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Análise do impacto regulatório do mercado de carbono no setor industrial e varejista: estratégias de mitigação de emissões de gases de efeito estufa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-17) Zanluqui, Fernando Leme; Rosa, Paula; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4284223404098079; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8817-911X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3441487497557240; https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5972-124X
In Brazil, there is a growing public and corporate commitment to reducing carbon emissions, with 77% of the country’s 80 major companies having already set specific emission reduction targets. Within this context, this research project aimed to deepen the analysis of the impact of carbon market regulations on the industrial and retail sectors, specifically focusing on the Energy sector of Siemens Gamesa’s subsidiary, considering actions and strategies for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions in a carbon pricing logic. The study sought to provide key indicators and best practices through a case study on progress in decarbonization, aligned with current regulations and, more broadly, to promote and expand sustainability across other sectors of the economy. To achieve this, the research involved a comprehensive literature review, exploring conceptual and practical foundations related to the carbon market, environmental policies, and climate change mitigation measures within the energy transition framework.Furthermore, strategic mitigation measures and regulatory compliance efforts were revealed through transparency mapping conducted by the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP). This analysis highlighted the Spanish-German company’s leadership in commitments and reporting on direct CO₂ emissions, the use of carbon credits linked to a Mexican project under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) initiative, and sustainable governance in accordance with international consolidated guidelines. Additionally, it aims to contribute to the Brazilian context by incorporating an expanding discussion on the carbon market, where climate change mitigation depends on public policies and corporate measures across various pillars, such as Research & Development, Transparency in Sustainability Reporting, Increased Legal Security, and Alignment with an Energy Transition Plan for market-leading companies. This approach connects Brazil’s challenges with international best practices already adopted in the sector.
Impacto das políticas de bem-estar sobre percepção de satisfação no trabalho em uma empresa do ramo jurídico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-17) Curvelo, João Pedro Pereira; Berti, Lívia Nicioli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1149523836501619; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0951-7957
This study analyzed the well-being policies implemented by human resources management as a factor in the perspective of employee well-being. The study aimed to investigate the main themes that contribute to the sense of satisfaction in the work environment. The methodology used was a case study of empirical-phenomenological research and the information was collected through documentary analysis of the climate study of questionnaires applied to all departments of the organization and interviews with HR managers, Controllers and Business Partners. The results indicated that transformational leadership practices, effective communication and recognition programs positively interfere in employee motivation. The research also demonstrated that diversity and inclusion have a positive impact on talent retention and organizational climate. The conclusion highlights the relevance of human resources management for the standardization of initiatives aimed at well-being and the training of leaders to establish a beneficial organizational culture.
Falando fora dos autos: a comunicação pública e o protagonismo do judiciário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-17) Silva Junior, Nivaldo da; Silva, Gleidylucy Oliveira da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1871892858720738; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2556-8730; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0836288134352630; https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2768-1020
This work focuses on analyzing how public communication occurred among the actors of the judiciary, particularly the STF and the TSE, during the electoral period from 2022 to January 2023, investigating how this communication contributed to judicial protagonism. The context unfolds in a setting of general elections, marked by a high degree of polarization and the use of strategies to cast doubt on the integrity of the electronic voting process. Thus, how did the STF, the TSE, and their justices communicate during the 2022 elections, especially regarding the issue of fraud in electronic voting machines? We argue that judicial protagonism is a concept encompassing phenomena such as the politicization of the judiciary, the judicialization of politics, and judicial activism. Protagonism may manifest itself in communication as one of its facets. Judicial protagonism is treated as a process that begins with the 1988 Constitution, includes the defense of citizenship rights, and reaches its peak in the punitive dimension of accountability, exemplified by Operation Car Wash. We argue that the mediatization of the judiciary leads to the celebritization of its actors. The research employed mixed methods, including content and textual analysis, focusing on publications from the G1 and R7 news portals, as well as posts by justices on social network X. The results indicate that communication during the analyzed period was personalistic, with Alexandre de Moraes emerging as a central figure representing the defense of the electronic voting process. While the STF consolidated itself as a unified court in response to authoritarian threats, the electoral courts coalesced around Moraes in electoral matters. It is concluded that communication, whether personalistic or institutional, reflects and amplifies judicial protagonism, underscoring the importance of examining the media role of judicial institutions in contexts of political polarization.
