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Processo de regulamentação de dispositivos médicos no brasil: da anvisa até o consumidor final
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-02)
Porto, Ingrid Graziele Carvalho
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Cunha, Daniel
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Backes, Eduardo Henrique
;
lattes.cnpq.br/6407713491620749
The medical device market in Brazil is constantly growing, highlighting the need to prove the efficacy and safety of these products, both nationally and internationally. Regulatory agencies, such as the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA), are responsible for protecting the health of the population, ensuring this protection through the inspection of the production and sale of medical devices. The process of regularizing these devices is based on a set of legal instruments, including regulations, resolutions, and standards. In addition, companies that wish to manufacture these devices must obtain certifications and licenses. This study aims to analyze the Brazilian regulatory system for medical devices under the jurisdiction of ANVISA. The guidelines established by the regulatory agency and the stages of the regulatory process, from registration to post-registration, were addressed. In addition, an illustrative case study was presented, applying the topics discussed. Throughout the study, it was possible to observe that commercializing devices in Brazil is still complex and time-consuming, despite efforts to reduce the time through new regulations. This can discourage entrepreneurs and limit innovation in the medical sector, making it difficult for Brazilian patients to access new technologies and treatments. Therefore, it is important to seek solutions that streamline and simplify this process, creating a more favorable environment for developing and improving medical advances in the country without compromising the efficacy and safety of the products sold.
Sapatonices em foco: explorando narrativas sapatonas em curtas-metragens brasileiros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-02)
Santos, Jaqueline Aparecida dos
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Saraiva, Leandro Rocha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9499533247209958
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0812471355868954
This dissertation analyzes contemporary Brazilian short films whose narrative focus is on lesbian and slut experiences. The research investigates how cinematographic forms are appropriated for the production of slutty subjectivities and the creation of audiovisual content that addresses these themes, breaking with classic and cisheteronormative standards. This is based on an investigation of the narrative forms that develop in relation to the regime of visualities and the constitution of their own images, which escape the policies of control and surveillance of bodies. In this context, bodies are used as tools for documenting and affirming existence. This work is based on comparative analyses of short films, highlighting the creation of new limits of representation that reinforce deviant practices based on a policy of affirming differences, disorganizing cisheterosexual institutions on screen.
Impacto da disseminação da informação sobre o Transtorno Do Espectro Autista: estudo misto exploratório
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-02)
Ramirez, César Antonio Fabián
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Galvão, Maria Cristiane Barbosa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9163421021115381
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3971-5743
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7384265675189704
Autism spectrum disorder, also known by its abbreviation ASD, is a condition characterized by persistent deficits in two major areas: 1) social communication and social interaction; and 2) restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, and activities. This study evaluated the impact of disseminating information about autism to family members and caregivers of autistic children. This research was configured as a longitudinal exploratory mixed study (qualitative followed by quantitative). This type of research is focused on the emergence of new ideas and analysis of contexts so that the researcher has greater proximity to the subject. In the qualitative stage, the informational demands of the population on autism spectrum disorder were mapped in two scenarios, one in the Southeast and the other in the North region of Brazil. At this stage, it was observed that the main informational demands of the population about autism spectrum disorder are: family support, self-realization, characteristics of autism spectrum disorder, diagnosis, self-care features, affective features, cognitive features, communicational features, occupational features, origin of autism spectrum disorder, prejudice, treatment and cure. In the quantitative stage, eight informational contents were disseminated to 73 participants, caregivers of autistic children during the psychological consultation, in 2024, in the Northern Region of Brazil. In the dissemination process, the companions evaluated each of the contents, totaling 584 evaluations regarding the eight informational contents disseminated. Among the most significant findings, it is worth highlighting that the study participants claim that the information disseminated taught them something new (319, 54.6%), encouraged them to learn more about the subject (251, 43.0%), helped them to better understand autism (435, 74.6%) and prepared them to discuss autism with other people (361, 61.9%). As a contribution to the field of Information Science, knowledge was explained and systematized that can guide institutions, services and information systems that prioritize the care of the community involved with autism spectrum disorder.
