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Projeto de Vida no ensino médio: currículo oficial e currículo em ação em escolas do Programa Ensino Integral do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-12) Mello, Sonia Regina Moraes de; Nascente, Renata Maria Moschen; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3742955383665134; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8528018788675751
The investigation that gave rise to this dissertation was developed within the scope of the Study and Research Group on School Organization: Democracy, Human Rights and Manager Training – DEFORGES. The problem investigated is the following question: how do teachers perceive the implications teaching of the Life Project subject in the training of high school students in Comprehensive Education Program (PEI)? The general objective was to characterize these perceptions within the scope of this subject, in high school, in three PEI schools in the southwest of the São Paulo state. The specific objective was to investigate how teachers understood student improvement from the curricular perspective of the Life Project subject. The methodology used was education research qualitative exploratory, using document analysis, semi-structured interviews and classes observations as research instrument. The results obtained showed that teachers were not clear about the curriculum plan of the Life Project subject. Furthermore, teachers found it difficult to carry out school work and, sometimes, the teaching becomes unfeasible. In addition, education professionals pointed out the disconnection between the guidelines, the materials prescribed by the São Paulo State Department of Education (SEDUC-SP) and the real conditions for the development of this subject. The results also showed that the intentions of these guidelines and materials seem to be purposefully related to the qualification of labor for the job market in the current neoliberal context.
Controle da poluição do ar por filtração híbrida de material particulado proveniente da indústria siderúrgica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-12) Araújo, Deisy Teles de; Castro, Bruno José Chiaramonte de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9306599334757765; Aguiar, Mônica Lopes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0431688649128529; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3581155225721993
The transmission of specific material by industry poses a serious threat to the environment and human health. The World Health Organization (WHO) World Health Statistics report of 2018 revealed that air pollution was involved in approximately 7 million premature deaths worldwide by 2016, and data from 2022, also from the WHO, showed that more than 99% of the world's population breathes the air that is considered unhealthy. A promising alternative to control air pollution is the hybrid filter. These filters combine traditional gas and solid particle separation equipment, such as electrostatic precipitators and bag filters, in a single device. This project aims to analyze the performance of hybrid filtration in relation to collection efficiency, cake porosity, filtration time and pressure drop in a bench-scale equipment, at different electric field intensities applied to the precipitator. The superficial filtration velocity in the system was 0.047 m.s-1 (2.8 m.min-1) and in the electrostatic precipitator it was 0.74 m.s-1. The electric fields applied to the electrostatic precipitator were 0.0, -2.0 and -4.0 kV.cm-1. The particulate materials tested were phosphate rock and sintering dust, the latter coming from the hoppers of an industrial bag filter. The filter materials tested were polypropylene (PP) and polyester (PE). As a result, as the voltage applied to the precipitator increased, an increase in the collection efficiency was observed in the precipitator and in the filter, causing the efficiency in the hybrid filter to reach values of 100% for some operational conditions investigated. The filter material that presented the best collection efficiency for the tests performed with phosphate rock was polypropylene, while for the sintering powder, both filter materials presented good performance. The porosity values for the sintering powder were similar to both the polypropylene and polyester filtration tests. However, when considering phosphate rock, it is recommended that the tests with polyester resulted in higher porosities than those with polypropylene. The longest filtration time to reach the pressure drop of 100 mmH2O in the hybrid filter tests occurred under the conditions of greatest eclectic field applied to the precipitator. For industrial filters, this result can be translated into a lower frequency of cleaning pulses in the bags, and, consequently, a longer useful life, reducing the costs with the total bag replacement.