Metatese: trajetos de ressignificação de marcas (auto)biográficas de um pesquisador em formação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-17) Santos, Fabiano Pereira dos; Aygadoux, Bárbara Cristina Moreira Sicardi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9746628149674449; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5097-459X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0639736880221018; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9082-5601
This thesis, presented as a metathesis, methodologically reflects on its own process of development, engaging reflexively in the search for meaning in my doctoral journey in the field of Education. Unlike the structure of traditional academic theses, the text is not composed of an introduction and chapters but rather four horizons and anchoring points that interconnect, replacing conventional sections and forming a whole that represents the completeness of my doctoral process. Instead of a central hypothesis, I defined as my investigative focus the objective, subjective (foundational experiences), and procedural marks that constitute my formative process and underpin each anchoring point. The problem that guided the constitution of the metathesis and, reflexively, my trajectory as a researcher can be summarized in the following question: What marks have constituted my doctoral formation in the field of Education? This question implicitly entails not only an attempt to locate these marks but also to understand them. Therefore, I turned to cultural studies, drawing from Stuart Hall and Anthony Giddens in the Eastern Horizon, assuming the specific objective of demonstrating the viability of the metathesis as a formative device. The autobiographical perspective inspired by Marie-Christine Josso, in dialogue with the studies in/of/with everyday life led by Nilda Alves, and the multireferential approach advocated by Jacques Ardoino reinforced the importance of temporally and spatially situating the marks to assign them meaning throughout my formation. In this context, I embraced the writing of my life story (Western Horizon) as a specific objective aimed at providing significant support for the marks and the reflection on the historicity of the metathesis itself (Northern Horizon). This movement was essential to constitute a completeness of meaning in which the marks could be signified. The construction of the metathesis as a form of narration, in which the text incorporates characteristics of a poetic research environment, allowed me to project myself as an author through the figure of the narrator who guides an investigative journey in search of understanding how the researched character—the researcher—was formed throughout my trajectory. To develop this comprehensive process in the Southern Horizon, I articulated theoretical resources from Paul Ricoeur’s hermeneutics and Edgar Morin’s complexity theory, along with Walter Benjamin’s narrative theory and cultural studies (already mentioned), which enabled me to interpret the marks identified throughout the thesis as biographical marks, whose constant resignification is associated with the fragmented and fluid identity in postmodernity. I understood that these biographical marks, narratively mediated, became integrated into my life story dynamically, adjusting to different self-profiles in various social situations. Based on this understanding, at the conclusion of the metathesis, I proposed a simplified formative device for the resignification of biographical marks, advancing the reflections developed throughout my formative journey.
Avaliação dos procedimentos de ensino informatizado e em papel na aquisição de leitura em crianças com autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-17) Rossi, Victoria da Silva; Postalli, Lidia Maria Marson; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2748282330028870; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7560-697X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0824324951830304; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5122-378X
Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose aspects can have negative impacts on the academic success of individuals with autism, and it is common for them to have specific difficulties in arithmetic, reading and writing. The objective of the research was to evaluate the effects of teaching words on recombinative reading, using a computerized resource for teaching a set of words and paper for teaching another set of words. The research was carried out in a municipal public school in a medium-sized city located in the interior of the state of São Paulo. Four students with autism enrolled in the second year (P1) and third year (P2, P3 and P4) of elementary school participated in the research. Parents and/or guardians authorized participation in the research and the children agreed to participate. To evaluate the effects of the teaching procedure considering the use of different resources (computerized and paper), an alternating treatment design was used. The general procedure consisted of the following steps: 1) familiarization between participant and researcher; 2) application of standardized academic and behavioral repertoire assessment instruments; 3) general assessment of word reading and picture naming (pre-test); 4) teaching sets of words; 5) tests of emerging relationships 6) general assessment of word reading and picture naming (post-test); 7) application of assessment instruments. The results showed that the four participants learned the relationships between dictated words and pictures (AB) and between dictated words and written words (AC) and formed equivalent stimulus classes (relations between picture and written word BC and between written word and picture, BC). In the word reading probes, in the pre-test, participants P1, P3 and P4 presented intermediate or high percentages (from 50% to 100%) of correct answers in naming the words from the first set (“mala” suitcase, “cama” bed and “boca” mouth), and low or intermediate (from 0% to 66.7%) in the second set of words (“mago” mage, “bolo” cake and “lago” lake). Participant P2 correctly named 83.3% of the words in the two pre-test attempts of the second set. In relation to the low performances obtained in reading the words from the second set, it can be inferred about the type of stimulus used, the spelling of the words, which had the letter “g”, as well as the attribution of meaning of these words, which have not yet had emerged to the participants. After teaching, it was verified that, in the naming probes of words from the first set, all participants presented intermediate or high percentages (from 66.7% to 100%). In the second set, participants P1, P2 and P4 showed intermediate or high performance (from 66.7% to 100%) in reading the words, while participant P3 named 16.7% of the words correctly. There were no differences in performance between the two forms of teaching presentation. Based on the data obtained, it is suggested that studies be developed that use procedures that favor recombinative reading.
