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Política de avaliação educacional em Cuba: reforma do estado e nova gestão pública: entrevistas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08) Rothen, José Carlos; Fernandes, Maria Cristina da Silveira Galan; Esteves, Thiago de Jesus; Oliveira, Ivan dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1942510389127549; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5786385589553214; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5146779666021679; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7566418296504896; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5360-1913; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8415-9400; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6093-8517; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2202-9926
O princípio da dignidade humana: mulheres idosas em estado de encarceramento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-01) Eduardo, Carlos Henrique; Burgos, Rosalina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0430255108623706; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0687300582886829
Human dignity must be achieved in all spheres of society. In the case of incarcerated individuals, it is known that prisons are mostly built to house the male population. However, there is a growing number of women sentenced to prison terms, individuals with intrinsic needs in relation to their gender who, in this reality, may not have their principles of dignity respected. With the aging of the Brazilian population, it is plausible to infer that a greater number of elderly women, aged 60 or over, live in a state of incarceration, facing the prison system with the intersectionality between gender and age issues. In this context, the objective of this research is to discuss the principle of human dignity of elderly women in a state of incarceration. To achieve this objective, a concatenation of a Literature Review and interviews with two former inmates, workers at Espaço Memória Carandiru, was carried out. The theoretical basis was conducted with primary source materials, in Portuguese, published between 2016 and 2022, on the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD) and Google Scholar platforms, using the descriptors: dignity; incarceration; women; elderly; and visits. Six publications were selected, in addition to the books Encarceradas, by Dráuzio Varella, and Condições de saúde e qualidade de vida dos presos idoso do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, by Maria Cecília Minayo and Patrícia Constantino. The real gap in the scientific literature on the topic of abandonment of elderly incarcerated women is highlighted, the result of a historical erasure by a sexist, androcentric and white society inherited from European colonization, which punishes and makes this portion of the population invisible, the precarious state in which they live and keeps them on the margins of collective belonging, in perpetual marginalization and social exclusion, the result of stigmas and prejudices. The historical erasure of elderly women in prison and the consequent violation of human rights also involves the idea of breaking the imaginary of old age as synonymous with fragility, passivity and kindness, the socio-affective abandonment of these women by their spouses and family members, the lack of practical public policies aimed at women in prisons or even the denial of debate by Public Security organizations on the subject, the necropolitics of the State and the failure of rehabilitation strategies for these women, in addition to the prison system itself that does not meet the physical, psychological and emotional needs of elderly women. Other problems that keep elderly women in prison in a state of vulnerability include the inadequacy of physical spaces, food, and health care. This panorama is also linked to the socioeconomic conditions of incarcerated women, the majority of whom are poor, black or brown, and have little education. Thus, despite national regulatory efforts to try to expand initiatives that address the conditions of incarcerated women, necropolitics and ageism remain, and, ultimately, the lack of visits to these women demonstrates the culminating abandonment of the reality they live in today's society.
Two-dimensional transition metal halides for optical applications: impact of excitons
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-01) Regis, Natan Moreira; Lima, Matheus Paes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1835846543912999; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5389-7649; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1280246673704789; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1097-3036
Two-dimensional materials have experienced rapid growth since the first exfoliation of graphene in 2004, which is an atomically thin sheet of carbon atoms exfoliated from graphite. Despite several unprecedented properties of graphene, induced by quantum confinement, it lacks a band gap that limits some optoelectronic applications. however, graphene motivates a new research field of two-dimensional materials, and their potential compositions and structures, ranging from insulators to semiconductors to conductors. The wide range of conductive behavior within the quantum confinement gives rise to distinct behaviors, including a large exciton binding energy. Excitons are quasi-particles formed by an electron-hole pair that interact through Coulomb attraction, a phenomenon present in semiconductors but more notable in low-dimensional materials due to quantum confinement, which changes the dielectric environment. However, single-particle theoretical methods, such as ground-state density functional theory, do not describe excitons because it is a many-body phenomenon. Thus, a complete characterization of the optical properties of two-dimensional materials requires going beyond a single-particle perspective. Motivated by the accomplishment of several two-dimensional materials and halide perovskites, this work explores a new class of two-dimensional materials, namely, transition metal halide (TMHs) monolayers. We initially selected potential TMHs for optoelectronics in the Computational 2D Materials Database (C2DB) and subsequently analyzed the structural, electronic, optical and excitonic properties using state-of-the-art theoretical methods to study materials such as Density Funcional Theory (DFT) calculations including relativistic and bandgap correction and the evaluation of optical properties including excitonic effect within Tight Binding (TB) Hamiltonian and by the solution of Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE). Our calculations show that the equilibrium structure calculated by C2DB agrees with those obtained here and with other theoretical works. However, electronic properties exhibit important deviations that are not homogeneous among systems. For iinstance, we observed deviations in the bandgap values up to 17 % when considering relativistic correction and for the corrected bandgap value computed applying the scissors operator methodology. We also computed optical and excitonic properties by solving the Bethe-Salpeter equations, showing isotropic and non-isotropic light absorption among the systems. The inclusion of excitonic effects decreased the maximum light absorption when compared to the absorption coefficient without these effects and also changes in the energy region of spectra. The compositions demonstrated considerable binding energy, highlighting the importance of studying this quasi-particle in theoretical calculations. The possible heterojunctions are hardly influenced by excitonic effects; thus, evaluating possible heterojunctions must take into account exctions. Finally, we found evidence of an excitonic insulator among the systems, where the excited state are preferable than the semiconducting ground state.
