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Consultório na rua: uma revisão integrativa da literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-18) Portto, Victor Mateus Macario; Sampaio, Sueli Fatima; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0737750473446351; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6670802233996632
The creation of the Unified Health System (SUS) in 1988 initiated the process of implementing the guarantee of universal public health with equity and comprehensive care, but it was only from the 1990s that several Brazilian cities began the process of considering care for the homeless population as a health policy. The Street Clinic emerges as a necessary health strategy, aiming to reach the homeless population who are often excluded from access to traditional health services for various reasons. In 2011, the National Policy for the Homeless Population was instituted and adopted by the Ministry of Health as a service relevant to Primary Health Care only in 2012. The present study aims to understand which themes permeate the scientific discussions about the Street Clinic in the period from 2012 to 2024. The method is an integrative review of the existing literature on the subject. The search for works for the research was carried out in the Virtual Health Library and in the PubMed and SciELO databases. Initial results: the identification and interpretation of the categories - vulnerability and stigma; for the right to universal access to health; the territory as a space for health care; and the experience of caring in the Street Cliinic - which permeate the existing literature on the subject and the suggestion of possible studies and pending discussions about Street Clinic from the researcher's perception in the dichotomy between theory and practice.
Educação inclusiva: ensino de botânica para deficientes visuais e videntes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-18) Urbano, João Victor; Sebastiani, Renata; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9773755519907716; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4565-6137; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4157088060445059; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0311-9886
Inclusive education in regular schools (standard education system) is highly flawed. There are many reasons why this education is not successful, including the lack of teacher preparation, inadequate school infrastructure, and ineffective teaching materials. In the case of botany, teaching is inefficient even for sighted students, as relying solely on books and illustrations causes students to feel unmotivated and disconnected from plants. Considering that in botany education, the teaching materials used generally benefit only sighted students, this research poses the following guiding question: What strategies need to be employed to effectively develop botany teaching that includes visually impaired students? The objective of this study was to gather and analyze information that could be useful in developing strategies for botany education that cater to both sighted students and students with visual impairments. The study aimed to understand how the inclusion of visually impaired students is carried out at the Municipal School Professor Joel Job Fachini, identifying their needs. The research involved the participation of teachers and inclusive education monitors from the school, who were interviewed to assess the materials and infrastructure provided. The method used was Bardin's content analysis. The findings revealed that the main criticisms concerned the time required to prepare differentiated lessons, the lack of training for school staff, and insufficient support from educational policies. Overcrowded classrooms and lack of investment also significantly contribute to failures in inclusive education.
Análise da correlação entre rugosidade e viabilidade celular em ligas de titânio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-18) Trevilato, Renato; Micocci, Kelli Cristina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5602101431025314; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8079-2700; Antonialli, Armando Ítalo Sette; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4367459395417045; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3466-0416; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2815185946560288; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8157-9656
The interaction between biomaterials and cells is highly influenced by surface characteristics, particularly roughness and wettability, which are crucial factors for the viability of biocomponents. This study evaluated roughness parameters, such as average roughness (Ra), skewness (Rsk), and kurtosis (Rku), as well as wettability, varying droplet volume and adjustment methods, and the viability of fibroblasts and pre-osteoblasts on bioactive surfaces. Initially, Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy samples machined at low feed rate (f = 0.038 mm), high feed rate (f = 0.198 mm), and polished were assessed for roughness, wettability, and fibroblast viability (L929). Subsequently, commercially pure titanium (grade 4), Ti-6Al-4V ELI, and Ti-12Mo-6Zr-2Fe (TMZF) alloys, also machined at low feed rate and polished, were characterized and tested for pre-osteoblast (MC3T3-E1) viability. The results highlighted the significant impact of surface finishing. Low-feed machined surfaces exhibited hydrophilic tendencies (θ < 90°), whereas polished surfaces demonstrated hydrophobic behavior (θ > 90°). Neither adjustment methods nor droplet volume variations significantly affected outcomes. Fibroblast assays indicated greater viability on low-feed machined surfaces. At the same time, TMZF alloy samples showed the best results for pre-osteoblasts, despite no significant differences in roughness or wettability among the alloys. These findings underscore the critical role of surface finishing in optimizing biomaterials for implants.
Compósitos de acrilonitrila-butadieno-estireno (ABS) reciclado reforçados com tecidos de fibras vegetais e tecidos de fibras de carbono reciclados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-18) Hosokawa, Meire Noriko; Paiva, Jane Maria Faulstich de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7926832511513537; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8924-6194; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6389207869131944; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2730-367X; Frollini, Elisabete; Nunes, Andréa Oliveira; Silva, Maria Lúcia Pereira Antunes; Menezes, Aparecido Junior de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2615524841845182; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7620659413250570; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9040916399114048; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0484426340349483; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0224-1604; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0503-9284; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5638-489X
Over the years, increasing technological advances have raised concerns about the quantity and proper management of waste generated in different industry sectors. Polymers such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and carbon fibers are materials widely used in various electronics, automotive, and aeronautics sectors. These materials can also be recycled and reused in the manufacture of new products, promoting the circular economy. Natural fibers, such as jute fibers, belong to a class of materials used as an alternative to replace synthetic fibers and can be combined with recycled polymers such as ABS. In this context, this work aimed to develop hybrid composites using recycled ABS as the matrix and fabrics containing plant fibers and recycled carbon fiber fabrics as the dispersed reinforcing phase. Firstly, a study was carried out on the tensile properties of three types of bidirectional natural fiber fabrics: a jute fiber fabric (single weave, 365 g.cm-2) (T1), a jute fiber fabric (double weave, 445 g.cm-2) (T2) and a jute and cotton fiber fabric (single weave, 360 g.cm-2) (T3). To obtain the recycled carbon fiber fabrics, prepregs containing polymerized epoxy resin were used, which were subjected to heat treatments at different temperatures (450°C, 500°C and 600°C) to establish the best condition to degrade the epoxy resin and recover fabrics with properties suitable for use. The composites were molded using the hot compression method. They were evaluated by mechanical tests (tensile, flexural, and impact), thermogravimetry, water absorption, Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that T2 and T3 fabrics presented higher tensile strength values and when used as reinforcement in composites, promoted an increase of 21% in tensile strength, 78% in modulus of elasticity, and 19% in flexural strength compared to recycled ABS. Regarding carbon fiber fabrics, the best condition for their recovery was treatment at 500°C for 2 hours, obtaining fibers free of epoxy resin and without apparent degradation. When used as a reinforcement phase, carbon fiber fabrics promoted an increase of 13% in flexural strength and 20% in tensile strength of the composites compared to recycled ABS. Hybridization promoted an increase of up to 16% in flexural strength, 6% in tensile strength, and 43% in impact strength of hybrid composites compared to recycled ABS. Therefore, reusing this type of prepreg containing carbon fibers from industrial waste is a viable alternative to recover high-value materials and reinsert them into the production chain, developing more sustainable products.