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Melhoria da eficiência energética de comitês de classificadores de fluxo de dados para computação de borda
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-28)
Luna, Reginaldo
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Senger, Hermes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3691742159298316
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1273-9809
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2982663262422530
Edge computing (EC) has emerged as an architecture that can help reduce the energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions of digital technologies. Edge computing offers low latency, mobility, and location awareness for delay-sensitive devices, connecting cloud computing services to end-users. Machine learning (ML) methods have increasingly been used on edge devices for data classification and information processing. Classifier ensembles have demonstrated good predictive performance in data stream classification problems. The strategy called mini-batching was previously proposed in the literature to improve cache data reuse when executing classifier ensembles on multi-core architectures for online data stream classification. The strategy involves temporarily grouping data from a data stream and processing them together. As a result, mini-batching can speed up applications and reduce energy consumption. However, the originally proposed mini-batching offers opportunities for further improvements. In this work, we investigate the fusion of the training and classification stages of the data, bringing more gains in cache reuse and predictive performance improvements. We also evaluate the mini-batching strategy compared to two strategies supported by the hardware of common multi-core processors used in edge devices: clock frequency reduction and processor core shutdown. We evaluate the strategies by comparing their performance and energy efficiency for data stream classification using six state-of-the-art classifier ensemble algorithms and four benchmark datasets. The results show that mini-batching strategies can significantly reduce energy consumption in 95% of the experiments, improving energy efficiency by an average of 96% and by 169% in the best case over hardware strategies. Similarly, the newly proposed mini-batching strategy improved energy efficiency by an average of 136% and 456% in the best case. Finally, we proposed an adaptive and multi-objective optimization strategy to dynamically choose the mini-batching size based on CPU occupancy and data arrival rates. The batch size choice uses the Pareto principle to optimize both response time and energy consumption. Results show an improvement in energy consumption in 17 of the 24 cases evaluated. However, for the latency metric, there was no significant reduction compared to batch sizes of 50 (pointed out in the literature as a good choice). In summary, the dynamic strategy offers reduced energy consumption without losses in execution time.
Caracterização genética e fisiológica de Saccharomyces cerevisiae selvagens para produção cervejeira: desenvolvimento de um scale up indusrial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-28)
Martins, Jeferson Geraldo de Oliveira
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Sousa, Cristina Paiva de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9002619114161319
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7151-5085
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Cunha, Anderson Ferreira da
The challenges of using wild yeasts in the brewing industry are considerable. Still, they are justified by the wealth of biodiversity and the growing demand for beers with improved sensory properties and distinct aromas. This study aimed to genetically and physiologically characterize wild Saccharomyces cerevisiae for brewing and obtain an industrial scale-up. Biomolecular techniques were used to genetically characterize the 5 indigenous Saccharomyces, nominally LBGA-01, LBGA-287, LBGA-288, LBGA-Hv8 and LBGA-Hb1. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic relationships were inferred by sequencing the amplified product from the ITS regions. Growth was evaluated on different carbon sources, as well as in the presence of stressors such as ethanol and iso-α-acids from hops. The strains were also characterized for POF production, flocculation capacity, foam formation, and resistance to osmotic pressure. Micro fermentations were conducted to investigate fermentation kinetics, apparent attenuation, ethanol production, and pH reduction. The strains showed physiological characteristics similar to commercial standards. Strategically, the LBGA-01, LBGA-287, and LBGA-Hv-8 strains were used for small-scale beer production (9 liters). Physical-chemical, HPLC, and GC analyses showed similarities and differences in the levels of nitrogen uptake (FAN), alcohol yield, by-product profile, and volatiles. The analysis of gene expression (qPCR) allowed a better understanding of the main determinant genes for the fermentation process. The results of the sensory evaluations were treated employing Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and contributed to the formation of the mixed inoculum between strain LBGA-287 and the commercial standard WB06™. Finally, the industrial scale-up phase allowed to obtaining of beers with aromatic and organoleptic characteristics of great interest to the brewing industry.
