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Estudos dos processos erosivos nos cursos hídricos por antropização: o caso da bacia do rio Monjolinho em São Carlos – SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-21)
Apaza, Gabith Sayda Quispe
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Menezes, Denise Balestrero
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4329605467080208
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2962-3028
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7391420960434888
Urban rivers are undergoing significant changes in their dynamics, such as straightening, narrowing, widening, and channelization. These transformations are the result of uncontrolled urbanization, which has overlooked the natural characteristics of watercourses and their floodplains, making urbanized areas more susceptible to bank erosion. This study aimed to analyze the effects of urbanization and anthropogenic interventions on marginal erosion processes in the Monjolinho River basin within the urban area of São Carlos, SP, Brazil. The methodology included spatial-temporal analyses of changes in the morphology and alignment of watercourses, anthropogenic interventions, engineering works, and land use and cover. Historical documents and maps from 1970, 1978, 1989, 1998, 2010, and 2023 were utilized, complemented by fieldwork and processed using GIS tools. The study revealed that direct changes to watercourses and modifications in the urban surroundings of the Monjolinho River and Gregório Stream have intensified erosion processes, sedimentation, and sediment deposition in their channels. Soil sample analyses from erosion-prone areas indicated the predominant presence of anthropogenic materials, reflecting improper landfilling and other human interventions that contributed to environmental degradation. The findings demonstrated that the straightening of the Monjolinho River and Gregório Stream, undertaken to meet urban demands, substantially altered their fluvial dynamics over the more than five decades analyzed.
Eros e o livro-viagem: outra leitura de Galáxias de Haroldo de Campos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-21)
Bomfim, Monalisa Medrado
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Marques, Wilton José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5763590592946918
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2559-9331
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7171053176602826
The objective of this research was to discuss Galáxias, by Haroldo de Campos, from the perspective of the poem's erotic language. The galactic fragments present different levels of eroticism and, therefore, were analyzed based on the pleasure of the text, in which the erotic manifests itself at the limit of the fruition of languages, which in Galáxias also converges with the figures of women. Since the book presupposes a free reading of the pages, the analysis regrouped the fragments into constellations that privilege the protagonism of women, exploring the palimpsest constitution of the characters of the sea-woman, the prostitute-priestesses, the Dantesque Beatrice, Marilyn Monroe and the city-women. Each fragment of the poem reveals parts of these bodies, which synchronously combine into a single woman: the muse, the logopoeic center of the poem. In order to do so, eroticism was discussed based on the theories developed by Georges Bataille and Eliane Moraes, the latter of which advances the delineation of the erotic in Brazilian literature. The formal resources of erotic language were examined based on the concepts of Roland Barthes and Severo Sarduy. It should also be noted that there are several women in the poem, represented in different geographical and historical contexts; the analysis sought to highlight them, outlining a synchronic-diachronic study. The research, therefore, highlighted the erotic aspects of Galáxias, especially those linked to the depiction of women, understood as central elements of the poem's signifying system.
O conceito de indagação dialógica em Gordon Wells: indicações para o ensino nas salas de aula contemporâneas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-22)
Souza, Michelle de
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Marigo, Adriana Fernandes Coimbra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4014738511373573
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8784-3478
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8263371733675487
This work is the result of a bibliographic research conducted through content analysis of the book “Indagación dialógica: hacia una teoría y una práctica socioculturales de la educación”, written by Gordon Wells and originally published in 1999. Its aim was to analyze how the concept of dialogic inquiry can contribute to the improvement of teaching and learning processes in contemporary classrooms. The specific goal was to identify and extract from this author's work key indications for transforming teaching practice in the classroom. The guiding questions for this research are as follows: What is the role of the teaching profession in the concept of dialogic inquiry? How can this concept contribute to transforming teaching practice for teaching and learning in the information society? The methodological approach adopted is based on the guidelines of Bardin (2015), involving a careful analysis of the selected material, the separation of analytical categories, the formulation of hypotheses, and the treatment of the results found. The theoretical framework selected engages with the author's concept and is grounded in the communicative conception of education, which sees dialogicity as the means through which we can reduce educational inequalities. As results, we found that dialogic inquiry is relevant in the information society, as it contributes to overcoming the traditional teaching model, altering the rules that prescribe the actions of educators, and addressing the challenge of producing knowledge in this society. The analysis concluded that dialogic inquiry is not just a concept, but a way of being that has a high transformative potential for teaching practice and aligns with a teaching approach that enables students to understand how knowledge is co-constructed.
