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O ensino centrado em competências básicas e específicas: contribuições do Estágio Curricular Supervisionado (ECS) na formação do psicólogo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-20) Santos, Jociane Marthendal Oliveira; Lima, Paulo Gomes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5109357037661496; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9932-4934; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0881773975437368; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0980-6724
The objective of this study was to analyze how teaching focused on basic and specific skills has been oriented in supervised curricular internships for the training of psychologists in Brazil, based on the perceptions of teachers and students. To achieve this objective, the following procedural axes were developed: the first axis was to understand the foundations of training policies for Psychology and changes in its current context, based on Hannah Arendt's work category. Since it is training for work, Hannah Arendt's works supported the reflection on a humanized training based on the development of potentialities as a conditioning and vital process. As a second axis, it was possible to identify the articulation between theory and practice in supervised curricular internships according to basic and specific skills based on documents such as course plans from the institutions studied, thesis and dissertations specific to the area of psychology, and documents from national and international educational and professional bodies that helped to understand the macro and micro vision of the paths of training for future psychology professionals. Thus, we opted for a qualitative research approach using documentary analysis techniques as a method. As a third axis, interviews were conducted with subjects from the selected institutions using a script of semi-structured questions. Four higher education institutions in the state of São Paulo were selected, each with different universes: one public, one religious, one community-based, and one private. The interview participants were teachers and students, who were selected according to established criteria that considered their training and professional practice. A total of 18 interviews were obtained, four with teachers and 14 with students. The content analysis technique, according to Bardin (2011), was used to analyze the data collected. The research presented evidence that the training of psychology professionals in the institutions studied requires guidelines that ensure greater qualification. The requirements included in the guidelines promote a behavioral change in the future professional for a more active student, but do not ensure actions of the skills required for basic training, according to the data collected. The internships carried out do not necessarily promote the articulation of theory and practice in the students' view. Teacher training was highlighted when considering that many teachers teach classes and supervise internships without having the necessary experience. The supervision time is short, which is detrimental to training. Teaching ethics is restricted to the time given in the courses offered and the subject is only revisited if the appropriate articulations are promoted based on internships.
Impacto do material particulado atmosférico sedimentável emitido por indústrias metalúrgicas em girinos de rã-touro (Aquarana catesbeiana)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-20) Costa, Regiane Luiza da; Monteiro, Diana Amaral; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0358411551730768; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1178-6673; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2901217355687853; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8250-8593
The settleable particulate matter (SePM), is composed of metals and metalloids which, when deposited in water, can use impacts on the aquatic biota. This study assessed the bioaccumulation of metals, genotoxic and mutagenic effects, as well as physiological and biochemical biomarkers in bullfrog tadpoles (A. catesbeiana), exposed 96 hours to a sublethal and environmentally relevant concentration of SePM (1 g/L-1). The SePM was collected on Ilha do Boi, in Vitória, ES, an area with intense steel and metallurgy activity. The results indicated bioaccumulation of metals in the blood, such as Sn, Cr, La, Ce, Al, Ag, Pb, Ti, and Fe. Health alterations were observed in the animals, with a 25% increase in the hepatosomatic index and a 12% decrease in the condition factor. Hemoglobin concentration and total cell count increased by 17% and 112%, respectively. Mutagenic effects on erythrocytes were indicated by a 340% increase in micronucleus frequency. In the comet assay, there was a significant increase in comet area (44.91%) and DNA content in the tail (85.49%), indicating genotoxic damage. In the heart tissue, high concentrations of Ti, Fe, V, Ba, and Mn were quantified, confirmed bioaccumulation. SePM exposure increased heart rate by 28% and decreased relative ventricular mass by 19%. Cardiac contractility parameters, showed a 60% increase in contraction strength, 50% in contraction rate, 55% in relaxation rate, and 66% in cardiac pumping capacity. The blockage of the NCX exchanger resulted in a significant reduction in the control group and exposed groups, respectively, of 39% and 49% in contraction force, 25% and 4% in contraction rate, 47% and 40% in relaxation rate, and approximately 58% and 64% in cardiac pumping capacity, indicating that the exchanger plays a significant role in calcium cycling. Protein carbonyl levels increased by 80%, the GSH:GSSG ratio increased by 121% and ACAP levels increased by 37% in cardiac tissue. These results indicate that even at a sublethal concentration, SePM demonstrated genotoxic and mutagenic potential, causing alterations in the blood. Additionally, exposure to SePM induce chronotropic, inotropic, and lusitropic responses, as typical compensatory stress responses. The results of oxidative stress biomarkers in cardiac tissue revealed mechanisms and strategies to neutralize reactive oxygen species. This study provides evidence that metallic particles from SePM, originating from metallurgical industries, induce damage and may compromise physiological homeostasis, even with short-term exposure and at sublethal concentrations, reinforcing the need for stricter regulations to control the emission of this material.