Implementação até a fase III do picture exchange communication system na emergência de operantes verbais em crianças com autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-28)
Carvalho, Ana Luiza Lobato Monteiro de
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Elias, Nassim Chamel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4216525883778695
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4197-623X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6336276630511467
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by, in addition to other symptoms, communicative difficulties that affect social interaction. Such a failure in communication and linguistic skills can lead to the search for peculiar and primitive forms of restricted communication, developing problematic or adaptive behaviors. Due to this absence of speech, alternative means of communication can be opted for, such as the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS), which has been frequently used with individuals with ASD, as an Alternative and Expanded Communication (AAC) tool, in work to stimulate social communication, language and the development of functional speech, with a robust number of scientific studies demonstrating its effectiveness. However, its use is still surrounded by myths about inhibiting the development of vocal communication. The objective of the present study is to verify the effects of a picture exchange communication teaching procedure (PECS) on the emergence of vocal responses, in accordance with the proposal for analyzing verbal behavior in children with ASD. Three participants, aged between 4 and 5 years, were selected for this experimental study, using a pre- and post-test design using the VB-MAPP to measure vocal responses. Two children remained in the study and showed similar results. Both participants did not develop vocal responses, but showed significant progress in the reevaluation, when it was found that two of the seven skills assessed, namely tact and imitation, remained without recorded progress, bringing up the discussion as to whether having the ability of generalized imitation could be an important point in the emergence of vocal communication.
Perfil sociolinguístico de surdos em municípios com baixa ocupação territorial no Estado do Tocantins
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-28)
Santos, Fernando Cardoso dos
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Rubio, Cássio Florêncio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8357993415342241
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6986-1381
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6936231883829381
Sociolinguistic research in deaf communities is a still scarce scientific field, especially with regard to investigating the use of Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) and the contact of this language with other languages, such as Portuguese. Studies in this field deal almost exclusively with issues of linguistic variation and change in oral majority languages and border languages, which are also oral. Considering the complexity of studies of deaf communities and people, this research had its pillars supported mainly by the theoretical current of Sociolinguistics, which addresses issues related to bilingualism, language contact, language policies, and, in particular, the studies by Lucas (2004), which opened horizons for sociolinguistic studies of sign languages, arguing that these languages have the same sociolinguistic particularities and importance in the construction of a people in their sociocultural scope, independently of other languages. Based on these notes, in this research, the sociolinguistic profiles of deaf people were investigated, with the aim of describing characteristics related to family life and society, in addition to issues related to education, in municipalities with little territorial occupation in the state of Tocantins, considering the interaction, contact between Libras and the Portuguese language, in a way that could or could not confirm whether it is possible to have communication and understanding between deaf-deaf and deaf-hearing individuals, although they do not have fluency in a systematized language such as Libras. The research has a qualitative and descriptive approach and includes survey, investigations and data analysis, so that it can answer the questions and hypotheses listed. In the field research, a pre-structured questionnaire was developed and applied in an interview format with 30 deaf participants living within a minimum radius of 70 and a maximum of 300 kilometers from the capital Palmas, in the state of Tocantins. Surveys were carried out followed by contact with participants to carry out the interview, in person with participants living close to the researcher and virtually, via WhatsApp, with participants living in distant locations. In contact with the deaf, their communicative particularities were considered, that is, the interview was carried out orally and signed with the deaf spoken, in Libras, with the deaf who knew Libras, in gestures, mimes and iconic signs, with those who communicate through this means. The results show that, despite multiple and diverse contexts, there are possibilities for communication and understanding between speakers involved in environments where multiple languages are spoken, whether they are covered by the linguistic system or not, such as gestures, mime, homemade signs. These results also reveal that there is an urgent need to review municipal and state linguistic planning, in a way that promotes access for deaf people to the language in which they feel comfortable and boosts their sociolinguistic and cognitive development in general. It is concluded that the sociolinguistic profile of deaf people is diverse and it is possible for communication/interaction to occur harmoniously, with understanding between the actors involved, as long as multiple and multimodal communication resources are considered, in addition to Libras and the Portuguese language.
Fragilidade e utilização de cuidados de saúde em idosos com Doença Renal Crônica: insights do ELSI-Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-28)
Giraldes, Ana Paula Rosim
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Pott Junior, Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5961854320494257
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3126-2946
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8293976411328498
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a health condition that causes progressive and permanent changes in the function or structure of the kidneys for at least three months, with health implications. According to the International Society of Nephrology, CKD affects about 10% of the world's population and is more common in people over 65. And in addition to chronic diseases related to CKD, there is frailty, which worsens as CKD advances. It can be characterized by accumulating deficits in functionality, mobility, and chronic disease factors. The severity of these deficits is directly related to poor clinical outcomes, reducing the individual's ability to cope with health-related challenges. Objectives: This study utilized data from the ELSI-Brazil (Longitudinal Study of the Health of the Brazilian Elderly) survey to assess levels of frailty and its impact on healthcare utilization among older people with CKD residing in the Brazilian community. Methods: This is a secondary data analysis from the second wave of the ELSI Brazil study (2019 to 2021). A self-reported questionnaire was used to identify individuals with CKD. The Frailty Index (FI), which is based on factors such as comorbidities, disabilities, and functional capacity, was also used to assess the level of frailty. Moreover, Andersen and Newman's healthcare utilization model was used to evaluate the use of healthcare resources. Results: The overall sample exhibited a weighted mean FI score of 0.19 (95% CI, 0.18-0.20). Notably, individuals with CKD displayed higher levels of frailty (FI = 0.28; 95% CI, 0.25-0.31). In the past 12 months, approximately 84% of individuals with CKD visited a medical professional, with nearly 65% being frail. Furthermore, a significantly positive association was found between higher levels of frailty index and an increased probability of medical visits and hospitalization in the past year. Conclusions: Elderly people in Brazil suffering from CKD are prone to high levels of frailty. The adverse effects of this condition, such as lowered perceived health status and increased hospitalization rates, demand immediate action. We strongly encourage healthcare systems to establish programs for prompt identification and treatment of frailty in this group of patients.