Sustentabilidade ESG (Environmental, Social, and Corporate Governance): a indústria de petróleo e gás como atores fundamentais na transição energética
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-01) Almeida, Juan Felipe Pereira de; Tiezzi, Rafael de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7979063304544915; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8682-7807
The history of humanity is deeply linked to the evolution of the collective use of energy, and it is essential to balance production systems for sustainable development. This work highlights the strategic contribution of the Brazilian oil and natural gas industry in the construction of a low-carbon energy matrix, pointing out as the main finding the importance of this transition to more sustainable energy sources, such as solar energy, green hydrogen and carbon capture technologies. The research sought to address the main arguments of best relevance to the development of the work, listing a methodological approach through the literature review to build critical thinking to reach plausible results on the subject, integrating the economy and the environment to demonstrate that the energy transition, driven by climate change, is fundamental to face global challenges and ensure a balanced future.
Formação continuada de professoras da educação infantil e tdics no contexto pandêmico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-01) Freitas, Renata Cristiane Vinha; Onofre, Márcia Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7176529351192598; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0773773637829991
This research advocates for the importance and necessity of integrating new technologies into the continuing education of early childhood teachers. The concern about this topic arose from the working conditions presented by teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic, demonstrating a lack of preparedness for professional actions in this context. With this perspective, this study started with the following research question: To what extent did continuing education courses prepare early childhood teachers to use ICTs (Information and Communication Technologies) during the COVID-19 pandemic? From this question, we aimed to explore and analyze the use of ICTs in continuing education activities and their contributions to the training of early childhood teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was grounded in authors from the field of the epistemology of practice (Nóvoa, 2019, 2022; Tardif, 2002; Gauthier, 1998), do campo das TDICs (Moran, 2000; Kenski, 2007), and the area of early childhood education (Assis, 2007; Campos, 2006; Kramer, 1994; Kishimoto, 1999; Ostetto, 2011; Pinazza, 2014; Rosemberg, 2012). For data collection, a qualitative study was conducted, starting with a literature review and an exploratory survey using questionnaires with a group of early childhood teachers from a municipal education network in the interior of São Paulo, Brazil, who participated in continuing education courses related to Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, concerning the results obtained, we observed a gap in training processes during the COVID-19 pandemic regarding the use of ICTs. This period represented an unprecedented metamorphosis for the field of education, with many obstacles and difficulties imposed by remote teaching, in which teachers had to reinvent their practices and modes of communication and intervention with their students, especially in early childhood education. Finally, regarding the results obtained, the first point to be highlighted concerns the peculiar period that must be immortalized, facing a Covid-19 pandemic that has transformed society and education systems, prompting a rethink of actions in all social spheres of our country and the world. Another issue concerns a metamorphosis of education systems and teachers' practices in response to the urgency of networks to meet imposed demands and finding some solutions in the use of ICTs and remote assistance. In this panorama, early childhood educators had to reinvent their practices and modes of communication and intervention with peers and children quickly and, in most cases, unprepared due to the lack of mastery in their initial training courses. Remote assistance during the Covid-19 pandemic was not just an emergency response to the crisis; in addition to teachers' learning of ICTs in terms of developing digital skills, they also had the opportunity to rethink and transform practices, generating new meanings and significance in pedagogical activities. Continuing education, based on the perception of these professionals, should be a constant in early childhood education, especially due to the new social and technological demands of the present. Finally, it is important to highlight the importance of coherent policies in the field of teacher training, contributing to professional development and drawing on the production of knowledge from work contexts.
