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Educação socioemocional no currículo da educação integral do município de Araraquara -SP: uma análise documental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-29) Santos, Patrícia Fiais Pereira dos; Silva, Alexandre Rodrigo Nishiwaki da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8697942957516547; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4431-0062; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9156030690533893
This research is a master's dissertation, linked to the Professional Postgraduate Program in Education of the Federal University of São Carlos, and aimed to study and investigate the theme of socioemotional education in the official curriculum of the city of Araraquara-SP, as well as to identify which elements of this document can enhance and which elements can hinder the socioemotional development of students in the comprehensive education program of the city of Araraquara. To this end, the study was carried out based on the documentary analysis of some productions on curriculum and curricular guidelines and legislation regarding socioemotional education. We consider that socioemotional education, when prioritized, is undoubtedly a potentializing agent in the process of student development, as different research in the area has pointed out. To this end, we first conducted a literature review focused on the topic and then, based on the guiding documents for comprehensive education in the city of Araraquara, we sought to understand which actions within the school are important for the construction of socio-emotional intelligence as well as the strengthening of emotions for intellectual development and personal and interpersonal relationships. The documentary analysis was carried out through a qualitative methodological approach, which is in line with the research's intention. The results of this study indicated the relevance of socio-emotional education in the development of children and adolescents, as well as the workshops of comprehensive education in Araraquara that favor the development of competence. The work was successful in verifying that the comprehensive education curriculum in Araraquara contributes to cognitive and socio-emotional development, elevating its students to a human formation, which values life in society, the strengthening of emotions, personal and interpersonal relationships, as well as behaviors that meet the characteristics necessary for the construction of an empathetic, emotionally strengthened society based on values of common well-being.
Uma análise semântica de 'junto' e de suas variações no português brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-29) Araújo, Ana Carolina de Sousa; Basso, Renato Miguel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6984826176670527; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2580-0365; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1632059549342508; https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1380-4622
In this work we will carry out a semantic analysis of the expression ‘junto’ in Brazilian Portuguese (BP), taking into account its morphological characteristics, that is, its inflection in number and gender (‘juntos’, ‘juntas’) and its use in the diminutive (‘juntinho/s/as’), the different syntactic positions that the item can occupy in a sentence and the anti-distributive/collectivizing character that seems to be related to the expression. To this end, linguistic context tests will be carried out with the item JUNTO, a metaform that we will use to represent the different forms of the term, seeking to capture the different interpretations that the expression can have in BP. Having done this, we will analyze the data based on two distinct theories that were presented as a possible description for the term together, which can be understood as a close equivalent of 'junto' in English, namely, the proposal of overlapping events presented by Lasersohn (1998), and the measurement approach defended by Moltmann (2004), with the aim of discovering whether, and how, such theories can be used to explain the semantic behavior of ‘junto’ and its variations in BP. In this way, we seek to contribute not only to the description of this expression, which has not yet been studied in Brazilian Portuguese, but also to semantic studies in general.