Modificação da superfície do titânio através da técnica de PEO (Oxidação Eletrolítica assistida por Plasma), dopagem do óxido e a investigação das propriedades fotocatalíticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-20) Garcia, Uanderson Mezavila; Trivinho-Strixino, Francisco; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9740223649776400; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0990-0270; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6240710477686567; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6701-8094; Trivinho-Strixino, Francisco; Fernades, Valéria Cristina; Sikora, Mariana de Sousa; Mendonça, Vagner Romito de; Mambrini, Giovanni Pimenta; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9740223649776400; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7987385835577071; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4270375873948823; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4270375873948823; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7723027354150918; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0990-0270; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0448-5717; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3925-5452; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2300-9959
This study investigates the development and characterization of titanium dioxide TiO2 semiconductor films synthesized via Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) for applications in heterogeneous photocatalysis. The primary objective was to evaluate the impact of incorporating various elements — including transition metals (Nb, Ni, Cu, Mo, W, and Fe) and rare earths (Ce) — combined with systematically controlled pH variations (acidic, neutral, and basic media), on the structural, optical, and morphological properties of the resulting coatings. The results demonstrated that the electrolyte composition plays a major role in oxide growth kinetics and crystallinity. While H3PO4 -based solutions favored the detection of crystalline phases, the basic medium containing NH4OH led to a mostly amorphous structure across most samples. Scanning electron microscopy revealed rough surfaces with pores typical of plasma discharges, with diameters and distribution strongly dictated by the electrolyte. Optically, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy estimated the films' bandgap values, showing subtle shifts in the electronic absorption edge induced by the incorporated elements within the TiO2 matrix. Additionally, current transient curves precisely mapped the dielectric breakdown behavior during the transition to the plasma regime. Regarding the incorporation process, niobium achieved the highest rate in an acidic medium (12.4%), though it did not yield substantial performance gains in photocatalysis. Assays revealed that the top three efficiencies for Rhodamine B degradation under UVA radiation were achieved by molybdenum-modified samples in a basic medium (44.8%), followed closely by molybdenum-iron co-incorporated systems (29.3%) in a basic medium and molybdenum-iron (21.6%) in an acidic medium.
Educação CTSA baseada em Freire: produção de saberes da ciência química na Educação de Jovens e Adultos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-20) Domingues, Luana Almeida Cardoso Sampaio; Santos Junior, João Batista dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5615071332323472; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1952-2242; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9978142265940310; https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3602-3680
The present study aims to understand the objectives of Youth and Adult Education, its configuration in the State of São Paulo, and its semi-presential modality present in the State Centers for Youth and Adult Education, considering contextualized pedagogical practices that could be developed in these spaces, with a focus on teaching Chemistry, which historically presents difficulties and poses a challenge in basic education. Therefore, with the aim of investigating the teaching of Chemistry in Youth and Adult Education through methodologies and approaches that could promote the learning of these subjects and their approach to scientific knowledge, a didactic sequence was developed contextualized in the Science, Technology, Society, and Environment approach. The generating theme emerged from the context of the participants, using different activities and school spaces, with an emphasis on practical activities carried out in the laboratory. The target audience of this research was the young and adult students from the State Center for Youth and Adult Education (CEEJA) in a city in the state of São Paulo. The didactic sequence began with 10 participants, but only 5 completed all the proposed activities. The sequence was organized into five activities and data were collected through the application of questionnaires, the production of personal reports by participants, and the conducting of interviews. These data were analyzed through Content Analysis to produce inferences about the influence of the activities on the ideas expressed by the participants regarding Science and Chemistry related to the theme, as well as on the learning of concepts and contents of the Chemistry discipline also related to the theme. The analysis of the data from the first group indicates that there was a change in ideas, as well as learning in Chemistry, with each participant demonstrating distinct development during the research, characteristic of Youth and Adult Education and the flexible model of individualized care present in the school. Furthermore, it was possible to infer that the practical activities favored the learning of these subjects and that the knowledge developed on the theme was translated into actions in their daily lives.