Reabilitação de vigas de concreto armado em escala real com reforço à flexão com laminados de CFRP passivos e protendidos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-01) Pereira, Marcelo Fernandes; Ferreira, Marcelo de Araujo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4199122391532470; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5175-2171; Dalfré, Gláucia Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0066111999826468; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3623-5103; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9273595435003810; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7303-811X
Among the possible methods of structural strengthening which can be highlighted are: the section enlargement, reinforcement with composite materials, metallic profiles, use of metal plates, and external prestressing. Of these mentioned methods, the use of Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP) stands out due to their quick and practical application and good mechanical properties. The effectiveness and structural performance of the use of FRP laminates, and/or sheets, in passive flexural strengthening systems of reinforced concrete elements has been proven by different studies. In passive FRP strengthening systems, the failure modes of the elements are commonly characterized by the detachment of the strengthening material under loads corresponding to only 20 to 50% of the ultimate capacity of the FRP. To improve the use of the FRP systems based on externally bonded materials, different studies have analyzed the behavior of structures with prestressed FRP laminates over the past decade. These studies indicate greater increases in the load-carrying of strengthened elements and higher utilization levels in the strengthening material compared to the passive bonding technique. In this context, the present work aims to analyze, through an experimental program, the mechanical behavior of full-scale reinforced concrete beams, either pre-cracked or not, flexurally strengthened with prestressed and passive CFRP laminates. The work also proposes and evaluates design models with the experimental obtained results. For this purpose, an experimental program was carried out with five reinforced concrete beams subjected to four-point bending tests until failure, one unstrengthened beam (reference), two beams flexurally strengthened with externally bonded passive CFRP laminates, and two beams flexurally strengthened with externally bonded prestressed CFRP laminates. One beam of each trengthening type was subjected to pre-cracking. The results showed that the passive strengthening increased the yielding load of up to 16.9% compared to the unstrengthened beam. An increase of up to 23.3% was observed at the ultimate load compared to the reference beam. The use of prestressed strengthening promoted an increase of up to 37.9% and 41.9% in the loads at the yielding of the steel reinforcement and at the ultimate load, respectively, compared to the reference beam. The use of prestressed laminate is more effective to increase the loadcarrying of the elements. Regarding the strains in the strengthening material, considering that the CFRP laminate showed an estimated maximum strain of approximately 14.61‰, an effectiveness of up to 44.4% and 68.4% was obtained for passive and prestressed strengthening, respectively. Thus, the ability of the prestressed strengthening system to attain higher strain levels for the strengthening material compared to passive strengthening is highlighted. Furthermore, the ability of the prestressed CFRP laminate strengthening system to reduce vertical displacements and pre-existing crack openings in structural elements was verified. The simplified analytical model herein proposed for determining the load-bearing capacity of reinforced concrete elements flexurally strengthened with prestressed CFRP laminates proved to be effective for estimating the load-carrying capacity of beams subject to flexure. However, it is important to highlight the need for the correct definition of the strain to be attributed to the strengthening material in determining the ultimate resistant moment of the cross-section.
Identificação de oportunidades de melhoria no processo de precificação na área de controladoria com análise do efeito e modo de falhas (FMEA)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08) Oliveira, Shiley Kelly Andrade de; Borrás, Miguel Ángel Aires; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0247842684077591
This work explored the application of Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) to identify opportunities for process improvement in the pricing activity in a controlling area. The main objective of the research was to find improvements in execution throughout the pricing process. The action research methodology was used as a theoretical basis, which helped to structure and carry out the study. The research involved a detailed analysis of the existing process, identifying faults and proposing improvements with the support of quality tools and the FMEA, which was used to identify the main faults and prioritize actions. The results indicated that these tools were essential for optimizing the pricing process, offering practical and effective solutions to the problems identified. The study thus contributed to improving the quality of pricing activities in the controllership area.
Processo de regulamentação de dispositivos médicos no brasil: da anvisa até o consumidor final
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-02) Porto, Ingrid Graziele Carvalho; Cunha, Daniel; Backes, Eduardo Henrique; lattes.cnpq.br/6407713491620749
The medical device market in Brazil is constantly growing, highlighting the need to prove the efficacy and safety of these products, both nationally and internationally. Regulatory agencies, such as the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA), are responsible for protecting the health of the population, ensuring this protection through the inspection of the production and sale of medical devices. The process of regularizing these devices is based on a set of legal instruments, including regulations, resolutions, and standards. In addition, companies that wish to manufacture these devices must obtain certifications and licenses. This study aims to analyze the Brazilian regulatory system for medical devices under the jurisdiction of ANVISA. The guidelines established by the regulatory agency and the stages of the regulatory process, from registration to post-registration, were addressed. In addition, an illustrative case study was presented, applying the topics discussed. Throughout the study, it was possible to observe that commercializing devices in Brazil is still complex and time-consuming, despite efforts to reduce the time through new regulations. This can discourage entrepreneurs and limit innovation in the medical sector, making it difficult for Brazilian patients to access new technologies and treatments. Therefore, it is important to seek solutions that streamline and simplify this process, creating a more favorable environment for developing and improving medical advances in the country without compromising the efficacy and safety of the products sold.
