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Visão computacional com redes neurais convolucionais: uma abordagem histórica, teórica e prática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-16) Flauzino, Letícia de Almeida; Cantão, Renato Fernandes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3016268479248046; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5472454703654332
This paper presents a historical, theoretical, and practical review of convolutional neural networks applied to computer vision. It provides the main points in the timeline of the development of Artificial Intelligence and Neural Networks. Then, the architecture and description of the components of a convolutional neural network are introduced, going through artificial neurons, activation functions, convolutional layer, subsampling layer and fully connected layer. The most common regularization techniques are presented. Four high-performance convolutional networks are examined: LeNet-5, AlexNet, VGGNet and GoogleLeNet. Finally, the MNIST and Cifar10 databases are used to evaluate the performance of three of the mentioned networks. The LeNet-5 network presents excellent results, due to its simplicity and task specificity. The AlexNet network presents average results, affected by computational limitations. The VGGNet network presents unsatisfactory results, being a network with high computational cost and great losses with the necessary restrictions for its reproduction.
O Museu Republicano Convenção de Itu e a construção da memória social no patrimônio público
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-16) Silva, Larissa Maria Feliciano da; Coutinho, Luciana Cristina Salvatti; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2688318704089723; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8682-0952
This research aims to understand the possibilities of educationalthat arise from recognizing the importance of a public space like the Museu Republicano Convenção de Itu in the construction of social memory. It is not only about the arrangement of its collections but also about how this public space can bring together people, stories, and moments. The Museu Republicano Convenção de Itu houses a collection that includes objects, documents, furniture, and works of art related to the Old Republic (a period in Brazilian history from the 1880s to the 1930s) and 19th-century Itu. The space aims to promote research, reflection, and education on the political, social, and cultural history of this period. Through this museum, the present work will analyze the narratives proposed by this environment, aiming to foster debate, reflection, and understanding of the formative potential that the museum, as a public space, offers. Thus, the research will focus on a critical analysis of public heritage and its social nuances through documentary analysis with a qualitative and bibliographic approach, with the intention of reflecting on the educational role of museums in an attempt to understand the different insertions into what constitutes the formation of social memory through public heritage and the lived experience within the museum environment.
Evolução da agricultura de precisão no setor sucroalcooleiro no estado de São Paulo e a perspectiva da inteligência artificial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-16) Mazzi, João Vitor Costa; Santos, Jeronimo Alves dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6360442111575366; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4793-4973; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0901640920865077; https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8550-9109
This study aimed to analyze the evolution of Precision Agriculture (PA) in the sugar-alcohol sector of the State of São Paulo and the perspectives of artificial intelligence. The specific objectives were: to conduct a survey of the main PA instruments used in the sugar-alcohol sector; to analyze the main challenges and advantages of PA for the sugar-alcohol sector; to identify productivity gains and key economic and environmental aspects with PA; and to analyze the perspectives of artificial intelligence in the sector. The method of bibliographic review was used to extract data from texts, articles, newspapers, magazines, and official databases to compile the necessary information to address the research problem and objectives. As a result, it was found that PA and AI provide a suitable and advantageous relationship for the sector, allowing direct communication between productive, economic, and environmental aspects
Efeitos do destreino de um programa de exercícios multicomponentes na função física de pessoas idosas da comunidade: comparação entre o destreino de férias de verão vs destreino causado pela pandemia de COVID-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-16) Casoni, Fernanda Omizollo; Santos, Vinícius Ramon da Silva; Takahashi, Anielle Cristhine de Medeiros; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8336705133403404; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1263-2833; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6617986049537782
To compare the effects of detraining from a multicomponent exercise program caused by the COVID-19 pandemic with detraining due to a summer vacation period on the physical function of community-dwelling older adults. Methods: This is an observational, longitudinal, and retrospective study. The study included older adults (≥ 60 years) who were participants in the university extension project "Geriatric Revitalization" and were engaged in a multicomponent exercise program interrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were assessed in November 2019 (T1) and March 2020 (T2), before the pandemic, and in September 2021 (T3), 18 months after the pandemic began. Physical function was evaluated using the handgrip strength test, 30-second chair stand test, 30-second single-leg stance test, and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. To assess detraining caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, summer vacation detraining, and to compare the two, a repeated measures ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test was conducted. The analyses were performed using JAMOVI Software (version 2.3.18), with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results: Sixty-seven older adults were assessed at T1, and after the summer vacation at T2, only 28 underwent evaluation. Following the suspension of the exercise program in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, only 32 older adults were evaluated at T3. At baseline, the participants had a mean age of 72 ± 7,08 years, and 89,3% were female. There were no significant differences in detraining caused by the summer vacation (p > 0.05). However, when compared to detraining caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a reduction in lower limb strength (Mean difference = -1.54; p < 0.001; d = 0.87) and a decline in functional mobility, reflected in an increased time to complete the TUG test (Mean difference = 1.55; p < 0.001; d = 2.94). Conclusion: Only the detraining caused by the COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the physical function of older adults participating in a multicomponent exercise program, leading to a reduction in lower limb strength and functional mobility.