A mulher-mãe em (dis)curso: a cena enunciativa na rede social Instagram
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-22)
Silva, Alice Rios Carini
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Araújo, Lígia Mara Boin Menossi de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7893136450669304
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2047-3019
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6591874970108412
The way in which society is transformed through the different technological resources at its disposal inspires the construction of this master's research, by asking questions about women in the role of mother in digital media. The objectives we set are: to weave reflections on how the discursive construction of what it means to "be a mother" on Instagram takes place, to check whether there is a movement of (re)signification of this woman's performance when circulated on the Web, to identify the main regularities and irregularities around statements that contain definitions of “mother” both in traditional dictionaries and in posts on the social network Instagram. And, thus, we answer the following question: can the woman-mother, when symbolically portrayed and defined on the social network Instagram, be linked to a scenography of idealization and romanticization of motherhood? To this end, we will base ourselves theoretically and methodologically on the analysis of French discourse with an enunciative basis undertaken by Dominique Maingueneau (2008, 2015) in his studies regarding scenes of enunciation and we will also use as theoretical material ideas from Marie-Anne Paveau (2021) about the analysis of Web 2.0 digital discourse. Considering the functioning of digital discourse, interpreting testimony by testimony, to analyze the scenes of the statement, analyzing the encompassing scene, the generic scene and the scenography of the speeches behind each definition of the woman-mother, for this we will consider language as a matter of discursive event, producing a certain utterance. The corpus of analysis is found in profiles on the social network Instagram that try, in an ironic way, to present the meaning of what it means to “be a mother” and describe motherhood. By reading these materials, we are checking whether there is a movement of (re)signification of this role of women when circulated on the Web. The idea is not to make comparisons between posts, but rather to find a pattern of reproduction in the definitions, to understand how the digital medium defines “being a mother”. Our hypothesis is that these discourses that circulate in certain profiles solidify the image of women as multitaskers, who dedicate themselves to their family out of love and should be the sole caregiver for their children.
Ingressos em circulação: um estudo sobre a revenda, legislação e o papel das plataformas digitais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-23)
Teixeira, Izabela Martins
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Salzedas, Rafael Peres
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Ferragi, Cesar Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8059661338196579
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8066-500X
This study carries out a survey on the resale of tickets, the legislation regarding the subject, what is scalping, analyzes platforms and, from a questionnaire, with 168 respondents, the behavior of the attending public towards the circulation of income and scams. The research examines the motivations of a resale, its legality, on which platforms we can find them and, from there, discuss and verify the problems surrounding the subject, the late existence of legislation on the exchange, scams applied through social networks and how this affects the public and the event production. Through a bibliographic survey, we can analyze the existing legislation, the Fan Statute and the consumer protection code, as well as as the recent approval of Law 14,597/23, which criminalizes exchange. It is through resells that fans can get tickets that are already sold out on official platforms, if They connect to each other and you can find the same ticket at different prices, but They encounter scams, abusive prices and are not protected by the event producer. oh Study indicates that greater regulation and policy implementation is necessary. audiences on the subject, as well as an improvement in purchasing and sales and social networks, in order to promote an enriching and safer experience for fans and those involved in the event.