Efeito da administração de melatonina na recuperação metabólica após exercício de natação em ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-02) Cipriano, Alinson Eduardo; Beck, Wladimir Rafael; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3124811889307056; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7176-2713; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1595337567309735; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1970-5492
Melatonin has the potential to act in the recovery process after physical exercise, however, there are no studies on the effects of this compound on energy metabolism and tissue damage after isoload exercise. In isoload exercise, animals are subjected to the same workload in all exercise sessions, ensuring greater uniformity in the physical stimuli applied. This study aimed to evaluate how melatonin administration after isoload exercise impacts energy metabolism and markers of tissue damage. Sixty Wistar animals were subjected to a 60 min swimming exercise at 90% of their maximum aerobic capacity (iMAC), followed by intraperitoneal administration of melatonin (EM; 10 mg.kg-1) or control (Ex) of the same volume and components, except melatonin, and after that, the animals were euthanized 1, 3 or 24 hours. Blood was collected to analyze the concentration of lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, glucose and triglycerides; skeletal muscle tissue (white and red gastrocnemius, and gluteus maximus) and liver for quantification of glycogen content; (soleus, white and red gastrocnemius, and gluteus maximus) and liver for quantification of triglyceride content; skeletal muscle tissue (gluteus maximus) and liver for quantification of the pool of amino acids and acylcarnitines. Tissue samples were extracted and had their amino acid and acylcarnitine profiles determined using flow injection analysis (FIA) coupled to targeted mass spectrometry (MS). Data were presented as mean ± standard deviation of the mean, submitted to the Two-way ANOVA test and Newman-Keuls post hoc was used to analyze the effects of melatonin (two levels) and the effect of time (three levels). Effect size analysis and confidence interval were used as complementary tests. A significance level of 5% was adopted for all analyses, performed using Statistics 7.0 software (StatSoft, Inc.; Tulsa, OK, United States). The results were divided into two chapters. In chapter 1, animals treated with melatonin did not show any significant results in the hepatic amino acid pool, but in skeletal muscle, melatonin increased the pool of amino acids such as arginine (F = 13.27; p = 0.001), glutamic acid (F = 5.92; p = 0.023), citrulline (F = 10.72; p = 0.003), glutamine (F = 8.15; p = 0.009), ornithine (F = 4.88; p = 0.037), proline (F = 15.13; p = 0.001) and serine (F = 7.23; p = 0.013) in relation to the control. Melatonin also increased the glycine pool 3 hours post exercise compared to the control group (EM3>Ex3; p = 0.034) and reduced the methionine pool 24 hours post exercise compared to the control group (EM24
Híbridos e espécies de pínus com potencial para produção de madeira e resina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-02) Menucelli, João Roberto; Aguiar, Ananda Virginia de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5613653432409380; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1225-7623; Longui, Eduardo Luiz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9268347207438461; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7610-9147; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5403540727952711; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5615-6448
This study aimed to evaluate the potential of pine species and interspecific hybrids for wood and resin production. In 2013, a test of hybrids and pure pine species was implemented in the Pederneiras State Forest. The species used were: P. elliottii var. elliottii, P. caribaea var. hondurensis, P. caribaea var. bahamensis. The hybrids were: P. elliottii var. elliottii x P. caribaea var. hondurensis and P. elliottii var. elliottii x P. caribaea var. bahamensis. A randomized complete block experimental design was adopted with five treatments, three blocks of each treatment with 189 seedlings, for a total of 567 per treatment. The spacing used was 3.5 x 3.0 meters. At six years of age, the following traits were measured: diameter at breast height (DBH-cm) and total height (H-m), and individual volume (VOL-m³/arv). At seven years of age, the resin flow potential (RSN-g) was measured through microresination. The descriptive analysis was performed using the SELEGEN software. The analysis of variance was performed according to the REML/BLUP procedure in the R software. A significant difference at the 1% level was detected between treatments, only for height and DBH. The mean values (minimum to maximum) for height, DBH and resin flow were: 8 m (2 to 15.70 m), 13 cm (0.95 to 26.42 cm) and 0.50 g, (0.01 to 17.01 g), respectively. The correlations between the growth traits were high and significant, and for resin flow they were low and not significant. The observed phenotypic variation indicates that the hybrid between P. elliottii var. elliottii x P. caribaea var. bahamensis presented the best results and could generate significant gains for wood and resin production through the selection of individuals to compose commercial populations or pine genetic improvement trials.