Turismo de ancestralidade: percepções culturais de turistas nikkeis brasileiros no Japão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-16) Mendonça, Ana Beatriz Nishijima; Ferragi, Cesar Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8059661338196579; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8066-500X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7220116683831181
This paper investigates how ancestry tourism contributes to the cultural appreciation and construction of personal identity of Brazilian Nikkei tourists in Japan. Ancestry tourism is a type of travel in which individuals seek to reconnect with their cultural and historical roots. Based on a qualitative approach, the research is based on interviews conducted with individuals from different generations of the Nikkei community, who shared their experiences and reflections on their trips to the country of origin of their ancestors. The term Japanese Nikkei (日系) is used globally to refer to descendants of Japanese born outside Japan or Japanese living outside the country. In the Brazilian context, it encompasses generations of Japanese who migrated to Brazil and settled in the country, as well as their children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren, who may have varying degrees of cultural connection with Japan. The study highlights that ancestry tourism goes beyond a simple tourist trip, functioning as a tool for cultural reconnection and self-knowledge. Through the experiences reported, it is observed that trips to Japan allowed the interviewees a deeper understanding of their roots, reinforcing their cultural identity and ties with their origins. In addition, this research explores how these trips influence the cultural identity and perception of tourists with Japanese ancestry about Japanese culture and how they reconstruct their historical-cultural connections, visiting places and carrying out practices that date back to their ancestral origins. Finally, the study highlights the importance of new research that addresses different cultural contexts and ethnic groups, in order to broaden understanding of the impacts of ancestral tourism on the construction of cultural identities.
Sistema de decisão baseado em algoritmos inteligentes para o gerenciamento do fluxo de trens
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-16) Godoi, Paola Ramires; Guazzelli, Paulo Roberto Ubaldo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0830386985936804; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3385-6425
With the increasing volume of agricultural commodities exported by Brazil, along with the development of logistics companies, this study presents the development of a decision-making system based on intelligent algorithms to optimize train flow management on Brazilian railways. Aiming to improve energy efficiency and reduce driving time, the research employs Fuzzy logic to propose a decision system that balances train flow, avoiding port saturations, as well as lack of assets for unloading and unnecessary stops. The study highlights the importance of the railway mode in Brazil, emphasizing its advantages in terms of safety and energy efficiency. The results indicate that the application of the proposed system can lead to significant improvements in railway operations, promoting more agile and sustainable transportation.
Geodésicas em superfícies
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-16) Santos, Matheus Henrique Ferreira de Melo dos; Seixas, Wladimir; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1697352974728327
The main objective of this monograph was to study geodesics on surfaces of revolution. We defined the concepts of covariant derivative, parallel transport, geodesic curves, the algebraic value of the covariant derivative, and geodesic curvature. We detailed the system of differential equations that determine a geodesic on a surface and calculated the geodesics for general surfaces of revolution, applying these results to the specific example of the torus through the Clairaut relation.