Sistema de suporte multicamada na realidade brasileira: formação para modular os apoios às necessidades dos estudantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-24)
Costa, Juliane Dayrle Vasconcelos da
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Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3897627554738983
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3673-0681
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1803843269613637
During the two years of the Covid-19 pandemic, society faced a scenario marked by uncertainties, losses, and fears, affecting different sectors of society, including education. With the return of in-person activities, new challenges and tensions arose, both for teachers and students, regarding ensuring participation and promoting learning for all. Given the magnitude of these challenges in the current context, and recognizing the need for schools to reorganize in order to offer adequate support, services, and assistance to meet the demands of diversity, the use of innovative proposals for this new context became timely.In light of this, the present research has the general objective of developing, implementing, and evaluating a training program on the Multi-tiered System of supports (MTSS) for education professionals, aiming to contribute to their professional performance and training, thus promoting greater accessibility for students with and without disabilities. The specific objectives are: a) To develop a training program on MTSS for professionals working in education; b) To describe and analyze an innovation plan on MTSS, built collaboratively between trainers and participants; c) To evaluate the impacts of the training program on the class, the school, and the municipal network based on the professionals' perceptions; d) To assess the limitations and contributions of the MSS proposal in expanding the school's capacity to respond to the diversity of students.This study adopts a qualitative, exploratory approach, using a collaborative action research design. Thirty-eight professionals from the municipal network of a city in the state of São Paulo participated in the research. The study was conducted in three stages: 1) Planning a training program on the Multi-tiered System of supports; 2) Implementing the training program on the Multi-tiered System of supports; and 3) Evaluating the training program on the Multi-tiered System of supports. Data collection was predominantly carried out in virtual environments, through formative meetings and focus groups. An Innovation Plan to Promote the Multilayered Support System was collaboratively developed to be implemented in a challenging class, referred to in this study as "Girassol."After data collection, the material was edited, transcribed, and later analyzed through Content Analysis (CA), and categorized into three main categories: Innovation plan based on MSS; Impact of the training program; and Evaluation of the training program on MTSS. Overall, the results showed an appropriation of the concepts and principles of MTSS, which was fundamental for the development and implementation of the Innovation Plan to Promote MTSS. Significant changes were observed in the Girassol class, in the school, and in the municipal education network. Additionally, the program was well received by the participants, with positive evaluations.
ECO BOARD GAME: o jogo de tabuleiro para educação na produção sustentável
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-24)
Prestes, Sandro Gabriel Libretti
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Mendes, Juliana Veiga
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5692633697407656
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4514-2558
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Silva, Diogo Aparecido Lopes
Sustainable production is prominent in the current global context, which requires an effective educational approach in order to engage current and future generations. This study addresses the proposal and practical testing of a board game (the ECO BOARD GAME) as an educational tool to promote knowledge of sustainable production concepts in the academic environment for higher education students. The central problem that this work intended to solve is the contribution of teaching sustainable production to this gap, as well as the difficulty in effectively engaging students in this topic. The main objective of this study was to develop a board game that addressed concepts and practices related to sustainable production and, consequently, the secondary objectives involved the evaluation of the effectiveness of this game as an educational tool. To this end, the game design considered aspects such as mechanics, components and educational objectives based on a documentary and literature review, and the game model was tested in an academic environment with a group of higher education students to evaluate the effectiveness of the game. The results demonstrated that the ECO BOARD GAME was able to promote the training/understanding of participants on the principles of sustainable production, in addition to stimulating discussions and reflections on the topic in a clear and cohesive manner. Overall, expectations regarding the quality of the game were met in 84% of the analyzed items on the dimensions of tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, safety and empathy. The conclusions indicate its potential as an educational tool, for example, in Engineering courses. However, it is important to highlight that the success of these interventions depends not only on the design of the game, but also on the educational context, such as its technical content and its respective pedagogical use, in which they are implemented and on the continuous support of educators during the use of this tool.
