading, nor to quality books in abundance, to spaces and circumstances where readers can socialize, or to sufficient quality time for reading, all of which have an impact on how equality and equity of rights are promoted in our country, such as the right to be a reader, and the right to culture transmitted through books. The lack of equity results from the sociocultural gap between “heirs” and “non-heirs” (CHARTIER, 2019). In order to contribute to a better understanding of these mismatches between public policies related to the promotion of reading and the actual needs of the audiences they claim to be aimed at, we carried out qualitative research of an analytical nature, anchored in the theoretical principles of Discourse Analysis, especially those described by Michel Foucault, and the Cultural History of Reading, according to Roger Chartier, with regard mainly to his description of the representations of the popular reader throughout history. In line with the research carried out at the Laboratory of Reading Studies (LIRE - CNPq/UFSCar), in this thesis we aimed to decipher discourses on reading by describing and interpreting statements from the set of documents institutionalizing and promoting a Federal Government program, created by the Ministry of Education, entitled Conta pra Mim (2019), which is aimed – as the name suggests (in Portuguese, it means “Tell Me”) – at promoting the practice of “Family Literacy”. The analysis of the data allowed us to observe a considerable disparity between what is stated in the Program’s Directive 421, Article 2 – which states that its target audience is comprised of “families in vulnerable situations” – and what is shown in the campaigns and videos promoting the Program, whose representations of the public could not be more unrelated to the actual material conditions of the Brazilian families for whom the Program is intended. In addition to this disparity, we observed the absence and erasure of “fracturing” themes (FONSECA, 2015) in the Program’s proposed readings collection, in a clearly moralizing attempt to “sweeten” reality, which provides evidence not only of a complete detachment from the material life of the public which it claims to address, but also of an erroneous view of children's literature, guided by moralizing purposes. In these texts, there is also no representation of the ethnic-racial diversity of the Brazilian people, with the illustrations revealing a whitening ideology (HOFBAUER, 2000) in the representation of the characters in the works adapted for the Conta pra Mim (2020) collection. Prioritizing homeschooling practices, the Program, instead of effectively promoting emancipatory and critical reading practices, is built on a poor view of the “middle audience”, i.e., parents and guardians for whom the reading guidelines and book recommendations are intended, as well as a tutelary and moralistic approach to children – the end audience – favoring adaptations of low aesthetic quality, with a pragmatic-moralizing bias, thus deepening the already existing gap between social groups in the country. These are some of the results we arrived at and which we describe more fully throughout the thesis.
Biomassa como alternativa aos combustíveis fósseis e a sua conversão em produtos com valor agregado empregando fotocatálise
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-20)
Martinez, Alice Karoline de Almeida
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Corrêa, Arlene Gonçalves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7425467156776144
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-2228
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4564844871404847
Environmental issues related to the use of fossil fuels are a global concern. The exploitation of these resources causes several problems, from leaks that contaminate the water, to the emission of greenhouse gases. In this context, the research for more sustainable alternatives to replace these fossil fuels, like petroleum derivatives, is gaining prominence. Numerous processes in the chemical industry involve the use of biomass, such as the production of sugar, paper, cellulose and soybean oil, for example. The biomass residue can be a renewable source of raw materials similar to petroleum. Catalysis is one of the 12 principles of Green Chemistry and is directly linked to process improvements, such as increasing yield and selectivity, and decreasing reaction time. Photocatalysis is a form of catalysis that has been widely studied, as it represents a green alternative for supplying energy for reactions and also for favoring, under mild conditions, some reactions that are difficult to carry out under conventional heating or by other catalysts. Therefore, in this work, a literature review was carried out on the photocatalytic process for the conversion of biomass into value-added compounds, such as 5-hydroxy-methylfurfural (5-HMF), and levulinic (LA), 3-hydroxypropionic (3-HP), furandicarboxylic and fumaric acids.
