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Detecção de propagadores influentes por aprendizado de máquina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-09)
Bugada, Vitória de Camargo
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Peron, Thomas Kauê Dal'Maso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1087642697727776
;
Branco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0964383127189148
The study of complex networks is essential to understanding interconnected systems in areas such as biology, sociology and technology. These networks, made up of nodes and edges, reveal important emerging patterns. Network analysis allows you to optimize interventions and improve systems resilience. The identification of influential propagators in a network, such as those responsible for the spread of diseases or information, is fundamental and depends on the dynamics of the phenomenon. Different approaches such as k-shell analysis and optimization models help predict these propagators. This study seeks to analyze the relationship between centrality measures and the propagation capacity in social and spatial networks, proposing prediction models to identify the main influencers and optimize dissemination control.
Os estigmas sobre o rural nas políticas público-territoriais: o caso das demarcações rural-urbanas nos planos diretores de São Carlos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-09)
Roldão, Afonso Henrique
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Martins, Rodrigo Constante
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6617183095074852
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2700-3319
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9247114826135364
Considering the institutional nature of territorial management, which sometimes ignores qualitative aspects of the landscape, this paper analyzes the treatment given to rural areas and ruralities in the panorama of territorial management in the municipality of São Carlos. Firstly, in a contextualizing way, looking for historical clippings and aspects of legal evolution at the municipal level. In addition, the scope of the research characterized São Carlos' territorial management through the two versions of its Master Plan, a public policy established by the City Statute (Law No. 10.257/2001). This public-territorial policy, which was first implemented in the municipality in 2005 (Law No. 13.691/2005), had its original version replaced by a new plan in 2016 (Law No. 18.053/2016), and both versions have undergone significant changes over the years. In this sense, the applied research sought to analyze the view of rural areas in the municipality through this group of laws, which often aimed to change zoning, transforming rural areas into new urban areas, considering the existence of a continuum and promoting socio-environmental impacts. Therefore, the main focus of the research was the search for a descriptive synthesis of how rural areas were seen and portrayed by public authorities. To this end, in addition to an in-depth literature review, an analytical category was applied to the legislation analyzed, based on studies carried out by multilateral institutions, such as the OECD, and works by authors such as Milton Santos and José Eli da Veiga, among others, based on the methodology for analyzing situations left by Milton Santos in his 1988 production. In this way, by going through the definitions of space, territory and rural areas, the established political structure and the application of the laws, a synthesis guided by a critical sense was built, and not just a review of the legislation.
Índice de severidade e SIG combinados para identificar e caracterizar a sinistralidade de trânsito em município de pequeno porte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-10)
Bellintane Júnior, Cláudio
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Guerreiro, Thais de Cassia Martinelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2650555786682535
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5192349156513503
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https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1218-4302
The disorderly growth of cities has caused many urban problems, including unplanned urban mobility focused on motor vehicles, resulting in numerous traffic accidents, loss of life, and significant social and economic losses. This growth has also affected small cities, such as the city of Novo Horizonte/SP, the object of this research. The city has approximately 39 thousand inhabitants and a fleet of more than 32 thousand vehicles. In addition, the urban mobility problems are the same as in large cities, although to a lesser extent, but causing similar effects. Given the above, this research combines the severity index, through the calculation of the UPS, with GIS to identify the critical points of accidents in the city of Novo Horizonte. The methodology applied consisted of collecting accident data from the period between 2018 and 2023 from police reports prepared by the Military Police of the State of São Paulo. Based on the processing and systematization of the data, the severity index was calculated to define the critical points, according to the severity of each traffic accident. The data was then georeferenced in a GIS, from which it was possible to create Kernel Density Maps that showed the areas with the highest concentration of severity. The research identified the roads and critical points with the highest severity, in addition to analyzing the times and days of the week related to the accidents. Detailed data on victims revealed that the most vulnerable groups (motorcyclists, pedestrians, and cyclists) require priority in actions and interventions since they represented 70.83% of the total deaths recorded in the period from 2018 to 2023.
Diagnóstico de estilos de aprendizagem em biologia e implementação de atividades correlatas: quais são suas implicações na aprendizagem?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-11)
Gaspar, Priscila Borges Dalbem
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Zanon, Dulcimeire Aparecida Volante
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1811225448261362
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3728-6175
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5274001561703346
Teaching is a complex challenge, especially in classrooms composed of students with different learning profiles. To address this reality, several models have been developed to identify students’ learning styles and, consequently, assist teachers in their work. These models have been applied at different educational levels as diagnostic tools to help map students’ needs and preferences, thereby contributing to more effective pedagogical decisions. In this context, the present study aimed to analyze the learning styles in Biology of first-year high school students in a vocational education school located in the interior of São Paulo state. Additionally, it sought to implement teaching activities related to these learning styles to identify their implications for student learning. To achieve this, we used the New Index of Learning Styles (N-ILS) questionnaire, adapted by Vieira Júnior (2012). Due to the specific focus on Biology, linguistic and metalinguistic adjustments were made to the instrument’s questions. A total of 35 students participated in the study, and the results indicated a predominance of active, sensing, visual, and sequential learning profiles. These profiles suggest a preference for participatory, experimental, and logically organized approaches. Based on this data, considering the study’s objective and the first-year high school curriculum, we adopted the Science, Technology, and Society (STS) perspective as our theoretical-methodological framework. This approach is particularly relevant for fostering interest in Science and promoting problem-solving in decision-making processes. From the STS perspective, a set of teaching activities was designed and implemented throughout the second bimester of 2024. To assess the implications of these activities on student learning while correlating them with the identified learning styles, we applied Discursive Textual Analysis (DTA). This qualitative approach enabled a deeper understanding of the investigated phenomena, facilitating the reconstruction and expansion of knowledge on the covered topics. Overall, the results indicated that most students perceived the adaptation of activities as positive, validating the effectiveness of the implemented practices. However, the findings also highlight the importance of diversifying tools and pedagogical strategies to address an even broader spectrum of learning profiles.