Efeito da administração de melatonina na recuperação metabólica após exercício de natação em ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-02)
Cipriano, Alinson Eduardo
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Beck, Wladimir Rafael
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3124811889307056
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7176-2713
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1595337567309735
Melatonin has the potential to act in the recovery process after physical exercise, however, there are no studies on the effects of this compound on energy metabolism and tissue damage after isoload exercise. In isoload exercise, animals are subjected to the same workload in all exercise sessions, ensuring greater uniformity in the physical stimuli applied. This study aimed to evaluate how melatonin administration after isoload exercise impacts energy metabolism and markers of tissue damage. Sixty Wistar animals were subjected to a 60 min swimming exercise at 90% of their maximum aerobic capacity (iMAC), followed by intraperitoneal administration of melatonin (EM; 10 mg.kg-1) or control (Ex) of the same volume and components, except melatonin, and after that, the animals were euthanized 1, 3 or 24 hours. Blood was collected to analyze the concentration of lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, glucose and triglycerides; skeletal muscle tissue (white and red gastrocnemius, and gluteus maximus) and liver for quantification of glycogen content; (soleus, white and red gastrocnemius, and gluteus maximus) and liver for quantification of triglyceride content; skeletal muscle tissue (gluteus maximus) and liver for quantification of the pool of amino acids and acylcarnitines. Tissue samples were extracted and had their amino acid and acylcarnitine profiles determined using flow injection analysis (FIA) coupled to targeted mass spectrometry (MS). Data were presented as mean ± standard deviation of the mean, submitted to the Two-way ANOVA test and Newman-Keuls post hoc was used to analyze the effects of melatonin (two levels) and the effect of time (three levels). Effect size analysis and confidence interval were used as complementary tests. A significance level of 5% was adopted for all analyses, performed using Statistics 7.0 software (StatSoft, Inc.; Tulsa, OK, United States). The results were divided into two chapters. In chapter 1, animals treated with melatonin did not show any significant results in the hepatic amino acid pool, but in skeletal muscle, melatonin increased the pool of amino acids such as arginine (F = 13.27; p = 0.001), glutamic acid (F = 5.92; p = 0.023), citrulline (F = 10.72; p = 0.003), glutamine (F = 8.15; p = 0.009), ornithine (F = 4.88; p = 0.037), proline (F = 15.13; p = 0.001) and serine (F = 7.23; p = 0.013) in relation to the control. Melatonin also increased the glycine pool 3 hours post exercise compared to the control group (EM3>Ex3; p = 0.034) and reduced the methionine pool 24 hours post exercise compared to the control group (EM24
Híbridos e espécies de pínus com potencial para produção de madeira e resina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-02)
Menucelli, João Roberto
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Aguiar, Ananda Virginia de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5613653432409380
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1225-7623
;
Longui, Eduardo Luiz
This study aimed to evaluate the potential of pine species and interspecific hybrids for wood and resin production. In 2013, a test of hybrids and pure pine species was implemented in the Pederneiras State Forest. The species used were: P. elliottii var. elliottii, P. caribaea var. hondurensis, P. caribaea var. bahamensis. The hybrids were: P. elliottii var. elliottii x P. caribaea var. hondurensis and P. elliottii var. elliottii x P. caribaea var. bahamensis. A randomized complete block experimental design was adopted with five treatments, three blocks of each treatment with 189 seedlings, for a total of 567 per treatment. The spacing used was 3.5 x 3.0 meters. At six years of age, the following traits were measured: diameter at breast height (DBH-cm) and total height (H-m), and individual volume (VOL-m³/arv). At seven years of age, the resin flow potential (RSN-g) was measured through microresination. The descriptive analysis was performed using the SELEGEN software. The analysis of variance was performed according to the REML/BLUP procedure in the R software. A significant difference at the 1% level was detected between treatments, only for height and DBH. The mean values (minimum to maximum) for height, DBH and resin flow were: 8 m (2 to 15.70 m), 13 cm (0.95 to 26.42 cm) and 0.50 g, (0.01 to 17.01 g), respectively. The correlations between the growth traits were high and significant, and for resin flow they were low and not significant. The observed phenotypic variation indicates that the hybrid between P. elliottii var. elliottii x P. caribaea var. bahamensis presented the best results and could generate significant gains for wood and resin production through the selection of individuals to compose commercial populations or pine genetic improvement trials.
