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Folhas de ora-pro-nobis (Pereskia aculeata Miller): uma fonte nativa de proteína vegetal pouco explorada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-03) Tavares, Laura Médici; Silva, Naaman Francisco Nogueira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8255475072902530; Neves, Isabelle Cristina Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3479449098249392
Currently, population growth and global food production have been associated with global climate change and the scarcity of fresh water, for example. In this scenario, there is a global concern regarding the sustainable supply of protein for the coming decades. Brazil is a country with rich flora, including various edible plants with high protein content, such as Pereskia aculeata Miller, also known as ora-pro-nobis (OPN). Thus, this study aimed to extract proteins from OPN leaves and analyze them for their technological characteristics. The process began with the production of flour from OPN leaves through forced circulation. Subsequently, the centesimal composition of this material was performed using official methods, obtaining the following results: the moisture content of OPN leaves (88.2% w/w), and in the flour, lipids (5.6% w/w), proteins (9.4% w/w), ash (17.1% w/w), and total carbohydrates (20.3% w/w), all expressed on a dry basis. To optimize the protein extraction from the leaves, acid-induced precipitation experiments were conducted, varying the pH of the solution (2.0, 3.0, 3.5, and 4.0) to approach the isoelectric point of the leaf proteins, aiming to improve the extraction efficiency. After conducting the tests, the pH chosen for this process was 3.5. Finally, after obtaining the protein concentrate, protein suspensions with concentrations of 1.0% w/w (T1), 2% w/w (T2), and 4% w/w (T3) were prepared, and steady rheological tests were carried out to measure viscosity, as well as oscillatory frequency and temperature scans in the linear viscoelasticity region for all treatments. The results indicated that the fluid exhibited a Newtonian behavior, regardless of the protein concentration in suspension. A maximum viscosity of 1.378 mPa·s-1 was observed for T3. The viscous (G'') and elastic (G') moduli showed slight dependence on frequency for all treatments, with G'' > G'. In none of the protein concentrations tested was the formation of thermal or acid gels observed. Therefore, it is concluded that this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the physicochemical characteristics of the leaf and the behavior of ora-pro-nobis proteins in suspension, evaluating its potential for future applications in the food industry, highlighting a native plant protein source that can be cultivated throughout Brazil.
Ensino de manejo de comportamento problema para professores de alunos com TEA: Uma replicação sistemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-03) Almeida, Isabela Hogari Pereira; Postalli, Lidia Maria Marson; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2748282330028870; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7560-697X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3354398572495379; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3520-8878
Intervening in the reduction of inappropriate behavior is of fundamental importance, as it allows an improvement in the quality of life of individuals and also of the people they live with in different contexts. The objective of the present research was to evaluate the effectiveness of a set of teaching procedures consisting of written instruction, video modeling and roleplay to teach teachers how to manage inappropriate behavior of their students with ASD. The study is a systematic replication of the research from the study by Guimarães et al. (2018), about managing inappropriate behavior with mothers. The research was conducted in a public school in the city located in the interior of the state of São Paulo. Three teachers who had students diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and two students with ASD who showed inappropriate behavior participated in the research. To evaluate the effectiveness of the set of teaching procedures, the multiple baseline design between inappropriate behaviors was used. The procedure had the following phases: Baseline, Intervention, follow-up, observation of teacher-student interaction and social validity of the research. At baseline, the teachers carried out behavior management with the confederate only with written instructions and in the intervention, they carried out the same procedure together with video modeling. The target inappropriate behaviors were: CI-a) command to obtain item; CI-b) order to refuse items present in the environment; CI-c) refusal to deliver reinforcer; CI-d) demand leakage. The results obtained showed that the intervention was effective, the participating teachers achieved 100% correct answers, performing on average between two and three intervention sessions for all inappropriate behaviors, and in classroom observations, the teachers handled more than 60% of the inappropriate behaviors. . Regarding social validity, the teachers enjoyed participating in the research and considered it useful for their performance in the classroom. It is suggested for future research to expand the stage of monitoring the implementation of strategies with students with ASD and also work with each student's inappropriate behaviors.
Inflação para as famílias de renda muito baixa, renda média e renda alta: uma análise entre 2017 e 2024
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-03) Mazine, Matheus Henrique; Carrara, Aniela Fagundes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2348376949393246; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3131-2344
Inflation is a phenomenon of great economic relevance, as it directly affects the population's purchasing power and macroeconomic stability. However, its impact is not homogeneous across different income brackets. Based on this premise, this study aims to analyze, in a descriptive and exploratory manner, the behavior of consumer inflation for very low-income, middle-income, and high-income families in Brazil, according to the segmentation proposed by the Institute of Applied Economic Research (IPEA). To achieve this objective, descriptive and exploratory statistics techniques were used, allowing the identification of patterns and trends in inflation behavior over the period from 2017 to 2024. The study considered the main components of the consumer basket of the different social classes, seeking to understand which groups of goods and services exert the greatest influence on the inflation perceived by each segment of the population. The results indicate that very low-income families face more volatile inflation when compared to middle- and high-income families. This greater variability is largely associated with the significant burden that items such as food and housing have on the budgets of poorer families. The increase in the prices of these essential goods has a more severe impact on this segment of the population, which allocates a greater proportion of its income to such expenses. In contrast, higher-income families tend to be less affected by variations in these segments and are more impacted by fluctuations in the prices of non-essential consumer goods and services. Thus, the study reinforces the importance of targeted public policies that take into account the heterogeneity of the inflationary impact among different social groups. Understanding the particularities of inflation for each income bracket is essential for improving inflation control strategies and for formulating measures that minimize the adverse effects on the most vulnerable segments of the population.
Avaliação de métodos analíticos e comparação das normas regulamentadoras brasileira e europeia dos cosméticos destinados à proteção contra raios UV
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-03) Lima, Numbia; Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0608-0278
The document addresses the evaluation of analytical methods and the comparison of Brazilian and European regulatory standards for cosmetics, particularly those intended for UV protection. The study conducts analyses of product efficacy and safety, considering the increased exposure to sunlight and its health implications. Additionally, it discusses analytical techniques, such as chromatography, used to ensure sunscreen compliance, and examines the differences between regulations RDC 600/22 and EU 1223/09, emphasizing the need for strict regulation to protect consumers.