Impacto da disseminação da informação sobre o Transtorno Do Espectro Autista: estudo misto exploratório
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-02) Ramirez, César Antonio Fabián; Galvão, Maria Cristiane Barbosa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9163421021115381; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3971-5743; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7384265675189704; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6448-9187
Autism spectrum disorder, also known by its abbreviation ASD, is a condition characterized by persistent deficits in two major areas: 1) social communication and social interaction; and 2) restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, and activities. This study evaluated the impact of disseminating information about autism to family members and caregivers of autistic children. This research was configured as a longitudinal exploratory mixed study (qualitative followed by quantitative). This type of research is focused on the emergence of new ideas and analysis of contexts so that the researcher has greater proximity to the subject. In the qualitative stage, the informational demands of the population on autism spectrum disorder were mapped in two scenarios, one in the Southeast and the other in the North region of Brazil. At this stage, it was observed that the main informational demands of the population about autism spectrum disorder are: family support, self-realization, characteristics of autism spectrum disorder, diagnosis, self-care features, affective features, cognitive features, communicational features, occupational features, origin of autism spectrum disorder, prejudice, treatment and cure. In the quantitative stage, eight informational contents were disseminated to 73 participants, caregivers of autistic children during the psychological consultation, in 2024, in the Northern Region of Brazil. In the dissemination process, the companions evaluated each of the contents, totaling 584 evaluations regarding the eight informational contents disseminated. Among the most significant findings, it is worth highlighting that the study participants claim that the information disseminated taught them something new (319, 54.6%), encouraged them to learn more about the subject (251, 43.0%), helped them to better understand autism (435, 74.6%) and prepared them to discuss autism with other people (361, 61.9%). As a contribution to the field of Information Science, knowledge was explained and systematized that can guide institutions, services and information systems that prioritize the care of the community involved with autism spectrum disorder.
Sapatonices em foco: explorando narrativas sapatonas em curtas-metragens brasileiros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-02) Santos, Jaqueline Aparecida dos; Saraiva, Leandro Rocha; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9499533247209958; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0812471355868954
This dissertation analyzes contemporary Brazilian short films whose narrative focus is on lesbian and slut experiences. The research investigates how cinematographic forms are appropriated for the production of slutty subjectivities and the creation of audiovisual content that addresses these themes, breaking with classic and cisheteronormative standards. This is based on an investigation of the narrative forms that develop in relation to the regime of visualities and the constitution of their own images, which escape the policies of control and surveillance of bodies. In this context, bodies are used as tools for documenting and affirming existence. This work is based on comparative analyses of short films, highlighting the creation of new limits of representation that reinforce deviant practices based on a policy of affirming differences, disorganizing cisheterosexual institutions on screen.
A língua na tela: descrição e análise da variação do objeto direto anafórico de terceira pessoa em legendas profissionais e fansubs
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-02) Azevedo, Lívia Oliveira; Biazolli, Caroline Carnielli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7908630593356660; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8578-8102; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8184443512616074; https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3137-4991
Assuming that an examination of the intersections between linguistic variation and genres is not only desirable but essential to understand variation (Vieira; Lima, 2019; Biazolli; Berlinck, 2021; Lima, 2022; Vieira, in progress), this study aims to (i) discuss how the realization of third-person anaphoric direct object occurs in a corpus of subtitles for the TV show Grey’s Anatomy and (ii) describe audiovisual subtitles as a genre. Based on the theoretical and methodological framework of the Theory of Variation and Linguistic Change (Weinreich; Labov; Herzog, 2006[1978]; Labov, 1982, 2001, 2003, 2008[1972]), the first step of the research was the compilation of the corpus of subtitles, which gathered two samples: one of professional subtitles extracted from the Amazon Prime Video streaming platform using a user script, and another of fan-made subtitles downloaded for free from the Legendas.TV website – the so-called fansubs. With this material, the characterization of the subtitles based on the concept of genre (Bakhtin, 2016[1979]; Marcuschi, 2005, 2008, 2010) began, considering structural characteristics discussed through the principles of Audiovisual Translation (Zabalbeascoa, 2008; Díaz-Cintas, 2010; Remael, 2010; Franco; Araújo, 2011), and situational characteristics, based on the proposal of Biber and Conrad (2009). Simultaneously, all occurrences of the phenomenon were collected, and the independent variables of the study were defined, considering both the literature on the phenomenon available (cf. Omena, 1978; Duarte; 1986; Cyrino, 1994; Marafoni, 2004; Freire, 2005; Santana, 2016; Lima, 2022, among others), and the specificities of the genre at focus. After each occurrence was encoded, the statistical analysis of the data was conducted using the R platform (R Core Team, 2023). As a general result, a prevalence of the accusative clitic was observed in the corpus, with this being the most used variant in all contexts, except in two: when referring to antecedents that were not animated and as complements of non-finite forms, both of which had the null object as the most productive strategy. The phenomenon was correlated not only to linguistic but also to extralinguistic variables, including genre-related ones such as number of characters per line and per second. Combining the results of the statistical analyses with a qualitative examination focused on the subtitles, it was concluded that the analyzed samples seem to be quite homogeneous, with little difference between professional subtitles and fansubs, which suggests that the different production contexts of these two types of subtitles do not have a relevant impact on the linguistic uses observed. Furthermore, the realization of the third-person anaphoric accusative seemed to occur in a particular way in subtitles, presenting strong connection with the structural and situational specificities of this genre.