Identificação de imperfeições em pavimentos flexíveis de rodovias por meio de imagens de vídeo e aprendizado de máquina profundo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-20) Vita, Diego Eduardo de; Melanda, Edson Augusto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1554762456965991; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3132036375441741
According to data from the National Transportation Confederation in 2023, almost 57% of Brazilian highways Brazilian highways have some kind of pavement-related problem, after analyzing the 43.843 km of state highways and 67.659 km of federal highways. By 2022, around 60% of all cargo transported in the country used the road system. and between 2019 and 2021 alone, there were 195,326 accidents. This shows the importance of the road system, but also, in a way, warns of the conservation conditions that roads must be in, and they also need to be maintained quickly and assertively. and assertiveness in maintenance, which is directly related to efficiency in assessment of sidewalk conditions. We can therefore understand the impact of the slowness in assessing the sidewalk of Brazilian roads. In this sense, great efforts have been efforts have been made to carry out an automated assessment, providing the speed that the the process needs. As a result, computational machine learning machine learning techniques have been used to train artificial intelligence algorithms capable of algorithms capable of identifying patterns through images and, therefore, diagnosing the situation the situation found on the roads using the images analyzed. This paper therefore presents structure, pathologies and sidewalk management. It also the main literature on deep neural networks, convolutional networks and object detection. networks and object detection, and then proposes automated inspection of road sidewalks using using deep learning algorithms, by means of video images. images. The results of this work show the identification of pathologies in 98% of the images selected for a real detection test. The method chosen for dataset enabled the model to process the training stage and then be applied to the test. applied to the test. In addition, the dataset was formulated after the initial detection section, which led to the best section, which led to the best labeling strategy for the case of detecting the pans and cracks. Finally, the average confidence result based on the detected images was promising when the size of the image bank used for training is analyzed. used for training.
O papel da Inteligência Artificial e da Ciência de Dados na Gestão Eletrônica de Documentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-20) Magalhães, Edenilza Valéria da Silva; Neves, Barbara Coelho; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7327673330074701; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3429-7522; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0741110820466754; https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2316-4117
Electronic Document Management is a discipline within Information Science that encompasses technologies, tools, and systems critical to the organization, preservation, protection, distribution, and use of informational resources in corporate and institutional settings, particularly in the digital age. Artificial Intelligence and Data Science emerge as transformative technologies, enabling innovation through process automation, advanced analytics, and enhanced information retrieval, thus improving efficiency and supporting decision-making. To explore their contributions to this field, a systematic literature review addressed the core question: How do Artificial Intelligence and Data Science contribute to Electronic Document Management? The study aimed to uncover patterns, challenges, and opportunities that advance document management practices. A protocol was applied across databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, Brapci, and LISTA, covering the period from 2000 to 2024. Eighteen articles were selected, mostly experimental or practical studies, revealing diverse applications of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science in document management. However, the review identified key gaps, including the lack of standardized terminology, challenges in acquiring large datasets for model training and testing, ethical issues, and low adoption rates among information professionals, which limit full implementation. Future work could extend this research into specialized areas like health record management and technical project documentation. Another potential direction involves creating a multidisciplinary thesaurus for Artificial Intelligence and Data Science or utilizing tools like GitHub and patent databases to identify developed and available solutions. This study seeks to uncover opportunities for applying Artificial Intelligence and Data Science in Electronic Document Management.