Associação entre fatores psicossociais do trabalho e a obesidade e dor multirregional em trabalhadores da saúde
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-24)
Vieira, Ludmilla Maria Souza Mattos de Araújo
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Sato, Tatiana de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3456494998257229
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8797-8981
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4042867634900823
Psychosocial aspects have been studied even before the COVID-19 pandemic and there is concern about healthcare workers as they are exposed to tense situations, with the need to make quick and emotionally exhausting decisions. During this period, workers experienced unfavorable conditions and rapid deterioration of the psychosocial aspects of work, leading to the emergence and worsening of musculoskeletal disorders and obesity. Therefore, this investigation is important and verify whether there is an association between the variables. Objective: To investigate the association between psychosocial aspects with multiregional pain and obesity in healthcare workers. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 344 workers from the HEROES and IMPPAC cohort databases, including healthcare workers who answered the Nordic Musculoskeletal Symptoms Questionnaire and the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. Both cohorts were approved by the ethics committee and the participants signed an informed consent form. Data were analyzed using binomial logistic regression and the Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated from the ratio between body mass (in kg) and height squared (in meters). BMI was dichotomized into obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2) and non-obesity (BMI < 30 kg/m2). Psychosocial aspects were defined based on the dimensions of the COSOQ-IIBr and dichotomized into no risk for psychosocial aspects if the score was adequate (no risk = 0) and if the score indicated attention or risk, there was risk for psychosocial aspects (with risk = 1). Multiregional pain was defined from the regions with pain in the last 12 months and 7 days, according to the Nordic Musculoskeletal Symptoms Questionnaire, using the SPSS software (version 26.0) and the significance level adopted was 5% (α = 0.05). Results: Most health workers were female (78.5%); 34.6% were overweight and 22.7% were obese. The most critical dimensions of the COPSOQ were emotional demands, burnout and stress, with the proportion of workers in the risk category being 75.6%, 84.0% and 81.7%, respectively. In the logistic regression between psychosocial aspects and obesity, there was a significant association between obesity and predictability (OR=1.85 95%CI 1.09-3.13), recognition (OR=1.94 95%CI 1.10-3.39), trust in management (OR=2.12 95%CI 1.03-4.36), social support (OR=1.83 95%CI 1.03-3.23), work-family conflict (OR=1.70 95%CI 1.00-2.85), health and well-being (OR=2.27 95%CI 1.15-4.49) and burnout (OR=2.45 95%CI 1.04-5.78). In the logistic regression between psychosocial aspects and multiregional pain, there was a significant association between multisite pain and work pace (OR=3.58, 95%CI 1.36-9.43), emotional demands (OR=3.92, 95%CI 1.42-10.8), work-family conflict (OR=3.29, 95%CI 1.20-9.05), burnout (OR=4.17, 95%CI 1.39-12.5) and stress (OR=3.20, 95%CI 1.14-8.99). Conclusions: A significant association was identified between obesity and multiregional pain with several psychosocial aspects, with burnout standing out in both models analyzed. Considering that psychosocial factors play a crucial role in maintaining health, the relationship between these factors, obesity and multiregional pain should be further investigated in prevention programs aimed at psychosocial health. This deepening can contribute to the development of more effective intervention and health promotion strategies.
Análise de potência elétrica em tempo real: experimento didático com Arduino e lâmpadas fluorescentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-25)
Souza, Kaíque Thiago de
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Soares, Antônio Augusto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8093480629202515
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Maria, Marco Aurélio Euflauzino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2603711351440791
The enhancement of physics education can be achieved through the integration of experimentation in laboratories or classrooms, creating an inspiring environment for students to explore the subject matter and motivate themselves to acquire new knowledge in the scientific context. The incorporation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs)plays a fundamental role in this approach, as evidenced by the use of Arduino for data collection in educational experiments. In this context, the purpose of this dissertation is to present an educational experiment on electricity, designed for high school students, with the aim of addressing fundamental concepts such as electric current, electric voltage, and electrical power. The adopted methodology consists of a case study, grounded in David Ausubel's Theory of Meaningful Learning, to analyze qualitative results in light of this perspective. The experiment was conducted with a third-year high school class, outside of regular class hours, at a private educational institution. Research data were obtained through pre-tests, post-tests, opinion surveys, and reports. This work provided a conducive learning environment to inspire students, facilitating effective learning about the addressed physical phenomena. Furthermore, it contributed to the development of skills aligned with theguidelines of the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC).