A perspectiva de adolescentes sobre o cuidado da saúde mental e contribuições da Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-02) Arenhart, Isis Fernanda; Barbosa Neto, Jair Borges; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9551566039906499; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3358-7613; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1049020377748899
The age period known as adolescence includes a wide range of experiences, depending on multiple factors such as the territory where one lives, income levels, race, ethnicity, gender, and more. Studies show that mental health problems such as depressive and anxious disorders, non-suicidal self-injury, self-harming behaviors, suicide ideation and attempts, and suicide itself have been increasing in this population. However, child and adolescent mental health policies are relatively recent. The Primary Health Care Service (Unidade Básica de Saúde - UBS), as a part of the Psychosocial Care Network, has the mission of promoting health and territorial care. This study aimed to identify the perspective of adolescents on mental health care and possible contributions of the UBS, to explore the strategies participants used for their own mental health care, to understand how they accessed mental health care activities at the UBS, and to identify their perspectives on the weaknesses and strengths of the UBS in providing this care. Eight adolescents aged 15 to 19 years (under 20), users of a UBS in a large municipality in the interior of São Paulo state, participated in the study. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with the adolescents, using a brief video as a prompt along with guiding questions. A report was created for each interview, sent to the respective participant for validation. The data were then fully transcribed, with participants anonymized using fictitious names, and underwent thematic analysis. The strategies for mental health care used by the participants involved talking about their feelings, psychological care at the UBS, engaging in pleasurable activities, and problem-solving and coping attitudes. Access to mental health care at the UBS was facilitated by the support of a responsible family member and/or referral from the school, with previous contact or connection with a UBS worker also serving as a facilitator. Participants identified several scientifically well-documented weaknesses in access to the UBS, including transportation difficulties, long waiting times for care, limited human resources, and concerns about privacy and confidentiality. They also mentioned a lack of information about the unit's offers and how to access them. Participants who accessed mental health care at the UBS had varied experiences with the unit's reception. Despite the waits, the free service was seen as a positive point, along with the existence of priority criteria for urgent situations and the non-judgmental attitude of the professionals. The study underscored the significance of developing mental health initiatives within the school environment. Access to community facilities (sports, leisure, and culture) was also pointed out as important for promoting mental health. The findings highlight the necessity for intersectoral collaboration, advocating for integrated service planning, as well as continuous training for health professionals and others who work with adolescents, especially those in education services, to be prepared to provide support on mental health issues.