Expressão, purificação e caracterização das luciferases de Cratomorphus distinctus (Lampyridae) e Euryopa clarindae (Phengodidae) e sondagem de suas aplicabilidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-02)
Benites, Gabrielle Rodrigues
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Viviani, Vadim Ravara
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3942043373510668
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5558-9199
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8331548591902783
Luciferases are the enzymes that catalyze the bioluminescence reaction in organisms such as beetles. Bioluminescence has been used for bioanalytical purposes for decades, including ATP detection assays, enzymatic assays, microbiological contamination of products in the food industry, as a reporter gene for pollutant biosensors, intracellular pH and heavy metal indicators, and bioimaging. Our research group has cloned the largest number and variety of beetle luciferases in the world, some already having bioanalytical applications, however there are still several luciferases and mutant forms with interesting properties that we have produced, but which have not yet been well characterized and applied. With the aim of expanding the range of applications, especially in biosensors for pH and potentially toxic metals, we carried out the characterization of the pH-sensitive luciferases from the lampyrid C. distinctus and the orange light-emitting luciferase from the phengodid E. clarindae. To achieve this, we subcloned the luciferase cDNA from C. distinctus and E. clarindae into a pCold vector, transformed E. coli BL21DE3 bacteria and expressed and purified the two luciferases by affinity chromatography on nickel-agarose resin. The tests showed that the C. distinctus luciferase has a high catalytic efficiency for ATP and lower for LH2, when compared to other lampyrid luciferases, in addition to having excellent sensitivity to pH and metals, especially mercury. The E. clarindae luciferase showed a high KM for LH2 and low for ATP, when compared to luciferases from other phengodids. Thus, C. distinctus luciferase has potential applicability as a mercury and pH sensor protein; while the insensitive luciferase from E. clarindae has potential as a reporter gene. Furthermore, the orange light-emitting luciferase from E. clarindae constitutes another important model to understand the structure x bioluminescence spectra relationship in coleopteran luciferases and the origin of the different bioluminescence colors.
A perspectiva de adolescentes sobre o cuidado da saúde mental e contribuições da Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-02)
Arenhart, Isis Fernanda
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Barbosa Neto, Jair Borges
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9551566039906499
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3358-7613
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1049020377748899
The age period known as adolescence includes a wide range of experiences, depending on multiple factors such as the territory where one lives, income levels, race, ethnicity, gender, and more. Studies show that mental health problems such as depressive and anxious disorders, non-suicidal self-injury, self-harming behaviors, suicide ideation and attempts, and suicide itself have been increasing in this population. However, child and adolescent mental health policies are relatively recent. The Primary Health Care Service (Unidade Básica de Saúde - UBS), as a part of the Psychosocial Care Network, has the mission of promoting health and territorial care. This study aimed to identify the perspective of adolescents on mental health care and possible contributions of the UBS, to explore the strategies participants used for their own mental health care, to understand how they accessed mental health care activities at the UBS, and to identify their perspectives on the weaknesses and strengths of the UBS in providing this care. Eight adolescents aged 15 to 19 years (under 20), users of a UBS in a large municipality in the interior of São Paulo state, participated in the study. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with the adolescents, using a brief video as a prompt along with guiding questions. A report was created for each interview, sent to the respective participant for validation. The data were then fully transcribed, with participants anonymized using fictitious names, and underwent thematic analysis. The strategies for mental health care used by the participants involved talking about their feelings, psychological care at the UBS, engaging in pleasurable activities, and problem-solving and coping attitudes. Access to mental health care at the UBS was facilitated by the support of a responsible family member and/or referral from the school, with previous contact or connection with a UBS worker also serving as a facilitator. Participants identified several scientifically well-documented weaknesses in access to the UBS, including transportation difficulties, long waiting times for care, limited human resources, and concerns about privacy and confidentiality. They also mentioned a lack of information about the unit's offers and how to access them. Participants who accessed mental health care at the UBS had varied experiences with the unit's reception. Despite the waits, the free service was seen as a positive point, along with the existence of priority criteria for urgent situations and the non-judgmental attitude of the professionals. The study underscored the significance of developing mental health initiatives within the school environment. Access to community facilities (sports, leisure, and culture) was also pointed out as important for promoting mental health. The findings highlight the necessity for intersectoral collaboration, advocating for integrated service planning, as well as continuous training for health professionals and others who work with adolescents, especially those in education services, to be prepared to provide support on mental health issues.