Recursos de tecnologia digital na alfabetização de estudantes com transtorno do espectro do autismo: uma revisão sistemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-17) Memari, Heloise; Pedro, Ketilin Mayra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0991868156805558
The use of digital technology resources in the educational context can be considered an effective and satisfactory practice, given that some schools face challenges in promoting the literacy of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) through the application of traditional teaching methods. Therefore, technologies can become mediating tools in the learning process. The objective of this study was to analyze, through a literature review, the scientific production regarding the use of digital technology resources in the literacy of students with ASD. To this end, a search was conducted in three databases: the CAPES Portal of Journals (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel), the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD). The first stage involved a bibliographic survey of articles, theses, and dissertations in the selected databases. The survey was carried out using the following search strategies: Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo and Tecnologia Digital and alfabetização, Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo and Tecnologia Assistiva and alfabetização, Autismo and Tecnologia Assistiva and alfabetização, and Autismo and Tecnologia Digital and alfabetização. The inclusion criteria required that the studies be articles, theses, or dissertations written in Portuguese, with no time frame restriction, and aligned with the topic. The variables selected for analysis were: objectives, methods, results, and conclusions, resulting in the selection of nine studies. The results obtained through the searches confirmed that digital technology resources can support the literacy process of students with ASD, considering that applications and software can assist in the development of various skills that are predictive of literacy, as well as in communication. The findings highlight the importance of further scientific research on this topic to support the work of teachers, educators, and families in the literacy of students with ASD through the use of technology, given the benefits presented.
Avaliação de diferentes processos de extração de α e β ácidos do lúpulo aplicáveis em alimentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-17) Moraes, Juliana Federsom de; Viganó, Juliane; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6020226876173532; Silva, Thaís Jordânia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4582114700719319; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5818-2802
Natural antimicrobials are necessary as substitutes for synthetic ones due to consumer market demands for clean-label foods. Over time, dietary consumption patterns have adjusted, with consumers seeking foods that contain natural or organic ingredients or those with reduced amounts of components perceived as harmful to health. The aim of this study was to develop an extraction method to obtain α-acids and β-acids from hops, aiming at antimicrobial applications in food. Hops were subjected to two extraction methods—agitation and ultrasound assisted extraction—using three different types of plant-based oils (sunflower oil, soybean oil, and olive oil). In addition to the type of solvent, the extraction parameters evaluated included temperature (20–60 °C) and the ratio of solvent mass to sample mass (1/10–30 g/mL). The raw material was characterized in terms of moisture content and composition of α-acids and β-acids. The extraction performance was evaluated based on yield and recovery of α-acids and β-acids using spectrophotometric techniques. The best extraction performance was achieved through agitation using soybean oil at room temperature (20 °C) and a solute-to-solvent ratio of 1/20 (g/mL). For ultrasound-assisted extraction, a power of 280 W and an extraction time of 6 minutes were determined to be the conditions yielding the highest extraction efficiency and recovery. The extracts obtained under optimal conditions were further characterized in terms of rheological properties and acidity. Therefore, this study evaluated multiple variables in both agitation and ultrasound-assisted extraction methods, enabling the selection of ideal parameters for the future application of the extracted antimicrobials in food products.