Proposição de roteiro turístico em Taiwan: "Someday or One Day"
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-25)
Yeu, Hsieh Harn
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Ferragi, Cesar Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8059661338196579
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8066-500X
;
Han
This Final Course Project proposes the creation of a tourist itinerary in Taiwan inspired by the drama Someday or One Day, combining aspects of cultural and cinematic tourism and the growing popularity of Asian dramas. The research, of an exploratory and qualitative nature, was based on a literature review and an interview with a travel agent specializing in East Asia, with the aim of understanding how audiovisual products influence tourist behavior. The study starts from the concept of film-induced tourism, a branch of cultural tourism that awakens travelers' interest in visiting locations of audiovisual productions. It is observed that, while countries like South Korea and Japan have already consolidated this type of tourism, Taiwan presents great potential that is still largely unexplored, driven by the success of Someday or One Day, whose international impact even encouraged official tourism promotion actions. The author proposes a ten-day itinerary through cities such as Taipei, Tainan, Taoyuan, and Yilan, which combines locations from the series with historical, cultural, and gastronomic attractions, aiming to attract both fans of the drama and tourists seeking authentic experiences. The interview conducted confirmed the viability and market potential of the itinerary, highlighting the importance of integrating popular media content into the tourism offer. It is concluded that film tourism can be an instrument of cultural dissemination and innovation, strengthening Taiwan's image on the international stage. The work contributes to the field of tourism by broadening the debate on the influence of media in the construction of tourist destinations and by proposing new possibilities for connection between Asian audiovisual media and Brazilian tourism.
Aplicação de técnicas avançadas de ressonância magnética nuclear para análise de produtos farmacêuticos com foco em análise de misturas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-25)
Paez, Elida Betania Ariza
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Venâncio, Tiago
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4438399441102990
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2219330150570833
In this work, the Designed Refocused Excitation and optional Mixing for Targets In vivo and Mixture Elucidation (DREAMTIME) technique was applied for the analysis of complex degradation mixtures of pharmaceutical compounds, focusing on cases with spectral overlapping and low intensity signals in 1H-NMR spectra. The DREAMTIME technique improves molecular specificity compared to conventional spectra by combining double selective excitation with amplitude- and phase-modulated waveforms. The use of spectral filters allows to cancel unwanted components, isolating one or more compounds simultaneously within a mixture. The study had two main objectives: (1) the implementation of the DREAMTIME sequence using a standard sample of known composition and concentration, and (2) its application in the selection and separation of degradation products of the drugs sofosbuvir (SOF) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), under acidic and basic conditions, without the need for physical separation. The degradation products were identified by two-dimensional NMR techniques, such as COSY, TOCSY, HMBC and HSQC, and the signals were selectively isolated using DREAMTIME. In the case of SOF, seven acidic degradation products and four basic degradation products were identified. For TDF, four products were identified in the acidic degradation and five in the basic degradation. The DREAMTIME technique proved to be effective in recovering the signals of the compounds, resolving the spectral overlap between the parent drug and the degradation products. Quantification was performed based on quantitative 1H-NMR spectra, after 48 hours of degradation. The degradation of SOF as an active principle was determined under acidic conditions (10.10%), due to the presence of isolated signals. However, the absence of isolated signals under basic conditions for SOF and under both conditions for TDF prevented the accurate determination of the degradation of these compounds. It is important to highlight that the optimization of the DREAMTIME technique parameters, such as the pulse time, the average coupling constant in J, and the mixing time filter, was essential to improve the selectivity and intensity of the signals, ensuring the obtaining of clean and well-resolved spectra.