A língua na tela: descrição e análise da variação do objeto direto anafórico de terceira pessoa em legendas profissionais e fansubs
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-02)
Azevedo, Lívia Oliveira
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Biazolli, Caroline Carnielli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7908630593356660
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8578-8102
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8184443512616074
Assuming that an examination of the intersections between linguistic variation and genres is not only desirable but essential to understand variation (Vieira; Lima, 2019; Biazolli; Berlinck, 2021; Lima, 2022; Vieira, in progress), this study aims to (i) discuss how the realization of third-person anaphoric direct object occurs in a corpus of subtitles for the TV show Grey’s Anatomy and (ii) describe audiovisual subtitles as a genre. Based on the theoretical and methodological framework of the Theory of Variation and Linguistic Change (Weinreich; Labov; Herzog, 2006[1978]; Labov, 1982, 2001, 2003, 2008[1972]), the first step of the research was the compilation of the corpus of subtitles, which gathered two samples: one of professional subtitles extracted from the Amazon Prime Video streaming platform using a user script, and another of fan-made subtitles downloaded for free from the Legendas.TV website – the so-called fansubs. With this material, the characterization of the subtitles based on the concept of genre (Bakhtin, 2016[1979]; Marcuschi, 2005, 2008, 2010) began, considering structural characteristics discussed through the principles of Audiovisual Translation (Zabalbeascoa, 2008; Díaz-Cintas, 2010; Remael, 2010; Franco; Araújo, 2011), and situational characteristics, based on the proposal of Biber and Conrad (2009). Simultaneously, all occurrences of the phenomenon were collected, and the independent variables of the study were defined, considering both the literature on the phenomenon available (cf. Omena, 1978; Duarte; 1986; Cyrino, 1994; Marafoni, 2004; Freire, 2005; Santana, 2016; Lima, 2022, among others), and the specificities of the genre at focus. After each occurrence was encoded, the statistical analysis of the data was conducted using the R platform (R Core Team, 2023). As a general result, a prevalence of the accusative clitic was observed in the corpus, with this being the most used variant in all contexts, except in two: when referring to antecedents that were not animated and as complements of non-finite forms, both of which had the null object as the most productive strategy. The phenomenon was correlated not only to linguistic but also to extralinguistic variables, including genre-related ones such as number of characters per line and per second. Combining the results of the statistical analyses with a qualitative examination focused on the subtitles, it was concluded that the analyzed samples seem to be quite homogeneous, with little difference between professional subtitles and fansubs, which suggests that the different production contexts of these two types of subtitles do not have a relevant impact on the linguistic uses observed. Furthermore, the realization of the third-person anaphoric accusative seemed to occur in a particular way in subtitles, presenting strong connection with the structural and situational specificities of this genre.
Mapeamento de uso e cobertura da terra e levantamento florístico e fitossociológico em fragmento de vegetação nativa na Guarnição de Aeronáutica de Pirassununga-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-05)
Queiroz, Israel Henrique Buttner
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Sebastiani, Renata
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9773755519907716
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4565-6137
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1284583166118910
The native vegetation of São Paulo is highly fragmented in different sizes, many of which still have no biological record. The Aeronautics Garrison of Pirassununga (GUARNAE-YS) has about 2000 hectares (ha) of remnants of cerrado vegetation, Riparian Forest and transition areas. Remote sensing assists in mapping vegetation and land use and cover changes (UCT). Besides the reduction of the areas of Cerrado sensu lato, there was the conversion of more open to more closed phytophysiognomies. In this context, phytosociological research is fundamental to verify floristic and structural changes in vegetation over time. The objective of this dissertation was to study the cerrado vegetation in the GUARNAE-YS, through the analysis of the UCT, floristic survey and phytosociological analysis. The objective of the first chapter was to recognize the UCT classes of the GUARNAE-YS and evaluate the accuracy of the classification of the MapBiomas project of 1985 and 2021 with pixels of 30 and 10 m. MapBiomas data were edited manually through the visual interpretation of satellite images for quantify