Misturas de regressões t de Student assimétricas com número de componentes desconhecido: uma aplicação do Telescoping Sampler
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-17) Silva, Marcus Gabriel da Silva e; Zuanetti, Daiane Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8352484284929824; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1591-959X; Milan, Luis Aparecido; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7435391829973844; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6466-7865; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2759043778865023
Mixture models are suitable in situations where there is unobservable heterogeneity in the population. Commonly, the number of components present in the mixture is not known, one way to determine it is by using model selection criteria. In a Bayesian context, the estimation of the parameters of each component alongside the number of components is possible, several algorithms have been proposed for this end. The elescoping Sampler (TS) is a new alternative for the simultaneous estimation of the number of components and parameters in a Bayesian context. In regression analysis, the assumption of normality of observation errors is usually made. We extend this assumption by considering errors distributed according to a mixture of Skew-t distributions, thus comprising data with latent subgroups, skewness and the presence of outliers. In what follows, we present the TS and the mixture of Skew-t regressions, we investigate the parameter estimation of the regression mixture model using simulated data and fit the proposed model to a dataset comprising of baseball player salaries and measures of their in-game performance. The TS algorithm was able to recover the number of components and parameters fixed for the simulation and we see that the estimates of the regression coefficients in the regression mixture model are consistent.
Revisão da literatura sobre alocação de recursos e vulnerabilidade em comunidades carentes: necessidades e riscos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-17) Dorado, Luis Araujo; Mergulhão, Ricardo Coser; Vieira, José Vidal; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7701644218436964; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2068340476477363; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0598720328915137; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4652-9244; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5913-2652; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3797-295X
A alocação de recursos e a avaliação da vulnerabilidade em comunidades carentes são temas críticos na formulação de políticas públicas e programas de desenvolvimento social. este artigo realiza uma revisão da literatura existente sobre esses tópicos, com um enfoque específico nas necessidades e riscos que as comunidades apresentam. para realizar esta revisão, foram utilizadas diversas ferramentas e softwares especializados que facilitam a gestão e análise de grandes volumes de dados bibliográficos: i) rayyan, para a seleção e triagem de artigos; ii) vosviewer, empregado para a análise de co-ocorrência e visualização de redes bibliométricas; iii) iramuteq, aplicado para a análise textual e categorização dos conteúdos dos artigos selecionados; iv) e análises descritivas, para quantificar e caracterizar a distribuição da literatura. os resultados desta revisão proporcionam uma visão integral do estado atual da pesquisa na alocação de recursos e avaliação da vulnerabilidade em comunidades carentes, destacando tanto os problemas recorrentes que requerem maior atenção e desenvolvimento no futuro.
Desenvolvimento de uma tinta condutora a base d’água a partir de amido e materiais de carbono para confecção de eletrodos impressos descartáveis para sensoriamento e biossensoriamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-17) Freitas, Rafaela Cristina de; Janegitz, Bruno Campos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7746094938977989; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1142587683202928; Brazaca, Laís Canniatti; Faez, Roselena; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1371611060573377; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0654750186618555
Screen-printed electrochemical sensors have attracted interest in recent years due to advantages such as reduced cost, ease of use and production, reduced sample volume for analysis and the possibility of miniaturization, and can be practical and produced on a large scale. For this, the use of conductive inks is essential in the manufacturing process of these devices, since the development of a new water-based ink emerges as a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative, due to the non-use of organic solvents. In this line, the search for new sustainable materials is growing, due to the concern with the increasing disposal of waste. Thus, biopolymers have been highlighted in use in several areas of the industry due to their film-forming capabilities, low toxicity, biodegradability and relatively low cost, where we can highlight amide present in tapioca as a binder to be used in the use of inks. Therefore, in this dissertation, a new formulation of water-based conductive ink was developed, using tapioca, graphite 35% (w/w) and carbon black 10% (w/w), which includes into the concept of the green index metric. From this ink, it was possible to apply to the manufacture of disposable screen-printed electrodes through screen printing, with the devices being used in the determination of uric acid by the differential pulse voltammetry technique, in a linear range of 5.0 to 100 mol L−1 and a limit of detection (LOD) = 0.34 mol L−1. Using the same screen-printed electrode, an electrochemical biosensor was developed with the addition of green coconut fiber to the conductive ink formulation, due to the presence of peroxidase enzyme. Thus, with the biosensor, an analytical curve for hydrogen peroxide was obtained with linear range of 2.3 to 11.4 mmol L−1 with a LOD = 0.61 mmol L1, using the cyclic voltammetry technique. Therefore, in this dissertation it was possible to develop a new and more sustainable water-based conductive ink, as well as its application in the manufacture of screen-printed electrodes, for sensing and biosensing, through the modification of the ink with coconut fiber.