Descrição sintático-semântica de nomes predicadores em tweets do mercado financeiro em português
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-12) Barbosa, Bryan Khelven da Silva; Di Felippo, Ariani; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8648412103197455; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4566-9352; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8007703579388553; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4637-6498
In this study, the argument structure (A-structure) of predicative nouns (Npred) occurring in the financial market tweet corpus DANTEStocks was described, given the preference for using this type of predicator in digital genres of this domain. The specific objective was to verify: (i) the presence/absence of arguments (Arg) in the tweets, (ii) the syntactic realization of Args, and (iii) the influence of linguistic phenomena in tweets on the realization of the A-structure of the nouns. Specifically, 145 Npreds and 1,756 instances (tweets with at least one Npred) from the corpus were described at the syntactic-semantic level. Syntactically, semi-automatic annotation of the entire DANTEStocks was carried out according to the Universal Dependencies (UD) model. At the semantic level, syntactic dependency trees guided the manual annotation of instances according to NomBank. The syntactic-semantic mapping revealed that: (i) the A-structure of valency one (V1) Npreds is always filled in syntax, (ii) the A-structure of Npreds with V>1 shows some missing Args, (iii) most analyzed Npreds are of V3, with only 2 Args in most instances, (iv) the deprels most frequently connecting Npreds to their Args are nmod and amod, and (v) the syntactic realization of the A-structure in 24 instances was reduced by tweet-specific phenomena (truncation and juxtaposition of elements). These results enrich the descriptive framework of lexical aspects of the language in financial market tweets. Moreover, the syntactic-semantic valency description of Npreds was systematized in NounBank.DS, an online lexical repository that can support further linguistic-computational research. A contribution to Natural Language Processing (NLP) is the UD-syntactic annotation of DANTEStocks, which led to the creation of the first Portuguese tweebank. This resource enabled the development of the first UD-parser of UGC for this language. The NomBank-like semantic annotation of a portion of the corpus also generated a significant resource. Thus, this study produced reference linguistic resources and a tool (parser) for the automatic processing of Portuguese tweets, which are essential for developing NLP applications targeting this type of UGC.
Sensor eletroquímico descartável para detecção de glifosato aplicado no campus Lagoa do Sino da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-12) Marote, Luca Calçada D'Olim; Martensen, Alexandre Camargo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1608659358382981; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9017-7480; Vicentini, Fernando Campanhã; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2380414092419355; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6075-2579; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7536062471822146
Due to the panorama of intensive consumption of pesticides in Brazil, the environmental impacts linked to the transportation, pollution and contamination of ecosystems by such compounds stand out, whose effects can present, in many situations, considerable adversity to environmental and human health. The non-selective herbicide glyphosate is the most widely used pesticide in the world and is presented in several studies as a contaminant of water bodies, so that methods that seek to detect it in environmental contexts are pertinent, especially through quick and simple strategies. In this sense, electrochemical sensors are advantageous due to the versatility of miniaturization and ease of operation, with emphasis on the applicability of disposable printed electrodes in the detection of various types of analytes. Thus, the present work consisted of developing a disposable electrochemical sensor, using screen printed gold electrodes, to detect glyphosate in real water samples, which were collected in water bodies near rainfed agriculture areas of the Lagoa do Sino campus of the Federal University of São Carlos, where the herbicide was sprayed. In addition, samples of rainfed plants were collected and washed with distilled water to verify the presence of the herbicide and evaluate the performance of the sensor in this situation. For this purpose, screen printed gold electrodes were employed using the square wave voltammetry technique in a linear range from 0.1 to 10 μmol L−1 of the herbicide with a detection limit of 0.057 μmol L−1. The tests of water samples from the lakes showed current increases precisely in the oxidation potential of glyphosate (0.8V), comparing the samples collected before and after spraying of the pesticide, which suggests that there was drift and pollution of water bodies. In addition, a significant signal of glyphosate was obtained in the water sample referring to the washing of the surface of the plants, attesting to the efficiency of the electrochemical sensor in the detection of the herbicide.
Análise numérica do desempenho mecânico de ligações feitas com barras de fibra de vidro em estruturas de madeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-12) Penteado, Lucas Dellosso; Christoforo, André Luis; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7623383075429186; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4066-080X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4707332128291799; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8501-3059
In line with technological advances, the construction industry around of the world has sought more efficient construction systems in relation to aspects such as increased productivity, reduced material waste and meeting growing demand. The combination of wood with current technologies allows the use of this material in large structures, both in the idealization of modern projects and in the development of structural projects. Large structures, in height or in span, require structural elements with large transversal extensions generating connections between the elements. Therefore, connections have become an important and common element when wood is used as a structural element. This research analyzed the behavior of a wooden structure connection numerically when replacing traditional metallic connectors by connectors made from fiberglass bars (GFRP). A numerical simulation stage was carried out, with the purpose of calibrating a numerical model based on the results obtained in connection tests, using the Abaqus software. After securing the model, carry out a parametric study varying the following characteristics of the connections: (a) Diameter of the GFRP pins, (b) Number of pins, (c) Geometric characteristics of the connection and (d) Wood species. With the parametric study carried out, a multiple variable regression model was proposed to estimate the ultimate strength in connections, which presents a Correlation Coefficient (R²) of 75.64%. The proposed model was compared with the accuracy of the Johansen model and it was obtained that the Johansen model overestimates the rupture force values by up to 56% when compared with the values found by the proposed model. This situation is justified because the proposed model by Johansen overestimates the values of ultimate force in favor of safety.