Da ordem ao caos: um olhar para a indisciplina nas aulas de arte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-29) Craveiro, Barbara Alves dos Passos; Souza, Maria do Carmo de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6637658562543505; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9276327504714566
This research focuses on the relationship between indiscipline and art, based on the assumption that various interactions occur in art classes, both between students and between students and the teacher. In this sense, the focus is on the interactions that take place during theater classes taught at a school in the city of Barretos, São Paulo. The research question we aim to answer is: What are the interactions of students considered undisciplined in basic education art classes? From this question, the general objective of the research is to investigate how students considered undisciplined interact in art classes. We observed that the art subject, taught in schools, fosters various interactions in the classroom, including those related to indiscipline. As a teacher-researcher, I have noticed that such indiscipline might be associated with the restlessness of students in this age group, which can be understood as a form of discomfort with the current educational system. In art classes, students tend to establish better interactions. The specific objectives initially stemmed from Yves de La Taille's view, in which indiscipline can be understood as a revolt against rules or ignorance of them. However, throughout the research, we explored additional specific objectives, which helped answer the research question. What interactions occurred during theater classes? What is the social view of indiscipline, and how is it perceived within the school community? Is indiscipline truly the major problem in education? Are freedom and creativity significant elements in the learning process? The study revealed a respectful relationship between creative freedom and student interactions. It also highlighted the difficulty in relating indiscipline to a social context, often reducing it to a family issue. Through the language of art, particularly theater, we observed various interactions without the presence of indiscipline, thereby presenting a positive perspective on art in this regard. The research is of a qualitative-quantitative nature, as it is based on description, classification, and interpretation. For this study, the participants were students and teachers from the state public school system in the city of Barretos, São Paulo. Information was obtained from classes held at this school and from a questionnaire answered by thirteen teachers. One of the results indicated by the research shows that teachers view art as a subject that can help students understand the content of other subjects. In other words, from the teachers' perspective, art can be considered an interdisciplinary subject. However, there is some inconsistency, as teachers also believe that indiscipline stems from family issues. Another result highlights that the class considered the most undisciplined by the school, based on the analysis, achieved excellent results in the activities proposed and developed during art classes. This study answers the research question by emphasizing that numerous interactions occurred, including teacher-student, student-student, student-activity, student-class time, and student-teacher-knowledge, and none of these interactions exhibited so-called "undisciplined" behavior.
Application of CFD to study the dynamics of droplets expelled during coughing
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-29) Ayuba, Nuhu; Justi, Gabriel Henrique; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0170230384799537; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3141-3137; Lopes, Gabriela Cantarelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5680967191791061; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4475-6075; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7121160753360354; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1147-6376
Este estudo investiga o comportamento das gotículas respiratórias em ambientes internos, aplicando o método Euleriano-Lagrangeano para melhorar a compreensão da transmissão de gotículas no contexto de Doenças Respiratórias Infecciosas (DRIs). A pesquisa está dividida em quatro seções principais. A primeira parte avalia os efeitos de diferentes modelos de turbulência—SST k-ω, k-ε padrão e Tensões de Reynolds—sobre a evaporação de uma única gotícula, com o objetivo de identificar um modelo que seja preciso e computacionalmente eficiente. A segunda parte compara o uso de malhas tetraédricas e hexaédricas graduadas na simulação do comportamento das gotículas, avaliando sua eficácia relativa e o custo computacional. Na terceira parte, é examinado o efeito do acoplamento de fase, o tamanho das gotículas e a umidade relativa sobre o processo de evaporação, enquanto a quarta parte explora o impacto das condições de contorno do vento na dispersão das gotículas. Para validar ainda mais os resultados, os modelos desenvolvidos foram aplicados nas condições climáticas de São Carlos, São Paulo, Brasil, para observar o comportamento das gotículas em um ambiente real. Os resultados demonstram que as malhas hexaédricas fornecem uma representação mais precisa do comportamento das gotículas em comparação com as malhas tetraédricas, que apresentaram discrepâncias com estudos anteriores. O efeito do acoplamento de fase foi encontrado como mínimo, com as gotículas menores evaporando rapidamente, independentemente da umidade ambiente, enquanto as gotículas maiores caíam ao chão. O estudo também revela que níveis mais altos de umidade desaceleram a evaporação, com gotículas de tamanho médio (cerca de 50 µm) persistindo por mais tempo e viajando mais longe—até aproximadamente 1,40 metros. Isso sugere uma distância mínima de distanciamento social em ambientes internos e tranquilos para minimizar a transmissão de DRIs. Além disso, gotículas menores evaporaram rapidamente e sua dispersão aumentou com velocidades de vento mais baixas. A pesquisa conclui que a condição de contorno de não-deslizamento é mais econômica para simulações em ambientes internos. Esses resultados contribuem com valiosas informações para entender o comportamento das gotículas e otimizar modelos para análise da transmissão de DRIs em espaços fechados.