Uma abordagem matemática no ensino da robótica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-25)
Queiroz, Paula Caroline Lopes Custodio
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Seixas, Wladimir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1697352974728327
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0843-3500
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4947279654139934
The objective of this research is to present a proposal on how robotics can contribute to the teaching of mathematics today. To this end, we discuss the trajectory of educational robotics and propose a set of activities for robotics classes integrated with mathematical concepts, highlighting the possibilities of addressing mathematics content in the 3rd, 4th, and 5th grades of Elementary School. In addition, alternative activities with diverse materials are suggested, thus ensuring access for all schools. The activities presented exemplify the potential of robotics in teaching mathematics, combining specific robotics materials with other resources, thereby promoting a comprehensive learning experience.
Utilização de biossensores para o diagnóstico precoce de arbovírus: revisão de escopo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-27)
Vicente, Ligia Marques
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Rodrigues, Rafaela Carla Piotto
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Uehara, Sílvia Carla da Silva André
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1732961409855372
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6807810410093625
Mapping scientific knowledge about the development of biosensors to be used for the early diagnosis of arboviruses. Scoping review based on studies searched in Lilacs, PubMed, SciELO and Web of Science databases. Nineteen (19) articles were selected, in total. The selected studies presented different types of biosensors used to detect arboviruses and their variants, with emphasis on dengue and Zika viruses. Electrochemical, optical and plasmon resonance were the biosensors mostly used for the aforementioned purpose due to their little margin of error. They enable reliable and fast diagnosis processes, besides being easy to handle and its low cost. Biosensors capable of identifying arboviruses are not yet available in health services, since they still require advancements to be achieved at practical research stages.
O realismo de Bergson
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-28)
Trevisan, Heliakim Marques
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Marques, Silene Torres
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4822141288006918
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3395-7381
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3912661990696566
La présente thèse cherche à montrer qu’il y a un réalisme dans l’œuvre de Bergson. Pour cela, quelques œuvres qui constituent le noyau de sa métaphysique ont été analysées. On y observe le projet de l'auteur de justifier l'appréhension d'une réalité qui dépasse les pouvoirs de la subjectivité. C’est un thème qui se révèle sous différentes formulations, mais c’est dans Matière et Mémoire que l’on trouve l’expression la plus claire d’une telle entreprise, dans laquelle une théorie de la connaissance se fonde sur la base de l’existence, ou de la réalité elle-même. L'évolution créatrice occupe également une place fondamentale dans le thème, car le réel, dans cette œuvre, comme absolu, est défini comme ordonné au-delà de la subjectivité, par le flux qui se fait à travers ce qui se défait, exprimant, de l’intérieur, la dynamique même de l’intériorité. Ce sont des ouvrages qui présentent la théorie de la connaissance traversée par la métaphysique, montrant dans quelle mesure elles participent à la même réalité, même si l’entendement n'a pas le privilège sur l'absolu, puisque la connaissance doit dériver de l'existence, et non de l'existence de la connaissance. Et c’est précisément pour cette raison qu’il s’agit du réalisme. Outre les ouvrages cités ci-dessus, d'autres textes métaphysiques de l'auteur sont explorés, notamment dans La Pensée et le Mouvement, mais aussi dans l'Énergie Spirituelle. Certains commentateurs contribuent de manière significative aux analyses, comme Bento Prado Jr. et Alain Panero, entre autres. La recherche porte principalement sur la métaphysique de l'auteur, qui s'exprime dans une philosophie de la nature, qui servira de base à la théorie de la connaissance ; À la fin, nous discutons de ce que Bergson considérait comme le résultat de sa doctrine.