Métodos eficientes para colapsagem e seleção de SNPs raros em dados familiares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-28)
Noli, Ana Fernanda
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Zuanetti, Daiane Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8352484284929824
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1591-959X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5713252655124804
The present work presents methods for identifying rare variants, which consist of genetic variations that occur with low frequency in the population, for understanding human health and how next-generation sequencing (NGS) has enabled a more comprehensive assessment of individuals' genetic variation. The detection of genomic variation is performed using SNP markers (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism). The linear mixed model (LMM) approach stands out in these studies for encompassing both fixed and random effects, and the LASSO (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator) method is used for variable selection. This work also describes the most recent approaches for GWAS (genome-wide association studies) and NGS studies that include family data and how rare variants play an important role in the genetic architecture of complex disorders. Finally, the main methodologies used in genomic studies based on collapsing are discussed, as well as the need to bring new techniques or combine them to better understand the influence of rare variants on complex diseases.
Proposta para compreensão e transformação do trabalho de fiscais de contrato de prestação de serviços contínuos em instituições públicas de ensino superior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-28)
Meyer, Maryana
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Moura, Daniel Braatz Antunes de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5287608431146025
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0929478496218166
The contract inspection activity aims to monitor contracts signed between public institutions and private companies providing services. However, it is an activity that involves specific knowledge, mainly related to different legislations, has a high workload and complexity of tasks, in which they are carried out under strong pressure for assertive results, due to the possibility of penalty, being an activity with potential for generate health problems for tax employees. In this context, ergonomics as a science that studies work, can contribute as a means of analyzing the work of these employees, being able to collaboratively propose ways to improve working conditions and alleviate existing problems. Thus, this research aimed to analyze the work carried out by contract inspectors at a federal educational institution in the central-western region of Brazil, aiming to design a technical-scientific product that allows the development of such activities under a new operational model. This research was structured following the Scandinavian model, in which the results are presented in a compilation of articles and developed in four stages. Regarding methodology, at each stage of the research, different methods and techniques for data collection and analysis were used. In the first stage, a scope review was carried out. In the second stage, survey research was carried out, with the application of a questionnaire to contract inspectors at the researched institution. In the third stage, a case study was carried out, using an interview, in which the script was based on the data collected in the previous stage. In the last stage, a proposal for a socio-technical process was developed to intervene in the work of contract inspectors. After analyzing the data collected at all stages, it was possible to identify sixteen problems related to the execution of the activity, but the main problems are related to work overload and lack of training of inspectors. Possible solutions to these problems were the creation of contract inspection subunits within the institution's administrative units, in order to alleviate work overload and in relation to training, it was proposed that this be carried out as frequently as possible, providing courses for beginner inspectors and courses with specific themes and that the courses are made available to employees entering the institution, in order to become familiar with inspection work upon entering public service. The research culminated in the development of a socio-technical process for training intervention on the work of contract inspectors and the creation of a manual to assist in the implementation of this process in other institutions. It is concluded that inspection activity demands attention from public institutions, as it is a relevant activity, which involves a considerable amount of resources and directly influences institutional performance. In this sense, providing opportunities for improvements in working conditions for tax employees will have significant impacts on the management of these institutions.