Uma proposta de ensino do ecoico como facilitador para o ensino do mando em crianças com autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-16) Giolo, Mayara Cristina Freitas Pereira; Goyos, Antônio Celso de Noronha; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6150-1074; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1856670096694377; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7614-7864
The teaching of verbal behavior to individuals with autism, using the verbal operant described by Skinner, is a widely explored topic in research. This study aimed to systematically review the literature to identify effective procedures for teaching vocal manding to individuals with autism, develop a teaching protocol for the mand operant, and investigate whether the teaching of echoic and mand behavior can promote the emergence of other mands. A systematic review was conducted as the first study, revealing how mand teaching is structured in Applied Behavior Analysis and identifying significant gaps that can be addressed with standardized procedures. Based on these findings, a mand teaching protocol was developed, grounded in the teaching of echoic behavior. This protocol was tested on eight children aged 1 to 6 years diagnosed with autism, using two experimental designs: a reversal design in the second study and a multiple-probe design in the third study. The results showed that all participants were able to emit mands, including for absent items. Of the eight participants, seven also demonstrated new mands after the teaching, even without direct instruction for these. The application of this protocol to a larger number of individuals and with increased exposures could potentially enhance speech teaching in children with autism who do not yet have a vocal repertoire.
Ação do processo de cicatrização de feridas na função endotelial sistêmica: um estudo em ratos normoglicêmicos e hiperglicêmicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-16) Sabadini, Camila Pereira; Liebano, Richard Eloin; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1397951221512127; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4795-6723; Rodrigues, Gerson Jhonatan; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6725550216586910; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1896-9536; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8040250014424970; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8422-0742
Wound healing is a dynamic and complex process that begins as soon as the discontinuation of intact skin occurs. It is divided in four stages, which are hemostasis, inflammatory phase, proliferation phase and remodeling. In the control of each phase are involved humoral mediators as grow factors, nitric oxide (NO), cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Several pathophysiologies such as inflammation and hyperglycemia can disturb the wound healing process. In this case, the endothelial function mediated by NO, ROS and cytokines seems to be an important therapeutic target. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the wound healing process is able to interfere in the endothelial function of normoglycemic (NG) and hyperglycemic (HG). To this a 10 mm diameter lesion was performed on the back of 79 Wistar rats treated (HG) or not (NG) with 150 mg/kg alloxan monohydrated, a drug that induces hyperglycemia through increase of ROS. The concentration-effect curves of acetylcholine was conducted to study vascular reactivity and the serical levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10 and NO of this animals were performed at Day -1 (animals without wound), Day 0 (day the injury was done – hemostasis phase), Day 4 (four days after the injury - inflammatory phase), Day 8 (eight days after surgery – proliferative phase) and Day 14 (fourteen days later surgery - remodeling phase). The results showed that the wound healing process can generate endothelial dysfunction (ED) in different phases to NG and HG rats, occurring in the hemostasis and inflammatory phases, respectively. Regarding the inflammatory profile, TNF-α and IL-6, the main mediators of the pro-inflammatory process in the wound healing, seem to be linked to the regulation of endothelial function in NG and HG rats in a different way. The concentration of ROS seems to be involved in this process, since serum NO concentrations did not directly influence the endothelial function of these rats during the wound healing process.
Caracterização agronômica e físico-química de linhagens de pimenta (Capsicum chinense Jacq.)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-16) Silva, Alexia dos Santos; Sala, Fernando César; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6771975466075202
The consumption of peppers from the genus Capsicum has been increasing in Brazil and worldwide, being considered a promising market for the Brazilian agribusiness, involving various sectors from the agribusiness. The market stimulus has encouraged the search for new cultivars with different characteristics and qualities for consumers and producers. To develop new cultivars, the characterization of lines from Germplasm Banks is important for future pepper breeding programs belonging to the genus Capsicum. Thus, the present work was developed in order to carry out the agronomic characterization of F6 pepper lines. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment in a randomized block design, with 3 replications, 4 plants per plot and 14 treatments, including the commercial varieties Biquinho and Tui, and the F1 hybrid Maria Bonita, used as a control. The analyses were performed based on quantitative criteria and qualitative descriptors, as well as physicochemical and sensory analyses for the characteriza