Algoritmos para seleção de variáveis em modelos Markovianos ocultos não-homogêneos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-29)
Sabillón Lee, Gustavo Alexis
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Zuanetti, Daiane Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8352484284929824
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1591-959X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4713725426670655
Non-homogeneous hidden Markov models are a statistical paradigm in which a sequence of non-observable states generates a sequence of observable. Transitions between the non-observable states are controlled by transition coefficients and covariates. Because variable selection has been hardly explored for this model, the central purpose of this thesis is to propose variable selection methods which improve predictive performance of the model. We propose two versions of the LASSO for the non-homogeneous hidden Markov model, the Global LASSO and Individual LASSO. The proposed methods are tested in a simulation study, to analyze their performance under controlled conditions. Evaluation metrics used are the mean squared prediction error, non-observable sequence prediction accuracy and coefficient shrinkage efficiency. Regarding the mean squared prediction error, the proposals consistently show better predictive performance than ARIMA and Penalized Linear Regression. They show very good performance when predicting the non-observable state sequence which generates the observable values. In terms of coefficient shrinkage efficiency, the proposals show excellent performance in all simulation scenarios when selecting variables via coefficient shrinkage. This gain in predictive performance as well as the ability to perform variable selection makes the proposed methods an interesting option to apply with the model. Finally, the methods are applied to characterize and predict the rainfall regime in the city of São Carlos, Brazil, displaying good performance when predicting rainfall quantities in the region as well as selecting relevant covariates for the model.
Psicologia e relações raciais: análise do processo histórico de formação de profissionais da psicologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-29)
Assis, Beatriz Vieira de
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Cruz, Ana Cristina Juvenal da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6736396213946663
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8401-376X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0864212205523523
This research aims to analyze Psychology training from the perspective of racial relations in Brazil. To this end, Psychology is articulated as a scientific and educational field that relates to the modes of development and the constitution of subjectivity within culture and social relations. As a basic principle, the racism experienced by Black people is considered, as it structurally organizes Brazilian society and, given this, it is essential that the Psychology course is capable of training professionals who are duly qualified to act competently in the face of racial dynamics. To this end, as a methodology, a theoretical qualitative research approach was conducted on ethnic-racial relations in Psychology training, based on the understanding and explanation of social dynamics. As results, it was possible to perceive that although there have been advances throughout the history of Psychology regarding ethnic-racial issues, it must be recognized that intellectual production under the premise of ethnic and racial relations is still rendered invisible. This context indicates that confronting structural and epistemic racism in the academic field remains a challenge, but that the delineation of the field has been seeded, especially with the enrichment of knowledge promoted by the contribution of Black intellectuals in the authorship of scientific productions.
A teoria da personalidade em Bergson
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-29)
Morais, Yago Antonio de Oliveira
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Pinto, Débora Cristina Morato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1311151012002541
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9895-6988
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1044336507892154
The aim is to investigate and analyze the question of personality in Bergson. Our aim is to explore some necessary conditions for thinking about personality, both the properties of the notion of consciousness as duration and some considerations about the role played by the body. We will look in particular at Bergson's three main works, Essai sur les données immédiates de la conscience, Matière et mémoire and L'évolution créatrice. We will follow how the philosopher rethought interiority, considering it in relation to the living body, as well as exploring the notion of life, the main aspects of which are related to these elements. Bergson defends a concept of personality linked to consciousness, which is therefore psychological, but which is also linked to its physical basis, the body. The notion of personality, in this sense, is circumscribed as something between these two domains, both thought of in the light of duration. Our proposal, then, consists of arguing that there is a theory established by the philosopher that converges with his philosophy of duration.