Efeito da inoculação da levedura Torulaspora globosa e da bácteria Bacillus subtilis no desenvolvimento inicial de plantas de milho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-28)
Gómez, Liz Evelyn Grimaldi
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Rosa Magri, Márcia Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4166319985147604
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3541-1240
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6873180899776290
Maize (Zea mays) is one of the most important crops in the world, a source of human and animal food. Brazil is one of the largest producers of the crop, being the third largest producer and the second largest exporter in the world. Considering the importance of agriculture for the country's economy, and the importance of culture in the national context, studies that enable an increase in agricultural productivity, in addition to less costly and more sustainable agronomic management, are essential. The study of associations between plants and soil microorganisms has shown interesting results in promoting increased plant productivity, in addition to enabling improvements in plant nutrition and greater plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Considering the above, the objective of this dissertation was to evaluate the inoculation of maize seeds and seedlings with cells of the yeast Torulaspora globosa (6S01) and/or the bacteria Bacillus subtilis (ENDO26) in the emergence and initial development of maize plants, in addition to the association with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) under greenhouse conditions. Inoculation began after sowing and was repeated every other day for 7 days. 10 vessels were used per treatment (yeast, bacteria, yeast + bacteria, control with water). The plant emergence results showed that the treatment with yeast cells provided a faster emergence speed and a higher percentage of plants. The results showed, however, that treatment with bacteria cells provided greater growth in length, but with lower dry mass in the aerial part. The opposite was observed for plants treated with yeast cells, which had shorter length but greater dry mass. Regarding the number of leaves, there was no difference between the isolated inoculation of microorganisms. Regarding root development, both in length and dry mass, double inoculation was the one that showed the best results. As for AMF, it was possible to observe that the inoculation of the bacteria promoted a significant increase in soil spores and root colonization. The yeast lagged, but its inoculation proved to be superior to the control. We concluded that the inoculation of corn plants with the yeast T. globosa and/or the bacteria B. subtilis promoted significant plant growth and caused changes in the natural microbiota of the soil, being strains with the potential to be used in biological products for agriculture.
Análise do potencial imunomodulador de proteínas recombinantes do Schistosoma mansoni, no diabetes tipo 2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-28)
Santos, Clara Louise Barreto Xavier dos
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Castro, Cyntia Aparecida de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4608878460951651
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Anibal, Fernanda de Freitas
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4918261968772806
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) fits among diseases classified as metabolic syndrome, commonly associated with obesity and sedentary lifestyle. Furthermore, due to the modification in insulin action, DM2 leads to severe cases of hyperglycemia in the carrier, predisposing to pathological complications. Recently, research in the field has linked the development of the disease with an increase in pro-inflammatory markers, characterizing a low-grade chronic inflammation, mainly in adipose and hepatic tissues. Therefore, molecules with immunomodulatory potential have significant applicability in the therapeutic scope in controlling metabolic dysfunction associated with inflammation. Proteins derived from the parasite Schistosoma mansoni have been suggested as regulators of processes that can modify the functions of immune cells, reducing inflammation and improving glucose tolerance. As an example, in this work, two recombinant membrane proteins of S. mansoni, Sm14 and SmCyp, were analyzed for their immunomodulatory potential. Through cell viability analyses, cytokine quantification, flow cytometry, determination of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and imaging, the considerable immunomodulatory potential of such proteins was confirmed, with alteration/decrease in the synthesis of inflammatory cytokines in macrophages, as well as their polarization, increased cell viability, and alteration in the production of nitrogen reactive species when compared to the control group.
A modernização da discriminação: transformações tecnológicas e desigualdades raciais no policiamento em São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-28)
Cedro, André Sales dos Santos
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Sinhoretto, Jacqueline
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7743699562476490
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8718-779X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9853099461410470
Technology has modified and continues to modify social behavior, especially as a mediator of social relations. However, it is not only individuals who are subject to transformation. Institutions, including public and police entities, are also subject to changes in their course of action and relating – among themselves and with the population. The objective of this thesis is to analyze the impact of modernization and new technologies on the policing of the São Paulo State Military Police and how these changes perpetuate social and racial inequalities. The methodology used has qualitative character and includes field observation, ethnography, and interviews with military police officers. We conclude that technology aims to change the behaviors of security agents and the organizations they serve, establishing a new way of exercising crime control and police actions. However, by prioritizing reactive overt policing instead of community and preventive models, the São Paulo State Military Police contributes to the resurgence of practices linked to previous political periods and the militarized policing model, where discretionary and selective approaches are the main techniques employed.