pixels with errors of omission and commission, in addition to evaluating changes in CTU. In the analyzed period, there was a reduction of the Savanna Formation and the Mosaic of Uses, while the Forest Formation increased. The highest proportion classes were the Mosaic of Uses occupying almost half of the entire area followed by the Forest Formation, which was the largest among the areas of native vegetation. The Kappa index in the analyzed mappings indicate a very good agreement. The second chapter aimed to carry out a preliminary survey of trees in two forest fragments of the GUARNAE-YS, the transition between Cerradão and Seasonal Semideciduous Forest (FES) containing a patch of Cerrado sensu stricto (s.s.), and another fragment of FES associated with the Riparian Forest. Through random collections, 47 families and 125 species were recognized, of which 82 species have traditional Brazilian use and six are under some degree of threat, an invasive species that requires attention was also recognized. The aim of the third chapter was to describe the floristic, phytosociological and structural composition of the Cerrado sensu stricto (s.s.) of the GUARNAE-YS. The phytosociological census was performed with the inclusion criterion D30 5 cm and calculated the phytosociological parameters and diameter distribution and height of the individuals. Forty species from 24 families were identified, below the value of the other studies. There is dominance of few species in the community highlighting the family Fabaceae by the richness in species and community structure. In the absence of fires, the vegetation became almost all forest except where there is military training indicating that this action delayed the density. Species intolerant to the shaded environment were recognized, and their permanence in the vegetation depends on the heterogeneous environment of the Cerrado s.s. The structural aspects of the the recognized species and the history of the site allow to affirm that the Cerrado s.s. patch studied is an encrave in the middle of the transition fragment between Cerradão and FES. The results of this dissertation highlight the potential of the GUARNAE-YS to the conservation of biodiversity in the Mogi Guaçu River Basin.
Capoeira na literatura infantil: contribuições para a Educação das Relações Étnico-Raciais (ERER)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-05)
Feliciano, Rayane
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Monteiro, Maria Iolanda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4189205834370563
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-1437
The present thesis is a bibliographic research with the objective of analyzing, in scientific production, the importance of capoeira in children's literature, in order to understand its relevance for an anti-racist education in accordance with Law 10.639 (Brazil, 2003). Therefore, it is necessary to investigate, "What is the contribution of capoeira to the Education of Ethnic-Racial Relations - ERER?" and "What do theses and dissertations say about capoeira in children's literature?" For the theoretical foundation, authors who are essential for understanding the topics addressed in this thesis were used, such as Gonzales; Hasenbalg (1982); Schwarc (1993); Lajolo; Zilberman (1993; 2004); Abramovich (1997); Fonseca (2006); Adichie (2009); Cuti (2010); Silva (2015); Gomes (2017); Souza (2017) and Columá (2020). In summary, capoeira is configured as a technology for transmitting knowledge through language, discourses, and narratives that contribute to the education of ethnic-racial relations. Capoeira, aligned with children's literature, expands the sociocultural repertoire and promotes human formation and less discriminatory attitudes by valuing black and Afro-Brazilian culture.
Soluções normalizadas para equações de Schrödinger de massa supercrítica com potencial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-05)
Tomaz, Carolina Santana
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Miyagaki, Olímpio Hiroshi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2646698407526867
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5608-3760
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6697594301247834
In this work, we are interested in proving the existence of normalized solutions to the Schrödinger equation -∆u+V(x)u+λu=|u|^(p-2)u, in R^N, in the supercritical mass case and subcritical Sobolev case, 2+4/N < p < 2^* ≡ 2N/(N-2)^+. The existence of a solution (u, λ) ϵ H^1(R^N) x R^N with a prescribed norm will be ensured under various technical conditions on the potential V:R^N → R. Firstly, we will prove the existence of a solution where V is positive and vanishing at infinity. Next, we will prove the existence of a solution if V is a negative potential. The respective solutions will be obtained as a critical point of functionals constrained to the sphere S_ρ in L^2(R^N) and λ will be a Lagrange multiplier. The results will be proved using Variational Methods.