Governança da sustentabilidade em contratações públicas: um estudo do arcabouço teórico institucional nas universidades federais brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-17) Tada, Telma de Oliveira; Faria, Luiz Carlos de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2656343277991754; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1157-3528; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3790015191130358; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9668-2699
The adoption of management practices aimed at reducing environmental impact is essential for promoting sustainable development, and public institutions play a central role in this process due to their ability to influence environmental policies and practices. The general objective of this study is to propose an institutional theoretical framework to enhance sustainable public procurement in Brazil by analyzing organizational factors that influence sustainability management and governance challenges in this context. This qualitative and descriptive research is structured into four chapters and employs bibliometric analysis, document analysis of procurement notices, and a systematic literature review following PRISMA guidelines. The first chapter contextualizes sustainability in public administration. The second chapter's findings indicate a growth in research on sustainable governance in public administration over the past five years, highlighting it as a global concern. In the third chapter, the analysis of 76 procurement notices from two universities revealed low adherence to sustainable criteria. None of UFSCar's notices fully met the analyzed environmental criteria, and only 20% of UFABC's notices complied with all sustainable requirements. Although procurement processes are considered tools for promoting sustainability in Brazil, their practical application remains limited. The fourth chapter's findings demonstrated that sustainable public procurement is influenced by organizational, legislative, political, and instrumental factors, as well as the training of public agents and the need to integrate sustainability indicators and management models. The lack of coordination between sustainability and institutional planning compromises the effectiveness of these practices. Therefore, an institutional theoretical framework was proposed, incorporating normative and management components, with a holistic approach integrating strategic, tactical, and operational levels of institutional planning.
Desenvolvimento de metodologia analítica baseada em ft-nir e quimiometria para caracterização e monitoramento de monômeros acrílicos na indústria de resinas e espessantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-17) Bonfim, Thiago Victor da Silva; Freire, Fábio Bentes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8937961078558996; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9258-360X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7903106393704215
The resin and thickener industries are essential for sectors such as paints, coatings, adhesives, and cosmetics, requiring formulations that ensure properties like viscosity and resistance. In this context, acrylic monomers, such as ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, are fundamental raw materials, directly affecting the final quality of resins and thickeners. The quality of these inputs, including purity, optimal inhibitor range, and contaminant control, directly impacts the performance of final products. This study proposes the development of an analytical methodology based on Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR), combined with chemometric tools, for process control and monitoring in the industrial use of acrylate monomers. Initially, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify and classify monomers, applying Mahalanobis distance as the classification criterion. For the construction of a model to determine the purity and concentration of the inhibitor hydroquinone monomethyl ether (MEHQ), partial least squares (PLS) regression was applied, evaluating the best combinations of spectral preprocessing techniques and latent variables. Normal spectra, first derivative, and second derivative spectra, adjusted by the Savitzky-Golay method, were investigated to optimize values for the coefficient of determination (R²), root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC), and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP). The optimized PLS models demonstrated high performance, with coefficients of determination (R²) exceeding 0.9 and RMSEC and RMSEP errors close to 9%. PCA analysis explained 96,7% of the total variance using only three principal components, highlighting the model’s efficiency.