Análise da relação entre pagamentos eletrônicos e crescimento econômico nos países do BRICS e G7
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-28)
Sena, Breno Cesar de
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Carvalho, Flávio Leonel de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9615144436796386
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8488-9382
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8638420334917073
This study examines the impact of electronic payments on economic growth in BRICS and G7 countries during the period from 2012 to 2021. The results show a positive and significant relationship between the use of electronic payments and economic growth. Both cards and cashless payments were associated with a positive stimulus to economic growth, while payment terminals showed a slowing effect on the economy. These findings highlight the importance of electronic payments as drivers of economic growth and promoters of financial inclusion, by facilitating access to financial services for a broader segment of the population. However, it is important to consider the specificities of each country and economic group. As a policy suggestion, countries are encouraged to promote initiatives that encourage the adoption and use of electronic payments, aiming to reduce transaction costs, improve the efficiency of financial operations, and increase transparency and tax revenue collection, reducing tax evasion. Furthermore, it is essential for governments to work in collaboration with the private sector and other stakeholders to implement comprehensive policies that stimulate the culture of using electronic payments by a large segment of the population. By doing so, countries can reap the benefits of the digital economy and promote financial inclusion, contributing to a virtuous cycle of sustainable economic growth.
Cirurgia de redesignação sexual para mulheres trans: perspectivas do campo biomédico e jurídico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-29)
Toni Junior, Claudio Noel de
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Silva, Geovani Gurgel Aciole da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6146469366214279
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6400-8293
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6409702142500422
Gender issues have always raised the curiosity of others, who want to know the differences that do (or do not) exist in non-binary bodies, the ones not identified according to the male-female logic. Until recently, little was known about the differentiation of gender, with trans people being often confused with intersex/hermaphrodite people. Also lacking was the medical will to decide what someone's true sex was, based on possibilities other than the subject's own self-determination; the former was also deeply enmeshed with two other types of powers - juridical and medical powers - when it comes to determining what is normal and acceptable sexuality. This discursive/normative concertation has been challenged by the emergence of identity movements, which, in communion with the struggles with other social movements, such as the feminist movement and the black movement, have gained force for the visibility of the LGBTQIAPN+ movement and for the dissemination of its struggles, both globally and nationally, in favor of the recognition of rights to autonomy and human dignity. This, in turn, has put pressure on decision-making mechanisms towards their inclusion in public policies, and towards the recognition of their own existence and even the preservation of their lives, especially shaped by the possibility of sexual reassignment in their physical and civil forms. In this context, the problem of being transsexual in the world today emerges, in such a way that the struggle unfolds in different scenarios, and that is the theme of this work, bringing together the theoretical-reflective contributions with which we seek to build, with an interdisciplinary perspective with the aid of Science, Technology and Society, elements that support the necessary reflection on the issues of being transsexual, aiming to contribute to the achievement of the goals of the trans population, especially those most vulnerable.
Filtração do ar: análise de dados da poluição ambiental e controle da poluição do ar por membranas de r-PET com CuNP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-01)
Machry, Karine
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Aguiar, Mônica Lopes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0431688649128529
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Bernardo, André
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5705402824877708
The growing concern about the risks to human health due to increasing pollution makes the use of efficient filters in ventilation systems essential for maintaining indoor air quality. Thus, the general objective of this work was to propose solutions to the problem of aerosol and bioaerosol pollution. Specific objectives included developing a literature review of particulate matter (PM) pollution with a diameter less than 10 µm, developing a model to predict PM concentration, and producing a filtering medium using the electrospinning technique with bactericidal and antiviral effects. In the context of air quality forecasting, a M P10 prediction model was developed for the region of São Carlos and Araraquara municipalities using data from 2014 to 2022. An XGBoost model was used to generate air quality forecast data, enabling the estimation of M P10 concentration up to 28 days in advance in the region using temporal variables. During the months of July to October, PM concentration in the environment can reach the highest values of the year, making it crucial to increase precautions during this period. In the development of the filtering medium, Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (r-PET) was used as the precursor polymer dissolved in a solution (30/70 w/w) of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and dichloromethane (DCM). Copper Nanoparticles (CuNP) were added to the filtering medium to confer antimicrobial and antiviral activity, obtained through a redox reaction. The r-PET nanofibers were characterized for morphology by SEM coupled with an EDS system for chemical mapping. The air-filtering medium obtained in this work was characterized for air filtration efficiency and permeability, showing high efficiency (95%) for filtering particulate matter (NaCl) below 90 nm. CuNP-impregnated nanofibers were able to reduce gram-positive and gram- negative bacteria growth by 99.99% after 3 hours of contact with the nanofibers. For viruses, this reduction was 99.13%, indicating that CuNP-coated nanofibers have both antiviral and antibacterial effects. The membranes obtained in this work can be used in air filtration, such as in portable air filters for purifying environments, due to their permeability, pressure drop, efficiency, and bactericidal and virucidal effects. Filters with high efficiency and biocidal effects can ensure user safety in combating diseases and infections by pathogenic microorganisms, as well as in preventing risks related to environmental pollution.