O Plantão Psicológico como um possível dispositivo de cuidado em saúde mental no contexto universitário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-20)
Pereira, Glauce Alves
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Fioroni, Luciana Nogueira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8086810053892035
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Martini, Larissa Campagna
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8969823407559809
In face of the significant demand for support in the care of psychological suffering in university community and the gaps in the mental health policy for this group, it has been observed the need for Psychology, as an area of mental health, to take care to the context in which these individuals are placed. Objectives: This study aimed to discuss, through a Case Study, the viability of Psychological duty as a resource for mental health care in the university environment. Methodology: This is a Case Study, with a qualitative approach, including the description of the organization, implementation and evolution of a project called Psychological Duty (Plantão Psicológico). Results: The proposal emerged from a specific demand from one of the departments of a federal public university. The psychoanalytic approach was used as a theoretical and practical foundation to structure the physical space, compose the work team and establish opening hours, in addition to analyzing and guiding emerging emotional demands. Data analysis: The data was analyzed using thematic analysis, considering 3 moments: 1. From the proposal to the organization of the duty; this moment was dedicated to the concrete needs for the functioning of the duty, organization of the environment and work team, where the articulation of theory and practice were present, taking into account the ethical guidelines for the functioning of the Psychological Duty. 2. The psychoanalytic technique in Psychological Duty assistance; moment in which the gaze was focused on emotional emergencies, helping the individual to perceive the intensity of emerging emotions and take ownership of the need to find the possibility of coping. 3. Finalization of the Psychological Duty proposal; At a time when the project was confronted with the gaps found in health policies, the needs of the team on duty staff who participated in the project and the project's lack of connection with other mental health care facilities for the university public, affected the project's initial proposal. Conclusions: It was observed that the Psychological Duty, aligned with the purpose of promoting, preventing, and protecting the collective mental health of the involved university community, can be considered a relevant resource for the psychological care of this public. It is worth emphasizing the importance of building a support network alongside other mental health services to ensure longitudinal care.
"Você por acaso sabe ler?": uma análise discursiva de injúrias relativas à leitura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-20)
Cervezão, Marina Vieira
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Curcino, Luzmara
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4849994635754652
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1807417439303510
This Masters dissertation here presented, in line with the researches accomplished by the group LIRE, has as its main objective to analyze speeches about reading, more specifically, to approach the ways of expression of the ‘shame’ and ‘pride’ related to this practice, in the condition of being or not a reader, in statements that came from news of the Brazilian media as well as in personal Brazilian blogs, in which the reading is summoned as a way to stablish hierarchies between the subjects, under the way of insult, harassment and cultural and social injury (SENNAT; COBB, 1972). Over this Masters research, we have raised and analyzed statements collected along digital news texts and, also, personal Brazilian blogs that approached, even if it was briefly and accessorily, the reading, mentioned as a way at the same time to humiliate and downgrade ones and praise others. It was collected a total of ten statements, in which the use of the reading was brought up; from these, we analyzed a total of nine, which were the ones that brought statements with the intuition of the injury, the unworthiness. We believe that the low number of analyze is given for two main reasons: i) the difficulty of catching the statements in which the reading is taken as an aspect of intellectual unworthiness; and ii) the fact that this kind of statement brings up a shame to the interlocutor, preventing him of exposure. This peculiar use of the reading is part of the arguments related to the constitutive cultural gesture of our collective identity as affirms DaMatta (1990), the one from “Do you know who you are talking to?”. Because it is a practice which full exercise is restrict to just a few, it maintains along us as a way of distinction and, for this reason, it is mobilized as a “triumph” to reestablish and remind sociocultural hierarchies to that who should be “put in their correct place”. We present in this dissertation some reflection about the discursive work of the injuries related to the reading. For this analysis, we were supported by the reflections of Brazilian researchers about the reading in Brazil, such as Abreu (2001a, 2001b, 2005, 2006a, 2006b), Britto (2015), Barzotto e Britto (1998) and other member of the study group LIRE (CNPQ/UFSCar), with special attention to the works related to the emotions and the reading from Curcino (2022, 2024a) and Silva e Curcino (2022), questiong for an articulation to the considerations about the “social injury” and the dequalification of the subjects, according to the reflections of Sennet e Cobb (1972) and DaMatta (1990).