Mercado de IPOs: uma comparação entre períodos de crise
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-29) Castagno, Pedro Affonso Rachas; Carrara, Aniela Fagundes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2348376949393246
During the most significant global crises of recent times – the Subprime Crisis between 2007-2008 and the COVID-19 Pandemic between 2020-2021 – Brazil observed the highest volumes of IPOs (initial public offerings) in its history. In this context, this paper aims to discuss what motivated this large number of offerings, even in challenging times, and to assess how macroeconomic variables relate to and influence IPO activity. To this end, the study method involved a literature review and descriptive data analysis. The period evaluated was from the fourth quarter of 2004 to the fourth quarter of 2023, covering the two crisis moments in question and also providing a comparison with previous and subsequent periods. As a result, it was found that the Selic rate had a significant and inversely proportional relationship with IPOs. Inflation, although not having an immediate direct relationship with IPOs, influences the Selic rate, indirectly affecting the IPO market. GDP showed a positive correlation with the number of IPOs. The exchange rate, despite significant fluctuations, shows a weak relationship with IPOs, reflecting more the outflow of foreign capital than the issuance of shares.
Dispositivos de memória em heteroestruturas 2D de MoSe2 sobre clinocloro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-29) Ames, Alessandra; Cadore, Alisson Ronieri; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7547090345773696; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1081-0915; Teodoro, Marcio Daldin; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5602634309535528; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3557-5555; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4962382723830478; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7996-8836
The study of materials that present lamellar characteristics and can be isolated in monolayers has become relevant due to their unique properties widely reported in the literature. The transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), semiconductors members of the lamellar materials' group, raise interest in the fabrication of devices through the so-called van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs). This stems from the fact that TMD's monolayers are susceptible to local defects, charge exchange with the substrate, and substrate roughness, and are generally encapsulated by atomically-flat and insulating materials, such as hexagonal boron nitride (hBN). Due to the factors mentioned, the photoluminescence (PL) emissions, intense in TMDs, can be modulated by external factors, such as electric and magnetic fields and some specific properties of the substrates. Considering the need to miniaturize the devices, and the need to expand the list of appropriate insulators for the vdWHs, which is limited so far, this work aimed to characterize the effects of a clinochlore's substrate, a lamellar phyllosilicate, in the optical responses of a device containing a molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) monolayer coated with a layer of hBN. For this purpose, optoelectronic studies were carried out at cryogenic temperatures as a function of an external electric field and variable changes such as bias sweep rate (time) and excitation power to the sample. Optical emissions compatible with excitons and trions were observed, which showed to be highly modulated with the applied voltage. The obtained curves assumed a hysteretic shape, stable in time, and independent of factors such as polarization and the initial direction of the applied electric field. In addition, temporal measurements revealed the existence of transients in different scales, which indicates memory effects related to the charge dynamics and fluctuations in carrier population and polarization of the material. In particular, the observed phenomena are directly related to the presence of the clinochlore, since such responses were not noted in a sample containing a hBN-encapsulated TMD. Therefore, from the results obtained, it was possible to prove the so-called mem-emitters, i.e., light-emitting devices that present memory effects to external stimuli, whose existence has recently been reported.