Implementação de modelo computacional empregando ferramenta de CFD para análise do comportamento hidráulico de bomba carneiro não industrial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-01)
Logatti, Bruna
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Kellner, Erich
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6855091004957784
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7592-5580
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4334307115265433
In urban settlements or rural areas households are often located near regions with abundant water availability. However, in many cases, there is a lack of financial resources for the acquisition and implementation of basic electrical infrastructure for conventional water supply solutions. Hydraulic rams or ram pumps are devices used to elevate water, and they operate using only hydraulic energy. These devices can be seen as a sustainable alternative for water transportation. However, when analyzing the current scientific production on the subject, many obstacles are encountered. The scientific output is limited to this day, and there is also a noticeable absence of studies focused on agronomy and agriculture, the development of low-cost hydraulic ram models, the use of new technologies for modeling, and the optimization of the ram pump model. In this context, computational fluid dynamics, also known as CFD, can be seen as a solution. This study aims to apply CFD techniques in the internal flow modeling of a non-industrial ram pump. The 3D model of the ram pump was constructed using Blender software, based on the study by Oliveira Junior et al (2021). Initially, it was decided to use OpenFOAM software for the simulations; however, due to difficulties encountered in adapting the mesh to the program, it was changed to Ansys Discovery 2023 software. Four different meshes were developed, four scenarios were created for the simulation, varying the volume of the air chamber, each of them containing seven simulations, varying the pressure loads. Results unveiled fundamental operational principles of the hydraulic ram, including the influence of pressure load at the pump inlet on inlet flow, the relationship between pressure loads at the outlet and inlet, and the significance of air chamber size in water displacement.
Aprendizagem em cuidados paliativos: dados sobre a formação graduada em cursos federais de Terapia Ocupacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-01)
Lavelli, Rafaela Caroline
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Bombarda, Tatiana Barbieri
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8070700589653226
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3735208231414102
Palliative care is a human right, but obstacles such as the availability of opioid medication for pain control, socio-cultural barriers and gaps in the knowledge of health professionals are challenges to be overcome in order to better provide this approach. In the field of Occupational Therapy, the area of palliative care is expanding and, although it has not yet been established as a specialty of the profession, it is gradually being incorporated as an area of practice and/or as knowledge recommended for certain interventional contexts, and it is essential to qualify the teaching of occupational therapists to improve their ability to meet the needs of patients in palliative care. With the aim of investigating occupational therapy undergraduates' perceptions of learning about palliative care, this cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study was carried out with students enrolled in the occupational therapy course who were attending the final year of the curriculum in federal universities. Data was collected via an online questionnaire and the questions were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics. There was the participation of 27 students, the results identified low access to training actions on the theme of palliative care in the three levels of actions that permeate training (teaching, research and extension). The offer of content on the subject occurs mostly through theoretical foundations in specific classes throughout the course, with a shortage of practices and internships in the area. There is knowledge presented by the participants about guiding principles of palliative care and basic knowledge for practical action, however, the weaknesses concerning the opportunity of practices in palliative care associated with gaps in important content such as palliative rehabilitation, grief, communication, tanatology, bioethics, as well as evaluative instruments, reflect in the statement that the participants do not know how to choose clinical situations for palliative care and in the perspective focused on the association of palliative care with the exclusively end-of-life process. It is concluded that limitations of knowledge associated with the absence of practical experiences in the area hinder the development of skills necessary for the qualification of care and distance the student from a professional reasoning based on the relations of suffering arising from the occupational repercussions for the implementation of care actions centered on the scope of the profession.
Participação democrática ambiental: contribuição do Fórum de Cidadãos Participantes para mudança de modelo de audiências públicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-01)
Oliveira, Celso Maran de
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Moraes, Tatiana Vieira de
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Britto, Marcel
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Albuquerque, Carolina de
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Sousa, Maria Carolina Chaves de
Ações democráticas ambientais são indispensáveis para a implementação de um modelo de desenvolvimento socioambiental construído de baixo para cima (bottom up). As audiências públicas têm sido instrumento utilizado pelo poder público para garantir o direito à participação popular na elaboração de políticas públicas no Brasil, mas normalmente são conduzidas por um modelo de cima para baixo (top down). Por meio de pesquisa exploratória, baseada em abordagem quanti-qualitativa, objetivou-se investigar a existência do modelo bottom up ou mesmo híbrido top down conciliado com bottom up em audiências públicas conduzidas pelo Ministério Público, além de refletir sobre o papel do Parquet como importante impulsionador desse modelo de atuação democrática ambiental.