Expressão, purificação e caracterização das luciferases de Cratomorphus distinctus (Lampyridae) e Euryopa clarindae (Phengodidae) e sondagem de suas aplicabilidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-02) Benites, Gabrielle Rodrigues; Viviani, Vadim Ravara; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3942043373510668; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5558-9199; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8331548591902783; https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0675-4225
Luciferases are the enzymes that catalyze the bioluminescence reaction in organisms such as beetles. Bioluminescence has been used for bioanalytical purposes for decades, including ATP detection assays, enzymatic assays, microbiological contamination of products in the food industry, as a reporter gene for pollutant biosensors, intracellular pH and heavy metal indicators, and bioimaging. Our research group has cloned the largest number and variety of beetle luciferases in the world, some already having bioanalytical applications, however there are still several luciferases and mutant forms with interesting properties that we have produced, but which have not yet been well characterized and applied. With the aim of expanding the range of applications, especially in biosensors for pH and potentially toxic metals, we carried out the characterization of the pH-sensitive luciferases from the lampyrid C. distinctus and the orange light-emitting luciferase from the phengodid E. clarindae. To achieve this, we subcloned the luciferase cDNA from C. distinctus and E. clarindae into a pCold vector, transformed E. coli BL21DE3 bacteria and expressed and purified the two luciferases by affinity chromatography on nickel-agarose resin. The tests showed that the C. distinctus luciferase has a high catalytic efficiency for ATP and lower for LH2, when compared to other lampyrid luciferases, in addition to having excellent sensitivity to pH and metals, especially mercury. The E. clarindae luciferase showed a high KM for LH2 and low for ATP, when compared to luciferases from other phengodids. Thus, C. distinctus luciferase has potential applicability as a mercury and pH sensor protein; while the insensitive luciferase from E. clarindae has potential as a reporter gene. Furthermore, the orange light-emitting luciferase from E. clarindae constitutes another important model to understand the structure x bioluminescence spectra relationship in coleopteran luciferases and the origin of the different bioluminescence colors.
Capoeira na literatura infantil: contribuições para a Educação das Relações Étnico-Raciais (ERER)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-05) Feliciano, Rayane; Monteiro, Maria Iolanda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4189205834370563; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-1437
The present thesis is a bibliographic research with the objective of analyzing, in scientific production, the importance of capoeira in children's literature, in order to understand its relevance for an anti-racist education in accordance with Law 10.639 (Brazil, 2003). Therefore, it is necessary to investigate, "What is the contribution of capoeira to the Education of Ethnic-Racial Relations - ERER?" and "What do theses and dissertations say about capoeira in children's literature?" For the theoretical foundation, authors who are essential for understanding the topics addressed in this thesis were used, such as Gonzales; Hasenbalg (1982); Schwarc (1993); Lajolo; Zilberman (1993; 2004); Abramovich (1997); Fonseca (2006); Adichie (2009); Cuti (2010); Silva (2015); Gomes (2017); Souza (2017) and Columá (2020). In summary, capoeira is configured as a technology for transmitting knowledge through language, discourses, and narratives that contribute to the education of ethnic-racial relations. Capoeira, aligned with children's literature, expands the sociocultural repertoire and promotes human formation and less discriminatory attitudes by valuing black and Afro-Brazilian culture.
Mapeamento de uso e cobertura da terra e levantamento florístico e fitossociológico em fragmento de vegetação nativa na Guarnição de Aeronáutica de Pirassununga-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-05) Queiroz, Israel Henrique Buttner; Sebastiani, Renata; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9773755519907716; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4565-6137; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1284583166118910; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4465-0091
The native vegetation of São Paulo is highly fragmented in different sizes, many of which still have no biological record. The Aeronautics Garrison of Pirassununga (GUARNAE-YS) has about 2000 hectares (ha) of remnants of cerrado vegetation, Riparian Forest and transition areas. Remote sensing assists in mapping vegetation and land use and cover changes (UCT). Besides the reduction of the areas of Cerrado sensu lato, there was the conversion of more open to more closed phytophysiognomies. In this context, phytosociological research is fundamental to verify floristic and structural changes in vegetation over time. The objective of this dissertation was to study the cerrado vegetation in the GUARNAE-YS, through the analysis of the UCT, floristic survey and phytosociological analysis. The objective of the first chapter was to recognize the UCT classes of the GUARNAE-YS and evaluate the accuracy of the classification of the MapBiomas project of 1985 and 2021 with pixels of 30 and 10 m. MapBiomas data were edited manually through the visual interpretation of satellite images for quantify pixels with errors of omission and commission, in addition to evaluating changes in CTU. In the analyzed period, there was a reduction of the Savanna Formation and the Mosaic of Uses, while the Forest Formation increased. The highest proportion classes were the Mosaic of Uses occupying almost half of the entire area followed by the Forest Formation, which was the largest among the areas of native vegetation. The Kappa index in the analyzed mappings indicate a very good agreement. The second chapter aimed to carry out a preliminary survey of trees in two forest fragments of the GUARNAE-YS, the transition between Cerradão and Seasonal Semideciduous Forest (FES) containing a patch of Cerrado sensu stricto (s.s.), and another fragment of FES associated with the Riparian Forest. Through random collections, 47 families and 125 species were recognized, of which 82 species have traditional Brazilian use and six are under some degree of threat, an invasive species that requires attention was also recognized. The aim of the third chapter was to describe the floristic, phytosociological and structural composition of the Cerrado sensu stricto (s.s.) of the GUARNAE-YS. The phytosociological census was performed with the inclusion criterion D30 5 cm and calculated the phytosociological parameters and diameter distribution and height of the individuals. Forty species from 24 families were identified, below the value of the other studies. There is dominance of few species in the community highlighting the family Fabaceae by the richness in species and community structure. In the absence of fires, the vegetation became almost all forest except where there is military training indicating that this action delayed the density. Species intolerant to the shaded environment were recognized, and their permanence in the vegetation depends on the heterogeneous environment of the Cerrado s.s. The structural aspects of the the recognized species and the history of the site allow to affirm that the Cerrado s.s. patch studied is an encrave in the middle of the transition fragment between Cerradão and FES. The results of this dissertation highlight the potential of the GUARNAE-YS to the conservation of biodiversity in the Mogi Guaçu River Basin.