Estudo de curvas de penalidade para controle de processos aplicado à cogeração de uma planta sucroalcooleira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-17) Torres, Matheus Henrique Cândido; Furlan, Felipe Fernando; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4136352953168873
In cogeneration systems of sugarcane processing plants, steam is generated in boilers from the combustion heat of sugarcane bagasse to meet variable demands of mechanical drives and heating in process equipment, while simultaneously producing electric power through steam expansion in turbo generators. The cogeneration system is subject to various disturbances caused by fluctuations in utility demands or in the high-pressure steam supply from the boiler. Under such circumstances, critical demands for factory operation must be prioritized with maximum energy efficiency. In many cases, a supervisory system is already in place to suggest adjustments to the flow rates of various steam lines in order to maintain process steam supply, commonly through PID controllers, a single-input and single-output system used to control a multivariable process. In this context, a periodic tuning method for controllers was proposed, comparing proportional and proportional-integral controllers in a cogeneration system, with the objective of improving stability in the steam lines and maximizing energy efficiency. Two optimization algorithms were tested for tuning the proportional and integral gains, BFGS and SLSQP, applied to an objective function that evaluates the sum of the deviation from the set point in steam line pressures and the surplus power generation. The best performance was achieved with the SLSQP method, which imposed constraints on the maximum and minimum values of the proportional and integral gains, considering a 40-second optimization horizon. Two penalty functions for exported energy, quadratic and linear, were tested, with the quadratic function resulting in greater electric energy export but with a higher deviation from the pressure set points. Overall, the control system demonstrated robustness in correcting disturbances and optimizing electric power generation.
Quantos morfotipos de labaris dos gêneros Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854, Deuterodon Eigenmann 1907 e Psalidodon Eigenmann 1911 existem na bacia do Rio Ribeira de Iguape (SP e PR, Brasil)?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-17) Hackmann, Giovana Soares; Mattox, George Mendes Taliaferro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4453900943293186; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4748-472X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3464843667084588
The Ribeira de Iguape River Basin has high endemism, with 104 fish species, including ‘lambaris’ from the genus Astyanax, recently split into five genera, of which only Astyanax Baird & Girard (1854), Deuterodon Eigenmann (1907), and Psalidodon Eigenmann (1911) occur in this drainage. Recent collections have revealed the existence of many morphotypes that may represent new species of these genera within the basin. Unfortunately, increasing extinction rates heighten the risk of these unknown species disappearing before they can be studied. In this context, the project aimed to identify and thoroughly describe the morphotypes of the genera Astyanax, Deuterodon, and Psalidodon (formerly Astyanax) using morphological characters. A total of 197 specimens from four collections were examined, and the initial characterization of morphotypes involved separation based on coloration patterns and body shape, followed by the measurement of 17 morphometric and 9 meristic characters. In total, 19 morphotypes were identified and characterized, some already described in the literature and others representing potential new species. The morphological variations observed in the specimens are suggested to be adaptive responses to the environmental characteristics of the region, especially the hydrological conditions. This analysis contributes to a better understanding of the existing diversity in the Ribeira de Iguape River Basin and supports future descriptions of new species. This information is crucial for implementing conservation measures in the region, as it is only possible to conserve what is known.
Análise comparativa dos impactos ambientais na indústria de barrilha: eletrólise versus processo Solvay
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-17) Marchezepe, Pedro Issao; Bernardo, André; https://lattes.cnpq.br/570540282487770; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9345-3361
The Solvay process is the main industrial route for the production of sodium carbonate, based on the absorption of carbon dioxide by an ammoniacal solution of sodium chloride. This study provides an environmental analysis of the electrolysis process as an alternative to the Solvay process in the manufacturing of chemical compounds related to the soda ash industry. The main product of the Solvay process, sodium carbonate, serves as the foundation for essential products in various industrial sectors, such as detergent manufacturing, ceramics, paper production, the textile industry, metallurgy, soaps, petrochemicals, and water or wastewater treatment plants. However, the environmental impact of the process and its alternatives varies significantly. This study aims to compare them in terms of carbon emissions, energy efficiency, and by-product management. Despite its historical importance and widespread use, the Solvay process has been criticized for its environmental impact, and in the near future, it may need to be replaced by cleaner technologies. Meanwhile, the electrolysis process faces challenges due to the demand imbalance between caustic soda and chlorine, as both are produced simultaneously. The demand for NaOH is higher in many regions compared to Cl₂, leading to the need to find alternative applications or storage solutions for the excess chlorine produced. Through a review of articles, academic texts, and technical reports, data on carbon emissions, energy consumption, and by-products of each process were gathered. The Solvay process proved to be more energy-efficient, with consumption ranging between 2694 and 3778 kWh/ton. In contrast, electrolysis emits lower amounts of carbon, between 0.13 and 0.19 tons of CO₂ per ton, and generates fewer by-products. As a result, this study leans toward identifying electrolysis as a more sustainable alternative.