Sustentabilidade de sistemas agroflorestais do Vale do Ribeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-21)
Nascimento Júnior, José Ricardo de Oliveira
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Brancalion, Pedro Henrique Santin
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Fontanetti, Anastácia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8146112647703002
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3598362104615834
The production of food and agroforestry products focuses on environmental, social and economic sustainability. However, there are few studies that assess the sustainability of agroforestry systems (AFSs) in these three dimensions simultaneously. The objective of this study was to assess the sustainability of AFSs in the Ribeira Valley region of São Paulo, using social, environmental and economic indicators and indexes, as well as an overall sustainability index for AFSs of different complexities. The areas were classified as Biodiverse AFSs (BIOD) when they had at least 10 native regional tree species and at least 200 trees/ha. Areas that did not comply with these criteria, but met the general definition of AFS, were classified as Simplified AFS (SIMP). A questionnaire was applied to 9 producers to obtain their profile and that of their properties, in the municipalities of Sete Barras, Registro, Eldorado and Pariquera-Açu. To collect field data, samples were collected from 900 m2 plots in the agricultural production area of these properties. The following data were obtained: geographic location of the property; physical-chemical analyses of the soil; deposition of litter and complete forest inventory. The total number of plots was 11, ranging from Biodiverse Agroforestry Systems (04) to Simplified Agroforestry Systems (07). The five social indicators used were: “Family Income”, “Education Level”, “Job Generation”, “Water Security” and “Sewage Treatment”. The seven environmental indicators used were: “Compliance with the Native Vegetation Protection Law (LPVN)”, “No Agrochemicals (or Agricultural Defensives)”, “AGB (Above Ground Biomass)”, “Number of trees/ha”, “Shannon Index”, “Proportion of Regional Native Tree Species”, “Tree Species Richness”. The six economic indicators used were: “Target Market”, “Soil pH”, “Perception of Profitability”, “Has Certification”, “Receives Technical Assistance”, “Product Valuation”. The indices were calculated based on the result of the corresponding indicators, through the average of the normalized values between 0 and 1. The Sustainability Index was calculated through the average of the social, environmental and economic indices. It was observed that the producer's level of education and the certification of organic products directly interfere in the perception of profitability. BIOD AFSs present greater Environmental Sustainability when compared to SIMP AFSs and, environmentally, are similar to areas of Natural Vegetation Regeneration. There was no statistical difference between the social, economic and general index indicators and indices. These results reinforce the use of AFSs as a tool for mitigating climate change, as they promote environmental gains and are equivalent to more simplified production models in social and economic issues. It is important to highlight that sustainability is an ongoing process, and it is necessary to evaluate it regularly to ensure its continuity.
Modelagem física de plataformas de transferência de cargas reforçadas com geogrelhas sobre colunas granulares encamisadas utilizando solos transparentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-21)
Vieira, Andréa Maria Pereira
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Araujo, Gregório Luis Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6075465233665208
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4524-8846
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Portelinha, Fernando Henrique Martins
One effective approach to address the challenges posed by constructions on soft soils is the use of embankments supported by granular columns. These columns offer advantages such as enhancing soil bearing ability, minimizing drainage pathways, and mitigating settlements. It's customary to incorporate a layer of granular material atop the columns, akin to practices in pile-supported embankments, serving as a drainage base and aiding in load transfer to the superstructures. Nonetheless, the mechanisms and behaviors associated with load transfer platforms on granular columns may diverge from those of pile-supported structures, owing to the columns' lower stiffness compared to piles. Understanding these mechanisms in geotechnical contexts is a complex task, which requires a comprehensive view of the problem. The advent of transparent geotechnical materials, mirroring real soil characteristics, enables thorough problem modeling with extensive visualization and precise displacement and deformation quantification, thus helping system behavior analysis and interpretation. In this context, this study aimed to develop a scaled physical model of an embankment on soft soil reinforced with encased granular columns, employing a stratified system of transparent soils. The soft soil was simulated using a 150 mm layer of transparent synthetic clay, made with Laponite RD® and Sodium Pyrophosphate Decahydrate (PSD), reinforced with two encased granular columns of 50 mm in diameter. The granular base layer used as a load transfer platform (LTP) was composed of alternating layers of transparent synthetic sand and geosynthetic reinforcement. This model helped soil behavior analysis using digital image correlation (DIC), fostering comprehension of stress transfer mechanisms in embankment systems with load transfer platforms supported on improved soft soil with encased granular columns. Additionally, it evaluated the impact of geogrid use as reinforcement. Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that the materials used were suitable for simulating the problem. Overall, the use of geogrids was able to reduce vertical displacements and the part of load transferred to the soft soil.