Luz, câmera, geograficidades: um estudo sobre juventudes a partir da análise do projeto Curta Escola
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-02)
Souza, Marina de Fátima
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Burgos, Rosalina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0430255108623706
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7309824262810743
En esta disertación, nuestro objetivo es contribuir a estudios dentro del alcance de temas geográficos y de juventud. Traemos una discusión sobre la relación entre las experiencias juveniles y sus imágenes para identificar sus geografías, aprendidas y difundidas a partir de cortometrajes producidos por jóvenes estudiantes. Se trata de un estudio documental, teórico y reflexivo, realizado a partir del análisis de seis cortometrajes producidos en 2022 por escuelas de la Dirección de Educación de la región de Votorantim, inscritas en el proyecto “Curta Escola”, organizado por la misma. Así, el principal objetivo de la disertación es identificar el diálogo entre los cortometrajes del Festival Curta Escola y las problemáticas de los jóvenes inmersos en su vida cotidiana. De esta manera, el trabajo se justifica al permitir difundir aspectos que permean las problemáticas de la existencia juvenil y su relación con la sociedad a través del lenguaje audiovisual. Para analizar este lenguaje cinematográfico, nos centramos en la metodología de análisis de contenido, con análisis de categorización del contenido presente en los cortometrajes. A partir de este procedimiento, fue posible identificar que los cortometrajes dialogan con las problemáticas que permean la existencia de los jóvenes, evidenciando algunas de sus emergencias en la época contemporánea. En este sentido, fue posible identificar la importancia de valorar la geografía juvenil, incluso para pensar políticas públicas para una educación que dialoge con los deseos y necesidades de los jóvenes estudiantes.
Desenvolvimento de dispositivos descartáveis com tintas condutoras e substratos de baixo custo para sensoriamento e biossensoriamento de disfunções hormonais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-03)
Camargo, Jéssica Rocha
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Janegitz, Bruno Campos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7746094938977989
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9707-9795
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9100622529120988
Advances in new electrochemical sensor architectures that enable rapid analysis in miniaturized form and with high sensitivity are one of the most important areas of recent years. This importance is since electrochemical systems are easy to produce in the laboratory and can be developed even in emerging countries due to their relatively low cost. The materials used to produce conductive inks usually include a polymeric vehicle, a conductive material and possible additives that, in appropriate proportions, form an ink suitable for printing on an inert substrate. In this context, we present some proposals for sensors made with low-cost conductive inks. In Chapter 1, a new water-based conductive ink was developed for the fabrication of disposable screen-printed electrodes specifically intended for the detection of uric acid (UA) and catechol. The choice of a water-based ink offers advantages in terms of reduced toxicity and environmental impact. For UA, the linear range was between 8.0 and 500.0 µmol L−1and a limit of detection (LOD) of 3.63×10−7 mol L−1. The proposed CGG/PET is more flexible and cost-effective than commercial electrodes, with an estimated manufacturing price of only 0.006 dollars or 0.033 reais per electrode. For catechol, the linear range was between 0.5 and 50 µmol L−1, and a LOD of 0.3 µmol L−1. Chapter 2 focused on developing new silver ink compositions to prepare pseudo-reference electrodes, which are essential for many electrochemical applications. As a proof of concept for the silver inks, the detection of β- estradiol was performed. At β-estradiol concentrations in the linear range of 1.0 to 100 µmol L−1 and a LOD of 1.3 × 10−7 mol L−1, was obtained for the system referenced by the Ag-NP ink. For the system referred to by the Ag-SL ink, a LOD of 9.5 × 10−7 mol L−1. The cost was approximately US$ 2.02/R$ 11.06 per gram of ink with nail polish and US$ 2.40/R$ 13.14 per gram of ink with shellac. In Chapter 3, an electrochemical system using shellac, graphite and platinum was developed for the biosensor of estrone (E1), a steroid hormone that may be associated with diseases such as premature menopause, polycystic ovary syndrome and breast cancer. At E1 concentrations ranging from 5.0 to 1000 nmol L−1, with a LOD of 0.70 nmol L−1, the total cost was 0.79 reais per biosensor. Finally, in Chapter 4, screen-printed electrodes made of Super P carbon black, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and chitosan were discussed for the detection of tryptophan (TRP), an essential amino acid with various important biological functions. The linear range for TRP was 0.5 to 300 μmol L−1 with an LOD of 0.018 μmol L−1 and an LOQ of 0.060 μmol L−1. All inks developed in this thesis showed satisfactory results and are excellent alternatives for the development of disposable electrochemical systems. Thus, the developed inks and architectures are cost-effective and can be used for sensing and biosensing of various analytes and biomarkers related to diseases that directly affect human health.