Filmes de celulose incorporados com macro (K, Ca e Mg) e micronutrientes (Fe, Cu e Mn) como recipiente para propagação vegetal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-29) Duarte, Maria Carolina Salomé; Souza, Claudinei Fonseca; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4858219292242433; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9501-0794; Faez, Roselena; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0654750186618555; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1263-7837; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5305221213386706; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5408-5461; Campos, Adriana; Montagnolli, Renato Nallin; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2634621642907240; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7455124733755299
An approach to minimizing the environmental, agronomic, and economic impacts of excessive fertilizer use is to optimize nutrient release through controlled and/or slow-release fertilizers, such as enhanced efficiency fertilizers (EEFs). However, many commercial EEFs contain non-biodegradable matrices that can lead to environmental contamination. Using biodegradable polymers like cellulose can mitigate this issue and improve fertilizer efficiency. In addition to functioning as EEFs, cellulose films can also serve as substrates for plant propagation, making them a promising alternative. This study developed and modified phosphorylated cellulose (P-Cel) films with phosphate groups to enhance the introduction and retention of ions such as K+, Mg 2+, Ca2+, Cu2+, Fe2+ e Mn2+. The films were prepared via casting with 1% (w/v) P-Cel incorporated with salts of Ca(NO3)2, KNO3, MgSO4.7H2O, CuSO4.5H2O, FeSO4.7H2O e MnSO4.H2O, and were characterized thermally (TGA, DSC), structurally (FTIR, XRD), and morphologically (SEM), in addition to evaluating ion release in water. The results indicate that the cellulose phosphorylation was successful, with 40% phosphorylation, and that the films functioned as EEFs, as confirmed by structural, thermal, and morphological analyses. The incorporation of salts was evidenced by band broadening and intensification and the appearance of new NO3-, SO42-, P=O, and P-O-H bands. XRD revealed interactions between the salts and P-Cel, particularly in equimolar quantities, while excess salt partially masked the characteristic peaks of P-Cel and the fertilizers. Thermal analyses confirmed the presence of salts, indicated by the release of water molecules from the hydrated salts after cation binding with phosphate. Elemental mapping (EDS) reinforced these interactions, showing a greater affinity of Ca2+ for PO43- compared to NO3-. Water solubility tests showed that macronutrients were released within the first 60 min, while micronutrients were released within 8 h, indicating a slower release than pure salts. Thus, P-Cel/fertilizer films demonstrate great potential as EEFs, as they are biodegradable, minimize environmental pollution, and provide controlled nutrient release, contributing to plant propagation and sustainability.
Estudo comparativo de soldagem entre os processos TIG automatizado e o processo TIG manual na fabricação de tanques com espessura de chapa reduzida
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-29) Cherubim, Sandro; Afonso, Conrado Ramos Moreira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2176215981291453; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7505-8467; Araujo, Luis Antonio Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3639906702064630; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1117-0094; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5490300738624535
Automation in welding processes has been growing since the 1970s. The technical benefits, when compared to the manual welding process, are numerous: productivity, quality, operator safety, and other things. This project addresses TIG welding (Tungsten Inert Gas), also known as GTAW (Gas Tungsten Arc Welding), developed between the late 1930s and the early 1940s, during a period of significant industrial and technological transformation driven by World War II. This historical context was marked by an intense demand for new manufacturing processes, especially to meet the needs of the growing aeronautical and military industries, which required more sophisticated and precise welding methods. Currently, this process is of utmost importance in the manufacturing and maintenance of parts in different sectors, such as automotive, railway, aerospace, civil, among others. The advantage of TIG welding includes the high quality of the welds produced, the possibility of joining different materials, and dimensional precision. The general objective of this work was to develop a study to verify the feasibility of the automated (orbital) TIG welding process, in relation to the manual TIG process, applied in the production of water reservoirs in AISI 304 stainless steel. The reservoirs are part of solar heating systems and are designed to have sheets up to 2 mm thick. The established method was to compare the appearance, structure, and functionality of the weld beads through visual analysis, tensile mechanical testing, liquid penetrant testing, and magnetic particle testing. The study used samples taken from water reservoirs (body and lid) made of AISI 304 stainless steel. The tensile mechanical tests demonstrated that the automated welds had moderate results, with 7 out of 12 test specimens breaking in the base material instead of the weld, indicating that the weld was not the weakest point. The stress versus strain graphs, comparing the manual and automated processes, indicate that the base material has a tensile strength between 600 and 675 MPa, with a deformation of 0.6 to 0.7. The automated weld, on the other hand, exhibited higher tensile strength, between 800 and 900 MPa, but with lower deformation (0.3 to 0.4). The results of the Liquid Penetrant and Magnetic Particle tests revealed discontinuities in both manual and automated welds, suggesting the need for improvements in the sheet preparation process. The design and construction of an automated orbital TIG welding machine was primarily motivated by the increase in productivity, with a 25% improvement in speed compared to the manual process. This increase in speed impacts quality factors, such as weld penetration, highlighting that the automated process is viable but still requires improvements.