Implementação de um pipeline para parcelamento cerebral em imagens de ressonância magnética utilizando o framework MONAI
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-17) Klesse, Pedro Malandrin; Ferrari, Ricardo José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8460861175344306; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1197-2553; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1677242317575212; https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3206-8085
In this project, a brain parcellation solution was implemented using the MONAI framework. The developed approach covers all stages of the pipeline, from preprocessing medical images to training, validating, and testing two distinct neural network architectures. The goal is to segment and label different brain regions from T1-weighted magnetic resonance images. To ensure image standardization before training, several preprocessing techniques were applied, including bias correction, intensity normalization, reorientation to the RAS system, and centering of brain structures. These steps ensure that the input data is in a consistent format, improving model generalization. The selected network for segmentation was HighResNet, chosen based on a study that demonstrated its effectiveness for brain parcellation tasks. The training was performed using a set of 1,200 labeled images, while validation and testing were conducted with 200 and 200 images, respectively, comparing this architecture with U-Net, one of the most widely used networks for 2D and 3D image segmentation. The network's performance was evaluated using the Dice coefficient, which measures the overlap between predicted segmentations and ground-truth labels. After training, the model weights were saved, and to facilitate the use of the solution, a FastAPI application integrated with Uvicorn was developed. This application enables model deployment, allowing both networks to be used as a service. The API supports image submission via POST requests and returns the volumetric image properly parcellated as a response. This approach ensures that the models can be accessed and utilized in a practical and efficient manner.
Resistências, desafios e avanços na implementação da Educação das Relações Étnico-Raciais na rede municipal de Sorocaba (SP): uma análise a partir dos dispositivos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-17) Carvalho, Érika Fernanda Monteiro de; Monteiro, Rosana Batista; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2567706339313166; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1672-8912; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4161165862141945
This study analyzes how the city of Sorocaba/SP has implemented education on ethnic-racial relations and the teaching of Afro-Brazilian and African history and culture, in accordance with Articles 26-A and 79-B of the Brazilian Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education (LDB) 9.394/96 and the National Curricular Guidelines for the Education of Ethnic-Racial Relations (DCNERER), focusing on early years elementary education. The research examines documents and initiatives under municipal responsibility based on the provisions of Federal Law 10.639/03, including the municipal education plan, local legislation, school curriculum guidelines, pedagogical planning directives, and municipal forums dedicated to ethnic-racial education, all within the scope of Sorocaba’s Municipal Department of Education. The analysis reveals institutional challenges, such as the persistent absence of comprehensive educational policies over the years. Although some initiatives have been implemented, they are largely the result of tensions and pressures exerted by the local Black movement, underscoring the difficulties in enforcing the DCNERER. The study concludes by emphasizing the urgent need for consistent public educational policies, institutional support, teacher training, and appropriate teaching materials to effectively address racism in the municipality.