Fotografia como ferramenta pedagógica no ensino de Botânica: uma avaliação de impacto no Ensino Fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-05)
Soares, Anderson Persi
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Fernandes, Hylio Laganá
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1315602045624096
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0922-867X
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9149679311408532
The present dissertation investigated the use of photography as a pedagogical tool in the teaching of Botany in elementary education, evaluating its impact on students' engagement and understanding of plants. Motivated by the researcher's 15 years of teaching experience, the research sought to understand the difficulties students face in studying Botany, addressing the issue of plant blindness, where plants are often undervalued and ignored by the general public, which is reflected in the school environment. This study highlighted the need for new pedagogical strategies to address these challenges. The theoretical foundation was based on the principles of Charles Sanders Peirce's semiotics. Semiotics was applied to analyze how visual signs (photographs) create meanings and establish relationships with observers. The adopted methodology was qualitative, centered on the analysis of descriptions that students made of photographs presented by the teacher and on the production of their own photographs after group discussions. This process revealed the transition of students from an interpretation based on secondness, focusing on the direct relationship with the photographed object, to a more complex and symbolic approach, characterizing thirdness, where students contextualize and interpret images more comprehensively. The results showed that the integration of photography in the teaching of Botany increased students' interest and engagement, promoting a deeper and more critical understanding of the content. The students began to recognize and value more complex aspects of plants, re-signifying their previous knowledge and building new understandings. This research contributed to the field of science education by demonstrating the potential of photography as a valuable pedagogical tool, promoting more active and contextualized learning. The adopted approach opened new perspectives for teac
Anne of Green Gables (1908) e o romance de formação feminino, uma leitura política
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-05)
Augusto, Pamela Giovana
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Ferreira, Carla Alexandra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5522506928191940
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2826425160144311
This master’s thesis studies with the book Anne of Green Gables (1908), written by Canadian author Lucy Maud Montgomery. The aim of this research is to present a political reading of the novel, as proposed by critic Fredric Jameson (1992). We are going to analyze the formation process of a female protagonist. Showing how she reconciles the oppositions of a woman's social role and her personal dreams in the equally developing Canadian society. To do so, it will be necessary to historicize the book and understand it within the Female Bildungsroman literary genre - a novel of female development. This genre was born as a masculine expression and scope. Later it was occupied by women. Our specific aim is to show how society is built in an environment of English patriarchal heritage, creating differences and oppressing its citizens and how this order is challenged by new ideas for the role of women. To achieve this goal, we will follow the assumptions of Anglo-American feminist criticism and Jameson's contemporary dialectic criticism, through the methodology of the three levels of narrative interpretation. Thus, we will reach the political unconscious of Canadian society figured in the novel. As a result, we hope to contribute to the study of gender and the study of 20th century North American Literature.
Dados: ações populares ambientais e ações civis públicas ambientais ajuizadas no estado de São Paulo no período de 2015 a 2022
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-06)
Ribeiro, Elen Pessoa de Queiroz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1314612121213589
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9220-4251
Apoio social e funcionalidade familiar de pessoas idosas em cuidados paliativos no contexto hospitalar: mapeamento das evidências e descrição do perfil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-06)
Silva, Ana Laura de Souza
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Ottaviani, Ana Carolina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6355920916125637
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4037-4587
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Santos-Orlandi, Ariene Angelini dos
Population aging is a global reality that demands new approaches to the healthcare of older people. Among these, palliative care emerges as essential to improving the quality of life for patients with severe and life-threatening illnesses. In this context, social support and family functionality play crucial roles, which can influence the general state and well-being of these patients, as well as facilitate adaptation to debilitating conditions. Objective: To analyze the social support and family functionality of older people eligible for and/or receiving palliative care in the hospital context, mapping the existing scientific evidence and describing the sociodemographic and clinical profile of this population. Method: The study was developed in two stages: a scoping review and a pilot study. The scoping review mapped scientific evidence in the databases of the Virtual Health Library, Embase, Medline/PubMed, and Scopus between 2019 and 2024. The pilot study included ten hospitalized older people, eligible for palliative care, in which sociodemographic, clinical, social support, and family functionality data were collected. Results: In the scoping review, four studies were selected, with participants predominantly male, ages ranging from 66 to 91 years, and multiple chronic diseases. Feelings of depression, anxiety, loneliness, and pain were prevalent. The social support network was perceived positively, but family functionality showed weaknesses, generating insecurity. Perceived social support increased over time, while feelings of loneliness and depression decreased. In the pilot study, most older people were male, diagnosed with neoplasms, and dependent on activities of daily living. The highest perceived social support score was in the material dimension, while the lowest was in emotional support. Family functionality was considered good, with weak but harmonious family ties. Conclusion: The study revealed that social support and family functionality are important factors in the experience of patients in palliative care, especially regarding emotional support and social interaction during hospital care. However, caregiver burden and family conflicts can lead to family dysfunction and negatively impact older people in hospital-based palliative care.