Fotografia como ferramenta pedagógica no ensino de Botânica: uma avaliação de impacto no Ensino Fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-05) Soares, Anderson Persi; Fernandes, Hylio Laganá; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1315602045624096; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0922-867X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9149679311408532; https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2169-1523
The present dissertation investigated the use of photography as a pedagogical tool in the teaching of Botany in elementary education, evaluating its impact on students' engagement and understanding of plants. Motivated by the researcher's 15 years of teaching experience, the research sought to understand the difficulties students face in studying Botany, addressing the issue of plant blindness, where plants are often undervalued and ignored by the general public, which is reflected in the school environment. This study highlighted the need for new pedagogical strategies to address these challenges. The theoretical foundation was based on the principles of Charles Sanders Peirce's semiotics. Semiotics was applied to analyze how visual signs (photographs) create meanings and establish relationships with observers. The adopted methodology was qualitative, centered on the analysis of descriptions that students made of photographs presented by the teacher and on the production of their own photographs after group discussions. This process revealed the transition of students from an interpretation based on secondness, focusing on the direct relationship with the photographed object, to a more complex and symbolic approach, characterizing thirdness, where students contextualize and interpret images more comprehensively. The results showed that the integration of photography in the teaching of Botany increased students' interest and engagement, promoting a deeper and more critical understanding of the content. The students began to recognize and value more complex aspects of plants, re-signifying their previous knowledge and building new understandings. This research contributed to the field of science education by demonstrating the potential of photography as a valuable pedagogical tool, promoting more active and contextualized learning. The adopted approach opened new perspectives for teac
Anne of Green Gables (1908) e o romance de formação feminino, uma leitura política
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-05) Augusto, Pamela Giovana; Ferreira, Carla Alexandra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5522506928191940; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2826425160144311
This master’s thesis studies with the book Anne of Green Gables (1908), written by Canadian author Lucy Maud Montgomery. The aim of this research is to present a political reading of the novel, as proposed by critic Fredric Jameson (1992). We are going to analyze the formation process of a female protagonist. Showing how she reconciles the oppositions of a woman's social role and her personal dreams in the equally developing Canadian society. To do so, it will be necessary to historicize the book and understand it within the Female Bildungsroman literary genre - a novel of female development. This genre was born as a masculine expression and scope. Later it was occupied by women. Our specific aim is to show how society is built in an environment of English patriarchal heritage, creating differences and oppressing its citizens and how this order is challenged by new ideas for the role of women. To achieve this goal, we will follow the assumptions of Anglo-American feminist criticism and Jameson's contemporary dialectic criticism, through the methodology of the three levels of narrative interpretation. Thus, we will reach the political unconscious of Canadian society figured in the novel. As a result, we hope to contribute to the study of gender and the study of 20th century North American Literature.
Soluções normalizadas para equações de Schrödinger de massa supercrítica com potencial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-05) Tomaz, Carolina Santana; Miyagaki, Olímpio Hiroshi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2646698407526867; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5608-3760; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6697594301247834; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7329-2399
In this work, we are interested in proving the existence of normalized solutions to the Schrödinger equation -∆u+V(x)u+λu=|u|^(p-2)u, in R^N, in the supercritical mass case and subcritical Sobolev case, 2+4/N < p < 2^* ≡ 2N/(N-2)^+. The existence of a solution (u, λ) ϵ H^1(R^N) x R^N with a prescribed norm will be ensured under various technical conditions on the potential V:R^N → R. Firstly, we will prove the existence of a solution where V is positive and vanishing at infinity. Next, we will prove the existence of a solution if V is a negative potential. The respective solutions will be obtained as a critical point of functionals constrained to the sphere S_ρ in L^2(R^N) and λ will be a Lagrange multiplier. The results will be proved using Variational Methods.