Nanopartículas para liberação controlada de substâncias indutoras da fertilidade de peixes reofílicos.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-17) Arioli, Guilherme Augusto; Camargo, Emerson Rodrigues de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7720754304065239; Branco; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5897165018643250
Fish are the taxonomic group that has shown the greatest increase in the number of species threatened with extinction. To prevent extinction, ex situ reproduction is an alternative to increase the number of individuals of these species, allowing their reintroduction into nature. However, migratory fish, such as rheophilic species, do not reproduce in captivity due to the lack of environmental stimuli necessary for sexual maturation. To replicate the effects of migration, hormonal stimuli can be used through dopamine antagonist drugs, which act by blocking dopamine inhibition, promoting the production of GnRH, a hormone that leads to sexual maturation. The focus of this study was to investigate the feasibility of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) as controlled-release systems for dopamine antagonists. The nanoparticles were synthesized using the modified Stöber method, with different concentrations of water and surfactant, resulting in non-crystalline nanospheres of varying sizes (230, 420, and 720 nm) and different specific surface areas (ranging from 955 to 1585 m²/g). Various adsorption parameters were evaluated using dyes, achieving maximum adsorption in a solution of rhodamine B (40 mg/L) at pH 5, 20°C, and with 20 mg of adsorbent. Under these conditions, a maximum adsorption capacity of 42.64 mg/g was achieved with the 420 nm MSNs, which also had the highest specific surface area, indicating that porosity significantly affects the material's adsorptive potential. The tests showed that pH is the variable that most strongly influences adsorption, and its ideal value can be estimated through the Zeta potential of the adsorbent and adsorbate solutions. The adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model, indicating that the process is governed by valence interactions between the adsorbent and the adsorbate, with efficiency maximized by large Zeta potential differences. The release kinetics were best fitted to the Korsmeyer-Peppas model, indicating that the predominant release mechanism occurs through diffusion, following Fick's laws. A rapid initial release was observed in the first hours, followed by a reduced and prolonged rate that extended up to seven days. The initial release rate was influenced by the size of the nanoparticles, being faster when larger nanoparticles were used. The studied particles demonstrated significant potential as controlled-release mechanisms due to their high and rapid adsorption combined with a slow and sustained release of the adsorbate.
Atos de concentração no setor de telecomunicações no Brasil: uma análise entre 2012 e 2023
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-17) Tamanini, Gabriel Felipe; Carrara, Aniela Fagundes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2348376949393246; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3131-2344
This study aimed to analyze the acts of concentration that occurred in the Brazilian telecommunications sector between 2012 and 2023. In order to verify whether the acts were able to influence, to some extent, the configuration of the structure of such sector. Based on the literature review on acts of concentration and on the telecommunications sector, as well as with the exploratory analysis of the nineteen acts of concentration that occurred in the period of analysis, it was possible to identify that although the acts analyzed do not substantially change the oligopolistic characteristic of the sector, they provide a segmentation of branches of activity within the market, and the deverticalization of operations.
Desenvolvimento de nanopartículas de PLGA encapsuladas com paclitaxel e funcionalizadas com bevacizumabe para terapia do carcinoma pulmonar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-17) Martins, Beatriz Marchini Bindão; Pranchevicius, Maria Cristina da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4772148921558977; Rodero, Camila Fernanda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6440605753770482; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0941726709839502
Lung cancer is a highly prevalent and deadly malignant disease, ranking as the second most common type worldwide, according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of all diagnosed cases. Despite significant advancements in treatment over recent years, nanomedicine has emerged as a promising tool for exploring new therapeutic possibilities, offering alternatives to overcome the limitations of conventional treatments. This study aimed to develop and characterize a drug delivery system using PLGA nanoparticles functionalized with bevacizumab, a recombinant monoclonal antibody, to encapsulate and deliver paclitaxel. Paclitaxel is a chemotherapy drug widely regarded as one of the most significant breakthroughs in lung cancer treatment over the past two decades. Two synthesis methods—chemical and electrostatic—were tested to evaluate the efficiency of paclitaxel encapsulation and bevacizumab binding. The developed formulations were analyzed using physicochemical characterization techniques to compare the two synthesis methods and assess variations in drug and antibody concentrations. Results showed that nanoparticles synthesized using the chemical conjugation strategy, with a lower amount of antibody demonstrated greater stability. These nanoparticles had an average size of 261.35 nm, a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.41, a zeta potential of -13.94 mV, a concentration of 1.07 × 10¹² particles/mL, and exceptionally high encapsulation and binding efficiencies—99.97% for paclitaxel and 99.94% for bevacizumab. Overall, this study highlights the potential of different nanoparticle formulation techniques to enhance precision in lung cancer treatment, offering a promising approach for future therapeutic applications.