Formação de professores de ciências para pessoas com deficiência intelectual: uma pesquisa bibliográfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-06)
Santos, Priscila Maria dos
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Furlan, Elaine Gomes Matheus
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3179865576965852
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Bozzini, Isabela Custódio Talora
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0853746645322544
The training of teachers in the natural sciences is a field of knowledge that is related to various other areas and undergoes changes with each alteration in the historical, social and political process, as well as being a subject that has been widely researched over the years. This paper seeks to answer the following question: What does the literature say about the training of science teachers for people with intellectual disabilities? The aim is to highlight the fundamental elements for the training of natural science teachers from an inclusive perspective for PwID. The technical, practical, critical and communicative rationalities were used as theoretical foundations for teacher training models. The fundamentals of defectology were used as a basis for the development of people with intellectual disabilities. The following descriptors were used in the bibliographical research: teacher training, science teaching and intellectual disability, and the search was carried out in the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) databases. Based on the survey and the inclusion and exclusion criteria established, 7 articles were obtained for analysis. This data analysis was carried out in the light of content analysis, seeking to highlight elements considered fundamental to teacher training for maximum learning, so that they can also offer their students maximum learning. To this end, elements that are similar to or different from dialogic learning were highlighted, given that dialogic learning advocates maximum learning for all. The results obtained show that teacher training in Brazil, although theoretically valued, lacks effective practical implementation. The importance of continuous teacher training is highlighted, balancing content mastery and pedagogical reflection based on communicative rationality. Despite changes in educational policies, such as the LDB and the DCNs, a technical approach still prevails, focused on the transmission of content. The research also reveals a significant gap in science teaching for IDPs, with few studies directly addressing the training of teachers to work with these people in the classroom. Existing research focuses more on visual and hearing impairments, with less attention paid to intellectual disabilities. There is also a scarcity of studies relating Dialogic Learning to inclusive science teaching. The conclusions indicate that the general objective of highlighting fundamental elements for inclusive teacher training was partially achieved. The research suggests the need to expand investigations into science teacher training for IDPs, including longitudinal studies with a broader thematic scope. This future research could be carried out at doctoral level, deepening the understanding of inclusive pedagogical practices and contributing to more effective and equitable teacher training.
Professoralidade de bacharéis em matemática: trajetórias e experiências docentes no ICEN/UFPA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-06)
Patricio, Rafael Silva
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Sousa, Maria do Carmo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6637658562543505
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5523-757X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1354613531666420
This thesis sought to understand the constitution of the professorship of university teachers with a bachelor's degree in mathematics. To this end, it aimed to find out, through their narratives, their trajectories and experiences in the professional and/or personal sphere that contributed to the construction of their professorship. The specific objectives were: to identify which aspects of the training path contributed to the constitution of the professorship of these professionals; to analyze, based on their answers, characteristics that permeate the constitution of the professorship of these bachelors; and, to establish possible links between the constitution of professorship, the training path and professional performance. For theoretical support, we drew mainly on the publications of: Bolzan (2001; 2002; 2006; 2007; 2016; 2019), da Cunha (2018), Freitas (2000; 2002), Isaia (2003; 2008) and Powaczuk and Bolzan (2009). The methodological approach was qualitative and sociocultural in nature, in which data was collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using the content analysis technique, based on the framework proposed by Bardin (2006). The participants in this research were four teachers with a bachelor's degree in mathematics, who are permanent lecturers at the Federal University of Pará (UFPA) and have extensive teaching experience. This audience was chosen because, following the bibliographic survey carried out between 1990 and 2020, which found more than 1,400 mentions of the term professorality, many of them used Pereira (1996) as their main reference, but none of the studies targeted teachers with a bachelor's degree in mathematics. In this way, we gave a voice to these teachers, in which we were able to learn about their formative paths, work experiences, particular values and their own reflections on the act of teaching and learning mathematics. Their most representative statements were categorized and, when there were similarities, they were grouped together until we reached the final categories. These were: trajectory, self-reflective aspect, experience and sociocultural aspect. We defined each of these categories and, after analyzing them, we could see that they are part of the constitution of the professorship of each of the teachers taking part in this research. We also noticed that there was a behavioral change in each of the teachers over the course of the construction of this professorship. The results showed that this change occurred mainly in their treatment of their students, their commitment to their studies, their awareness, their decision-making, their wisdom and their more flexible behavior.