Propriedades microestruturais e elétricas de nanoestruturas de WO3 puras e dopadas com Mn
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-21)
Palma, João Victor Nascimento de
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Avansi Junior, Waldir
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Silva, Luís Fernando da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7422167106177474
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6257-5537
Tungsten trioxide (WO3) is an n-type wide bandgap semiconductor that has been widely studied due to its properties, being used in the generation of electricity “water splitting”, catalysis, gas sensors, among others. Traditionally, gas sensors require relatively high heating temperatures (>150°C) for surface/gas reactions to be activated. Some studies report that photostimulation can be an efficient strategy to replace thermal activation. Despite promising results, the high recombination rate of photogenerated charge carriers has been one of the disadvantages of photostimulated gas sensors. Therefore, in this work we aimed to synthesize nanostructures of W1−xMnxO3 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 3.0%; WMO) using the polymeric precursor method to be applied as photostimulated gas sensors. The samples were characterized by different techniques, such as thermogravimetric analysis, differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, electrical measurements were carried out on samples from the WMO system in the absence and presence of gas, and the effect of photostimulation on the sensing properties was also evaluated. Xray diffraction (XRD) measurements revealed the crystallization of the pure WO3 sample for thermal treatments carried out above 450°C, presenting the monoclinic structure of WO3. Furthermore, XRD measurements, Raman spectroscopy and XANES spectroscopy indicated that the addition of Mn ions did not modify the crystalline structure of WO3, however, the presence of a secondary phase, MnWO4, was identified. Scanning electron microscopy analyzes confirmed the nanometric nature of the WMO samples, with particle size increasing as a function of Mn content, i.e., from 102 nm to 370 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements allowed identifying the presence of Mn2+ in all samples, in addition to indicating the increase in oxygen deficiency in samples with the concentration of Mn. Regarding the electrical characterization of the samples, the measurements showed that the WMO samples were photosensitive to UV, besides they exhibited typical varistor behavior. The evaluation of the sensor performance of the WMO samples showed that they were all sensitive to oxidizing gases (O3 and NO2) at room temperature and under photostimulation. Regarding the influence of Mn ions, the measurements revealed that the samples exhibited a good detection range for NO2 gas (100 to 1000 ppb), and good selectivity for reducing gases (CO and NH3). Moreover, the addition of Mn ions caused an increase in the sensing response to NO2 gas, which was attributed to the good separation of photogenerated charge carriers due to the presence of the MnWO4 secondary phase.
Sucesso escolar no Espaço Cooperativo de Aprendizagem Horizonte: perspectivas de estudantes multirrepetentes e seus professores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-22)
Busatte, Flávia Camargo
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Reyes, Claudia Raimundo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5187942717120318
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0692-3020
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6648855624008675
The present study addresses the investigation of the school experiences of students experiencing educational lag, enrolled in 2023 at the Horizonte Learning Cooperative Space (ECAH), a project of the Poços de Caldas Municipal Department of Education, MG:aiming to identify elements that may contribute to the academic success of these students. To this end, the following research question was proposed: What are the elements present in Espaço Cooperativo de Aprendizagem Horizonte (ECAH) that have the potential to promote academic success of students with a history of academic failure? In order to answer this question, the following objectives were proposed: (a) Identify the ECAH elements that can stimulate the academic success of students with a history of academic failure, considering their previous difficulties. (b) Understand these students’ academic experiences in order to identify relevant elements that may contribute to their education improvement, with academic success as the central objective. (c) Analyze how ECAH addresses and work on these issues, identifying pedagogical practices, strategies, and elements that favor the academic success of participating students, especially those with challenges stemming from past academic failures. The research methodology was a qualitative case study, and data collection techniques included group discussions and semi- structured interviews with ECAH’s both students and teachers. The theoretical-methodological principles of Paulo Freire’s theory were considered, highlighting the importance of dialogue, pedagogical praxis, and emancipation in education, used as analysis categories. The students’ statements during group discussions and interviews, as well as the teachers’ expressions in interviews were used to establish relations between ECAH’s experiences outlined by theses voices and Paulo Freire’s theory. This study found that it is essential to establish an educational environment conducive to participation of both students and teachers in the sharing of knowledge, valuing reciprocal experiences. The adoption of a problem-posing approach is recommended, in which relevant topics for the students are critically explored. Furthermore, reflection is encouraged in line with action, enabling students to apply their learning to transform their reality. It is concluded that these elements form an interconnected network that guides the pursuit of quality education and social transformation, being fundamental to promote academic success and the emancipation of individuals.