Efetividades e entraves do programa Bolsa Família no município de Matão/SP: um olhar sobre a segurança alimentar dos beneficiários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-03)
Aquino, Lígia Maria de
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Almeida, Luiz Manoel de Moraes Camargo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5053214724598522
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3066-9170
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1917643411540956
This study aims to discuss the main effectivenesses and institutional and organizational barriers of the Bolsa Família Program in the municipality of Matão/SP, focusing on elements of food security treated comprehensively. For this purpose, interviews were conducted with 100 beneficiary families (holders) through the application of semi-structured forms, and information was collected from the manager responsible for the local program. The sample size was defined using the method of stratified proportional probability sampling to the number of families served by the Social Assistance Reference Centers (CRAS) in the municipality. For the development of the work, a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis of data from field research was used. Quantitative techniques were based on validated methodologies, such as the Food Network of the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), which includes the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale (EBIA) method, using a form applied to beneficiary families of the program in a stage preceding the qualitative techniques. These were adopted through semi-structured interviews with the local manager of the municipality's program in Matão. Through the collection and analysis of data, both qualitative and quantitative results were obtained on the socioeconomic and sociodemographic profile of the beneficiaries, as well as their perceptions and the manager's perception regarding the program and the responsible entities, which provided some recommendations for these public policies. The results indicate that, although the majority of family resources are allocated to food, food insecurity prevails in 96% of families. This highlights the importance of the program in immediately improving the adverse living conditions of families, however, by itself, it does not guarantee their food security. Therefore, it is crucial to integrate the program with other public policies related to education, health, food security, training, job creation, and income generation. Additionally, the establishment of a department or sector responsible for food security in the municipality is essential.
Experiências e percepções de indivíduos com dor no ombro após um tratamento com telerreabilitação: um estudo qualitativo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-03)
Luiz, Gustavo Rossi
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Gava, Vander
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Camargo, Paula Rezende
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7602596349127054
Introduction: The high incidence of shoulder pain in the general population, together with the challenges encountered in the public health system, reinforce the need for effective alternatives to meet the high demand of individuals with shoulder pain. The use of telerehabilitation for the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders has the potential to reduce costs and improve access for the population when compared to face-to-face treatment. Objective: To identify the experiences and perceptions of individuals with shoulder pain after a telerehabilitation treatment. Methods: This is a qualitative study using thematic analysis. Individuals aged between 18 and 60 who had completed a 12-week treatment consisting of therapeutic exercises and conducted by telerehabilitation were invited to take part in a semi-structured interview used as a data collection instrument. The interviews took place in person and were conducted by a single evaluator. The questions covered different aspects of the experience of the individuals who underwent the treatment and were drawn up together with the members of the research group. The interviews were recorded using a voice recorder and were carried out until the data was saturated. The transcription of the data, the extraction of relevant reports and the formulation of themes were carried out by two researchers independently, and there was discussion with a third researcher in the event of conflicting opinions. Results: Seven participants were interviewed (34.8 ± 15.3 years; 3 women and 4 men) and six main themes were obtained: (1) “facilitators of adherence to treatment”, (2) “possible barriers to adherence to treatment”, (3) “preference for the form of treatment”, (4) “progression of exercises”, (5) “continuity of treatment and satisfaction”, and (6) “confidence and motivation when participating”. The participants reported as facilitators that telerehabilitation is easy to integrate into their daily routines, the instructions provided by the research team were easy to understand and the support of the physiotherapist was helpful. However, the main barriers were the difficulty of maintaining adherence to the intervention and the perception that the intervention was monotonous. Participants initially reported a preference for face-to-face treatments before the intervention began, but this preference changed after undergoing the telerehabilitation intervention. Most participants faced no difficulties in managing the progression of their exercises during the intervention. In general, participants were satisfied with telerehabilitation and continued exercising at home after the intervention ended. Although initially unsure, participants gained confidence over the course of the intervention, citing pain relief and achieving the desired results as the main motivators. Conclusion: Overall, the participants interviewed reported positive experiences and perceptions of treatment with telerehabilitation for shoulder pain. From the reports, it was possible to understand the individuals' views and which factors favor the success of treatment with telerehabilitation for shoulder pain. The information obtained can help clinicians understand which patients may benefit most from one or other form of intervention among those addressed by the primary study. These findings can help physiotherapists inform patients about possible barriers and facilitators, improving shared clinical decision-making when choosing between telerehabilitation and face-to-face treatment.