Efeitos da fotobiomodulação transcraniana associada ao exercício no desempenho motor e cognitivo de camundongos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-20) Tremarin, Renata Ferreira de Guzzi; Gianlorenço, Anna Carolyna Lepesteur; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3861050459671690; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7334-3835; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5278351994171677; https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9686-4026
Physical and cognitive changes inherent to the aging process are a concern given the growing elderly population. Behavioral interventions to slow functional decline while maintaining a healthy standard of living are widely studied. Developing safe therapies with proven biological and neurophysiological effects requires the use of non-clinical animal models to predict human outcomes. Non-invasive brain stimulation and physical exercise are non-pharmacological interventions attracting attention due to their lack of associated adverse events, robust safety profile, and potential to improve motor and cognitive functions by reducing inflammation, promoting cell proliferation, and mitigating oxidative stress. Few studies explore the combined effects of photobiomodulation and exercise in this context, so the present study aims to evaluate behavioral responses and neuroprotective effects in middle-aged mice subjected to transcranial photobiomodulation therapy and physical exercise. The hypothesis is that these interventions improve cognitive and motor function after 10 days. Methods: Fifty male Swiss albino mice, aged 8–10 months, were divided into groups: one receiving ten daily photobiomodulation sessions (PBM+S), one with inactive photobiomodulation (SHAM+S), one combining photobiomodulation and running wheel exercises (PBM+E), a fourth group with inactive photobiomodulation and exercise (SHAM+E), and a control group. Behavioral analyses included memory tests (object recognition test), motor performance (rotarod test), and general locomotion (open field test). Statistical analyses utilized STATA software, with parametric data analyzed using one-way ANOVA and non-parametric data via Kruskal-Wallis tests, followed by post-hoc analysis and Bonferroni correction. Results: Significant differences emerged in memory performance among groups. The SHAM+E group showed higher memory values compared to PBM+S (z = 2.496, p = 0.0125), while the PBM+S group exhibited significantly lower memory values than SHAM+S (z = -2.451, p = 0.0143). No significant differences were found in other variables. Conclusion: Photobiomodulation alone facilitated memory improvement in mice, independent of exercise. Conversely, exercise also produced an effect, though of lesser magnitude. These findings suggest that in healthy middle-aged mice, photobiomodulation alone can enhance cognitive function, but its combination with exercise did not yield the same performance, warranting further studies for application to other populations and parameters.
Entre telas: mercado e tecnologia digital na (re)construção do dispositivo pornográfico no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-20) Santos, Dionys Melo dos; Leite Júnior, Jorge; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7253561448346772; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6234-9169; Negro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9877582726023800; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9301-7765; Leite Junior, Jorge; Pires, Aline Suelen; Nascimento, Silvana de Souza; Milano, Laura Vanesa; Balieiro, Fernando de Figueiredo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7253561448346772; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8860270341724853; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0383359382532310; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1754073430664136; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5932-1050; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4685-6931; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6234-9169; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3952-4779; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5661-4915
The main objective of the text on screen is to analyze the current stage of the Brazilian porn industry. More specifically, the following work intends to analyze the impacts of “new” digital technologies, especially smartphones and content sharing platforms, on the national porn ecosystem. In recent years, the porn industry's production chain has been undergoing intense transformations, mainly with regard to the emergence of independent producers who sell their content through applications. “New” bodies and desires, new consumption. Inclusion and diversity are fundamental processes for contemporary capitalism, at least in discourse, and in the pornographic field it would be no different. Starting from empirical research, carried out with national porn producers, through interviews and participation in events aimed at the adult entertainment market, such as business fairs, workshops and parties, this research finds a key point in the concept of “sexual wellness” in a process that aims to increase engagement and encourage the destigmatization of the field.