Experiência outra: possibilidades na educação em ciências de afirmar a vida pelos afetos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-06)
Jardim, Amanda
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Souza, Carolina Rodrigues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8152101475247049
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7826-1011
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9143184855577348
The theoretical development concerning Science Education is vast, leading to various directions, including the issue of experience as a practice that enables the attainment of scientific knowledge. However, upon encountering the concept of experience proposed by Deleuze, we activate this concept in a thought experiment and realize that we could outline new contours for the field. As a starting point for this experience, we will discuss the historical and political contexts of Science Education, bringing to light the forces that have shaped this field over time. This includes a selection of key historical and political events, both nationally and internationally, that have assigned different functions to science classes, traversing the pedagogical approaches that shape learning. These movements collectively establish a sense of and for experience in science classes, which, guided by relationships between subjects and objects, often limit themselves to the reproduction of laboratory practices, prioritizing the objective nature of experience and restricting creativity. They settle for the universal and do not acknowledge the existence of bodies in their uniqueness. Drawing on Spinoza's theory regarding the conception of the body and affects, as well as Deleuze’s interpretation of Bergson’s conception of experience, we will delve into this alternative thinking about the body. Through these pathways, we will reach the idea, proposed by Deleuze, that we learn through encounters when there is a fortuitous mixing of bodies, where the body undergoes a real experience and differentiates itself. It creates a new existence for itself and affirms life. Motivated by these thoughts, we find possibilities for an alternative experience—one that is not merely performed but lived. Uncertain, it does not develop in a linear fashion but engages the sensitivity of the body in search of the relationships that compose it and the affections that traverse it. An alternative experience in Science Education, as a possibility to affirm life through affections in education.
Análise do uso da gamificação no ensino de segurança do trabalho na construção civil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-07)
Moreira, Karla Cristina Bentes
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Serra, Sheyla Mara Baptista
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8528385567782505
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9508-976X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3577527215729529
Improvements in the teaching and learning process are constant in Civil Engineering courses. Gamification has emerged as a strategic proposal to streamline classroom teaching. This strategy includes inserting game mechanics and features to engage, motivate, and facilitate student learning. This research aimed to analyze the impact of learning about Occupational Safety with undergraduate Civil Engineering students through a gamified activity. The gamification tool chosen was Hazfinder, a training game for identifying hazards developed by the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). The game works as a simulation of a construction site, where participants must identify and mitigate hazards over 30 days of execution. The experiment was applied during an academic event in a workshop where undergraduate students from the 3rd to 10th period of the Civil Engineering undergraduate course participated. Instruments were developed as knowledge tests and applied before and after gamification to assess content absorption. In addition, player motivation and satisfaction tests were conducted. The results demonstrated an increase in participants' knowledge after completing the gamification activity and recording their interest in using games, including outside the school environment. The general analysis indicated that gamification in curricular activities should be encouraged to promote student engagement and satisfaction. Although the results were not statistically significant, further studies are suggested to confirm that using educational games can increase student engagement and improve their academic performance.
“Inclusão digital para todos” no ensino fundamental da rede pública municipal de Sorocaba: propostas e realidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-07)
Campos, Sônia Maria de
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Gatti, Márcio Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0369563657842763
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0606394698186527
This study presents the results of research conducted on publicly available documents and news items in local periodicals and on the official websites of the Sorocaba Department of Education (SEDU). The research focuses on proposals and actions implemented for "digital inclusion for all" within the scope of elementary education in the municipal public school system. Goal 7.2 of the Municipal Education Plan (PME) guarantees digital inclusion for all through training courses, an internet network, and sophisticated resources. To confirm what has been done in this regard and the prospects for continuity and progress in this area, projects and guidelines for the public network were analyzed for the implementation or improvement of technological infrastructure (networks, equipment, and connection), training for teachers, and the acquisition of digital educational systems. The findings indicate that many schools, teachers, and students have the infrastructure necessary to develop activities aimed at digital literacy, with access to systems and programs that facilitate pedagogical activities, the conscious use of the internet, and audiovisual production. As digital inclusion is not merely the distribution of devices, systems, and basic training, the complexities of the process require much more investment from the public authorities, not just financial. Digital inclusion is another of the skills built in school, and the entire school experience should prioritize balanced education and respect for people and nature in all dimensions.