Uso de larvas de Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus, 1758) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) para bioconversão de resíduos agroindustriais e uso do frass como fertilizante
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-22)
Bento, Rodrigo de Moura Manoel
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Marques, Rodrigo Neves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8945237946471247
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1003-3706
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8101307471720203
In a world where population growth, production and consumption are ever increasing, theproper disposal and treatment of waste raises concern. The Black Soldier Fly [Hermetia illucens(L., 1758] (Diptera : Stratiomyidae) is a neotropical fly which naturally occurs in North and SouthAmerica, including Brazil, and is now widely spread throughout the world. It has most of itsactivity during the larval development, in which it can consume large amounts of organic matter,and presents a short life cycle with grown flies unable to cross great distances and barelyfeeding. For over 30 years H. illucens has been studied due to its potential application in wastetreatment systems, however the majority of works focus on manure and sewage sludge and aretied to international contexts. This work aimed to evaluate the effectivity of using H. illucenslarvae to transform agroindustrial waste, presenting an alternative for lessening environmentalimpacts due to its disposal. H. illucens larvae were initially reared in standard diet of 30% soymeal, 20% corn flour and 50% wheat meal under 70% relative humidity and 12:12 h photoperiod,in 25o C, until adulthood. From this first group successful mating 40 larvae were randomlyselected and transferred to each of five replication of three different nourishment treatments:brewery solid waste (malt bagasse, fine trub and rough trub), agro-industrial residues fromminimal processing system and the standard diet as control. These treatments were kept under70% relative humidity at 27oC with lightcycle of 12 h. For each, were analyzed the developmenttime from larva to pupae and pupae into adult, the conversion of nourishment into insectbiomass, the dry matter of substrate consumed, adult’s length and sexual rate withinpopulations. Statistical analyzes were made using R software (v. 4.1.2) with a significance levelof p<0,05. We found that the diet based on agro-industrial residues from minimal processingsignificantly delayed the pupation (mean 29,92 days weighted against 18,68 days for brewerywaste diet and 15,27 days for standard diet) whereas the mean larval weight were reduced bythe brewery waste food (0,136g against 0,166g for standard diet and 0,172g for minimalprocessing’s). Changes in the sex ratio weren’t noticed. The reduction in substrate dry matterand its consequential incorporation to insect biomass were both bigger in larvae under standarddiet. The development of larvae in minimal processing residue increased the duration of thelarval period, while the weight of pre-pupae was shorter when fed with beer production residue.The best bioconversion index in the minimal processing residue, and the frass coming from thedevelopment in beer producing residue and standart diet are viable as fertilizers. New Worksare necessary with different compounds to prove the effectiveness of the H. illucens asbioconversion agents to agriculture.
Hibridização e educação 4.0: perspectivas para o futuro da EaD
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-22)
Dias, Danilo Augusto
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Mill, Daniel Ribeiro Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5349005982139589
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1515286597269486
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https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1374-7233
Ao analisarmos as perspectivas futuras para a educação a distância, compreendemos que o cenário que se apresenta é o de uma convergência dessa modalidade educativa com a educação presencial, resultando num processo de educação híbrida. Este ensaio se propõe a uma discussão da educação híbrida como novo campo educativo, criador de novas oportunidades de ensino e aprendizagem mais flexíveis e personalizadas. Por meio de uma discussão teórica, buscamos apresentar conceitos que conectam essa abordagem metodológica aos princípios da chamada Educação 4.0, que se caracteriza pela incorporação das tecnologias da 4ª Revolução Industrial ao processo educativo. Assim, concluímos que a Educação 4.0 é uma proposta que integra plenamente a educação híbrida, sendo uma tendência para o futuro próximo, bem como cria novos espaços que ex-pandem as possibilidades para a aquisição do conhecimento ao longo da vida do indivíduo.