A ambiência nos centros de atenção psicossocial iii do município de Campinas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-20) Santos, Erick; Morato, Giovana Garcia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2928616003881655; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8886-9541; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0761519789906983; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6246-9638
With its first records dating back to 2003, the ambience occurs in CAPS III units, its emergence and incorporation in the field of Mental Health and Psychosocial Care stemmed from the Psychiatric Reform and the National Humanization Policy within the SUS. Although widely present and practiced today in health services in general, the concept of ambience in the context of the CAPS III lacks comprehensive studies that favour its understanding and operationalization. Thus, the present research had the primary objective of identifying and understanding the concept and practice of ambience among professionals and managers at CAPS III units in the city of Campinas. The specific objectives were: a) to understand the function, definition and operationalization of ambience from the perspective of the professionals and managers; b) to identify the relationship between professional units and the ambience- related practices carried out by different professionals working in CAPS III; c) to describe the potentialities and challenges of the ambience from the perspective of the professionals and managers. This is exploratory, descriptive research with a qualitative approach, with CAPS III units in the city of Campinas as the field of investigation. A total of five managers and nine higher education professionals distributed in five CAPS III units in Campinas participated in this research. Data was collected through a Participant Characterization Form, a Service Characterization Form, a Semi- Structured Interview Guide for Professionals, and a Semi-Structured Interview Guide for Managers. The data from the forms completed by the professionals and managers were subjected to a simple descriptive analysis, while the interviews with higher education professionals underwent Thematic Analysis, generating the following thematic categories: Unveiling within the walls of CAPS III: Ambience, what is it and what is it for?; The art of caring in the ambience: balance between coexistence and therapeutic intervention; Perspectives and practices of the various centres of knowledge and professional training for the development of the ambience: the multidisciplinary exercise of sharing readings; Paths to the ambience: strengths and challenges; On the actors involved: management. In short, the research contributes significantly to the understanding of the ambience in CAPS III, deepening the theoretical framework regarding ambience in Psychosocial Care, as well as providing new knowledge that enhances the practical approaches of professionals who work or intend to work in CAPS. It highlights their crucial role in promoting care and Mental Health. It also added a new perspective by integrating the conceptualization and definition of ambience, and it pointed out the importance of promoting training programs and the need for participatory management as central aspects that can guide future improvements and innovations in practice. Additionally, this study highlighted the need for investment in CAPS III environments, whether at a scientific, macropolitical, or practical level, as this aspect proved to be essential for enhancing the quality of care provided in CAPS III services, as well as advancing care strategies within the field of Psychosocial Care.
Efeito da terapia a laser de alta intensidade em pacientes com dor cervical crônica inespecífica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-20) De La Barra Ortiz, Hernán Andrés; Arias, Mariana; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5905617922199364; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5081-5326; Liebano, Richard Eloin; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1397951221512127; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4795-6723; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3927-1743
Chronic non-specific neck pain (CNNP) is a leading global cause of disability, affecting a significant portion of the population. Due to its multifactorial nature, which encompasses physical, psychosocial, and lifestyle factors, treatment requires comprehensive therapeutic approaches. Laser therapy has gained attention for its ability to alleviate pain and improve function in patients with musculoskeletal pain. While low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has demonstrated efficacy, high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) is emerging as a superior therapeutic option. HILT combines photobiomodulation with thermal effects, allowing for faster and more efficient energy delivery and covering larger treatment areas. This combination optimizes pain relief and tissue repair processes, offering a promising approach, particularly for pain resistant to conventional treatments. STUDY 1. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on the effectiveness of high-intensity laser therapy in the management of neck pain. Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effects of high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) on pain, disability, and range of motion in patients with neck pain. Methods: Randomized controlled trials (ECAs) on high-intensity laser therapy for neck pain disorders were searched across multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, the PEDro database, and Google Scholar (updated until January 7, 2024). Pain intensity was considered the primary outcome, while neck disability and range of motion were categorized as secondary outcomes. Researchers screened titles and abstracts using the Rayyan web application. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool, and evidence-based recommendations were formulated using the GRADE approach. A meta-analysis was conducted to calculate the pooled effect in terms of mean differences (MD) for the outcomes of interest, along with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: Twenty studies met the selection criteria and were considered potentially eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. At the end of treatment, a statistically significant pooled MD of -14.1 mm for pain intensity (17 ECAs) measured by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) (95% CI: -18.4 to -9.7), 3.9° (95% CI: 1.9 to 6.7) for cervical extension (9 ECAs), and -8.3% (95% CI: -14.1 to -4.1) for disabilityreduction measured by the Neck DisabilityIndex (12 ECAs) was observed, all favoring HILT. Only the results for pain intensity aligned with the minimal clinically important differences (MCID) reported in the literature. Overall, the evidence was deemed significant but with low certainty, attributed to observed heterogeneity and some risk of bias among the ECAs. Conclusion: HILT demonstrates effectiveness in reducing neck pain and disability while enhancing cervical extension when combined with other physical therapy interventions, especially therapeutic exercises, based on a moderate level of evidence. This review highlights that the most favorable results are obtained when HILT is employed to address myofascial pain, cervical radiculopathy, and chronic neck pain. STUDY 2. Effect of high-intensity laser therapy in patients with nãon-specific chronic neck pain: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial Objective: The aim of this study is to present a protocol for a randomized controlled trial (ECA) that will assess the effect of high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) on pain intensity in patients with chronic nãon-specific neck pain (CNNP), considering the existing evidence on Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) for this condition. Methods: This is a two-arm randomized, placebo-controlled trial with blinded evaluators. The research will be conducted at the Electro-Physical Agents Laboratory of Andrés Bello University, Casona Campus, Santiago, Chile. Eligible participants will include members of the university's internal and external community who suffer from chronic, non-specific neck pain. Participants will be stratified by sex (four subgroups) and randomly assigned to one of two study groups: Group 1 (HILT and stretching exercises) or Group 2 (sham HILT and stretching exercises). Assessments will take place at three time points: before treatment (T0), immediately after treatment (T1), and 12 weeks after treatment completion (T2). Primary outcomes will include pain intensity at rest, pain intensity during active movements (flexion, extension, right and left side bending, and right and left rotation), and pain pressure threshold, calculated as the average across six evaluation points. Secondary outcomes will include neck range of motion in the sagittal, coronal, and transverse planes, as well as neck disability. Discussion: This study will compare the effects of HILT and a sham laser intervention on patients with CNNP. This ECA will provide new evidence regarding the potential benefits of HILT in terms of pain intensity, range of motion, and disability in individuals suffering from CNNP. The comparison with a control group will enable a more rigorous evaluation of HILT’s efficacy, contributing to the understanding of its clinical application and highlighting the need for evidence-based therapeutic approaches to manage this prevalent condition.
A prioridade da não geração na Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos: dimensões, perspectivas e aplicabilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-20) Bueno, Aline Chitero; Gonçalves, Juliano Costa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1803562162325019; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6836-7154; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5418452950310799; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3462-9352
Non-generation is the highest priority established in the National Solid Waste Policy (Federal Law No. 12,305/2010) for solid waste management; however, it is not defined in Brazilian legislation. This research aimed to propose a concept for non-generation and assess its applicability. Grounded in historical materialism with a dialectical approach, the study utilized a literature review, documentary research, and content analysis. Based on the analysis of the hierarchies from the Zero Waste movement and Directive 2008/98/EC, three dimensions of non-generation were proposed: production and consumption, waste, and rejects, each with representative keywords. These dimensions were applied in the evaluation of the National Solid Waste Policy, the National Solid Waste Plan, and the São Paulo State Solid Waste Plan, identifying the limits and possibilities of implementing non-generation practices. The study related the policy’s principles, objectives, instruments, and guidelines to these dimensions, revealing a broader coverage of reject non-generation, followed by waste, and a more limited scope for production and consumption. Different degrees of implementation difficulty were observed, ranging from basic to intermediate and advanced levels. As a synthesis, a concept of non-generation was proposed based on the legal foundations, with practical applicability and potential contributions to advancing solid waste management and public policies focused on sustainability. Non-generation consists of three dimensions—production and consumption, waste, and rejects—that differ from each other yet are complementary and, together, promote the maintenance of natural capital for future generations, quality of life, and environmental well-being.
Nonexistence and existence of nontrivial solutions for a degenerate Goursat type problem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-20) Peña, Carlos Alberto Reyes; Rodrigues, Rodrigo da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9606661651573155; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6811-7625; Miyagaki, Olímpio Hiroshi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2646698407526867; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5608-3760; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9820995856107289
For a degenerate Goursat-type problem under several boundary conditions and in domains associated with the Tricomi problem, we rigorously examine the existence, uniqueness, and nonexistence of solutions, with a particular focus on critical exponent phenomena within the framework of weighted Sobolev embeddings. Specifically, for the Dirichlet boundary conditions in a Tricomi domain, we establish Pohozaev-type identities and prove the nonexistence of nontrivial regular solutions, as well as, identify the critical exponent effect associated with nonlinearities. For cases involving mixed Dirichlet boundary conditions, we employ Didenko’s method to derive precise energy estimates, thereby demonstrating the existence and uniqueness of weak solutions for both linear and generalized settings. In the case of Neumann boundary conditions on a bounded domain, we ensure the compactness of the weighted Sobolev embedding under appropriate conditions, and we apply the Mountain Pass Theorem to establish the existence of weak solutions for the corresponding semilinear problem.