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Aproximação polinomial da potência de regime do motor de combustão interna emulado por motores de indução trifásicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-15) Wang, Jen Wuu; Gonçalves, Amilcar Flamarion Querubini; Silva, Lucas Jonys; Neves, Rodolpho; Machado, Ricardo Quadros; Oliveira, Vilma Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2028680595331323; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1742343294433199; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0828752540921502; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5028233275009831; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3927458584410491; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6430129533142328
O aumento da eficiência dos veículos híbridos elétricos (VEHs) é essencial para o avanço do transporte sustentável. Este estudo foca na modelagem do fornecimento de potência de um sistema de combustão em um protótipo em escala reduzida que emula a interação entre um motor a combustão interna (MCI) e um gerador elétrico de um VEH, utilizando a tecnologia Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL). A abordagem adotada permite emular o sistema de geração de energia em regime permanente, com base na rotação e na diferença de torque entre as máquinas, influenciada pelo movimento angular da válvula borboleta. Neste contexto, foi desenvolvido e validado um modelo polinomial utilizando o Curve Fitting Toolbox do Matlab®, que captura com precisão as relações entre potência, velocidade e abertura da válvula. A equação polinomial proposta pode ser aplicada em estratégias de distribuição de energia do MCI, reduzindo o gasto computacional e aumentando a eficiência operacional. Os resultados quantitativos indicam que a aproximação polinomial é adequada para testes práticos do protótipo, abrindo novas oportunidades para o desenvolvimento de soluções energéticas mais eficazes e sustentáveis.
Análise do trabalho padronizado sobre a ótica da ergonomia: um estudo de caso em uma indústria de componentes para refrigeração.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-15) Balsadi, Daniela; Moura, Daniel Braatz Antunes de Almeida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5287608431146025; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3869901428218670; Souza, Renato Luvizoto Rodrigues de; Moura, Daniel Braatz Antunes de Almeida; Santos, William Rodrigues dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4342269884886020; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5287608431146025; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5507046300736969
With the development of advanced technologies and increasingly competitive and streamlined production processes, Lean Manufacturing (LM) and ergonomics have become ever more closely integrated in process improvement, yielding transformative effects on work design and organization. In this context, standardized work, within the LM framework is one of the tools that can be employed to reduce process times and eliminate waste, particularly waste related to unnecessary movement. To better understand the potential of this integration, a case study was conducted in which standardized work was implemented at the workstation exhibiting the longest cycle time, in order to assess its possible positive impacts (improvements in task execution and comfort, reduction in movement range, decreased fatigue, job enrichment, creative thinking, autonomy, enhanced well-being, and reduction or elimination of waste) as well as potential negative effects (reduced cycle time flexibility, task rigidity, increased stress, heightened pressure on workers, and greater workload). The research took place at a metalworking company located in the interior of São Paulo state. During the analysis of the targeted operation, a lack of task standardization became evident. Consequently, a standardized work method was developed and implemented, seeking a comfortable and efficient procedure in which workers could actively participate in the design, implementation, and validation of the new methods. To quantify and define work elements, a time-and-motion study was performed using the Method Time Measurement (MTM) tool; to quantify biomechanical risks, Suzanne Rodgers’s checklist was applied. The study aimed to establish safe and reliable work methods by considering both the actual activity and its inherent variabilities. In order to determine the optimal method, participatory ergonomics techniques were employed, and questionnaires were administered to assess workers’ perceptions before and after the introduction of standardized work and ergonomic improvements. Within the scope of the case study, it was found that, following implementation, workers reported higher job satisfaction, cycle-time improvements, reduced biomechanical demands (fatigue), and enhanced productivity (more streamlined and optimized processes). Despite the shorter process times and introduction of standardized methods, workers felt more confident and comfortable in performing their tasks. Overall, the integration of Lean Manufacturing tools with ergonomic principles demonstrates significant potential for the development of operational processes that are safer, leaner, more efficient, and conducive to preserving workers’ health.
Funcionamento de uma impressora 3D e sua utilidade para a construção de modelos para o ensino de Física
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-15) Reis, Eduardo Henrique de Camargo; Souza, James Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2212240621620011; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0112-8332; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0682710662109420
The emerging 3D printing technology has driven numerous practical applications in many sectors and has introduced opportunities for new teaching practices in a variety of disciplines and educational environments. The benefits offered by this technology in the school environment include greater student involvement in the proposed activities, the ability to visualize and better understand theoretical concepts and the integration of practical and theoretical skills. In Physics education, or other areas of natural sciences, the possibility of manufacturing specific models or improving the functionality of pre-existing models, makes 3D printing a great ally for teachers, since models can play a significant epistemological and pedagogical role in science education. Despite the potential of using this technology to create teaching materials and learning opportunities, little have been discussed about the need to acquire specific skills and competences to effectively integrate 3D printing in education. Our goal with this work is to provide a resource for educators and students interested in incorporating 3D-printing into their science classrooms. For this purpose we show how to perform the initial setup and first printing using the Creality Ender-3 model 3D printer. In addition to the technical details related to the use of the 3D printer, 3D modeling software, the evaluation of processes and printing materials, we also show the advantages of using printed models, with examples, for teaching Physics subjects and propose other activities to help teachers transform their science classes into a motivating and effective learning environment.