Desenvolvimento de sensores eletroquímicos descartáveis para detecção do biomarcador miRNA-208b visando o diagnóstico de doenças coronarianas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-30)
Santos, Vagner da Silva
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Faria, Ronaldo Censi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8659496864305621
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1094-9597
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9161244309596182
DEVELOPMENT OF DISPOSABLE ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS FOR DETECTION OF THE BIOMARKER miRNA-208B AIMING AT THE DIAGNOSIS OF CORONARY DISEASES. Coronary diseases (CDs) are the most common type of cardiovascular disease, affecting the heart and blood vessels, and are one of the leading causes of death not only in Brazil but worldwide. The diagnosis of CD is made through electrocardiogram or monitoring of serological markers. Regardless of being the most commonly used methods for evaluating these diseases, they require specialized personnel and use nonspecific markers that take hours to be detected in the bloodstream. Due to these limitations, we propose an electrochemical method that uses magnetic particles decorated with biotin and a DNA probe (hairpin) to detect miRNA-208b, which is specific for myocardial infarction and released at the onset of cardiac necrosis. The viability of the method consists of the effective opening and annealing of the hairpin with miRNA-208b. After that, the bioconjugate is incubated with streptavidin-HRP. Thus, the temperature and denaturation time, as well as the concentration of hairpin, detection probe, and biotin, were evaluated. Moreover, the method uses a disposable device with eight independent electrochemical cells based on carbon paste, which allows for the simultaneous detection of eight different samples or targets. With the chosen conditions, the method produced an analytical range of 0,01 to 5,00x103 fmol L-1 with a detection limit of 0,22 fmol L-1. In this way, the method proved to be sensitive for the detection of miRNA-208b and specific when evaluated with other non-specific target sequences for the hairpin. Furthermore, the system's stability was monitored for 24 days, with a significant drop in the current signal only on the last day, around 69.8%. The method was applied to real blood serum samples from people with diseases that trigger heart problems without any pre-treatment steps of the samples and still corroborated with the RT-PCR results. Thus, in summary, the method proved to be sensitive, specific, low-cost, and with enormous potential to become an alternative for diagnosing coronary artery diseases.
Terreiro e cotidiano: contribuições para outras perspectivas de cuidado voltadas para pessoas negras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-30)
Santos, Anna Carolina
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Silva, Carla Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6417501858864106
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7079-8340
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8470043602509534
This work proposes dialogues between the Everyday and the Terreiro, aiming to expand care perspectives for Black people through an immersion in Ilê Axé BaraKetu IyaSessu, located in the West Zone of Rio de Janeiro. The research, which takes a qualitative and autoethnographic approach, investigated the community's daily life and its system of cultural symbols from the perspective of Care. Interviews and the PhotoVoice technique were conducted with participants who had been frequenting the terreiro for over two years and volunteered to contribute to the research. Data analysis resulted in four thematic groups: Care and Non-Human Community Heritage, Care and Territoriality, Care and Traditional African Matrix Science of Terreiro, and Care and Sacred Commensality. The results strengthen discussions on Care in the field of Occupational Therapy and promote the inclusion of counter-hegemonic knowledge in the production of knowledge, contributing to a better understanding of care practices directed toward Black people based on Traditional African Matrix Knowledge of the Terreiro.
Tocar uma cadeia: a gestão neoliberal do sofrimento carcerário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-30)
Rossler Junior, Eduardo Henrique
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Sinhoretto, Jacqueline
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7743699562476490
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6654671943845705
This thesis aims to understand the work of prison wardens from two perspectives: that of prison units and that of the coordenadorias of prison units in the interior of São Paulo. From these two spheres, we seek to analyze how their professional identities and career trajectories are constructed, as well as to investigate the formal and informal selection processes that enable hierarchical progression in these environments. The central hypothesis defended is that neoliberalism has significantly impacted prison management practices, increasing the distance between prison units and administration. This is materialized through a work model that prioritizes the production of indicators and targets, which often fail to meet the actual needs of prison units. To achieve this objective, a qualitative approach was adopted, with an emphasis on autoethnography, ethnography, interviews, and field observation. As a result, it was found that the regionalization of the coordenadorias, stemming from the expansion of penitentiary bureaucracy, has turned into a "factory of metrics," demanding targets from prison units that are often impossible to measure. Consequently, prison wardens end up becoming administrators of carceral suffering, which reveals itself not only as a byproduct of incarceration institutions but also as an object of disputes over the definition of what it means to be a good professional in this field.