Elaboração, aplicação e análise de aulas em perspectiva dialógica de ensino-aprendizagem sobre Sistemática Vegetal para o ensino fundamental I
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-11)
Oliveira, Matheus Fernando Custódio de
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Calzolari Neto, Anselmo João
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4906309581958797
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6703-9079
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Sebastiani, Renata
Botany is a science that encompasses all aspects related to plants, and is important and forms part of the major area of Biology. Plant Systematics is the main constituent axis of Evolutionary Biology. However, regarding the teaching and learning aspects of this axis in Basic Education schools, several authors have raised questions and problems, identifying it as ineffective, repetitive and memorizing. Despite this, there are few studies that contribute to overcoming the barriers already known. Thus, this research presents the development, application and analysis of classes in a dialogical perspective of teaching and learning about Plant Systematics for Elementary Education. For this, the classes were based on Freire's Thematic Approach, being divided into three Pedagogical Moments: problematization, organization of knowledge and application of knowledge. Successful Educational Actions were incorporated to compose the stages. The research was conducted in a municipal school in the city of Limeira/SP, in a 5th grade Science class. Based on the Communicative Methodology, the data were collected, analyzed and agreed upon through the Communicative Observation Diary and the Communicative Focus Group. Furthermore, the knowledge present in the students' records during the activities was quantified based on the presence of key words in the answers, accounted for by the correction/verification of learning impressions and analyzed according to the typology of knowledge proposed by Eric Gutstein, evidencing an approval rate of 72.7%, that is, above the institutional school average (5). As a result of this analytical process, the results of learning impressions were compared with the exclusionary and transformative elements identified in the diary and in the focus group, verifying the contributions in relation to Dialogical Learning, as a theoretical methodological framework, and in relation to the presence of Classical, Community and Critical knowledge on Plant Systematics, as well as that brought by the students from reading the world. Furthermore, the interference of variables was considered, such as teaching experience and experience with Successful Educational Actions, as an analytical process of the practice of the ambiguous role of teacher and researcher.
Obtenção de hidrogéis à base de amido e nanocelulose para potencial aplicação na agricultura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-11)
Hernandez, Cécile Chaves
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Pereira, Robson Valentim
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1675940843759718
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-8752
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Menezes, Aparecido Junior de
Hydrogels, due to their porous three-dimensional structure, have the ability to swell, absorbing fluids, a very important property when they are intended to be used in the field of agriculture as a superabsorbent polymer, helping to control soil moisture; as a soil conditioner, performing a controlled delivery of fertilizers and other agrochemicals or even for the removal of metal ions that accumulate in the soil due to its natural non-degradation. The present study proposes the preparation of a hydrogel obtained through a matrix of starch (cassava and arrowroot)/xanthan gum and starch (cassava and arrowroot)/xanthan gum with cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) ionically, covalently and double crosslinked, forming a nanocomposite, to obtain better mechanical and physicochemical properties. The characterization techniques used in this study were: Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), determination of Viscosity Average Molar Mass (Mv), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and swelling analysis. It was observed that the different morphologies and amylose/amylopectin contents of the starches influence their viscosities, which directly interferes in the analyzed properties and that the presence of xanthan gum, and the crosslinks contribute to the formation of a dense and compact structure in the hydrogels. Double crosslinking produces an appearance of inflexibility and rigidity in the hydrogel. The density of the network formed after crosslinking and the presence of CNFs interfered in the thermal and swelling properties, causing a decrease in thermal stability and mass loss, with the main peak of mass loss between 153 °C and 167 °C, while for starch it occurs above 300 °C. After these analyses, it can be concluded that the presence of NFC in the hydrogels reduced the swelling power, since the interactions between NFC and starch reduce the mobility of the network. Good results were obtained for the different starch hydrogels and that covalent crosslinking confers greater swelling power to the material, with swelling power above 1000%. The results obtained for the covalently crosslinked samples being superior to those obtained by ionic crosslinking and doubly crosslinked.
Controle postural e Doença de Alzheimer: efeitos de diferentes condições de dupla tarefa e de um programa de exercícios físicos domiciliares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-11)
Costa, Danielle Chagas Pereira da Silva
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Andrade, Larissa Pires de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7334391500340646
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7514078831994178
This doctoral thesis comprises two studies focusing on the assessment and intervention of postural control, dual-task performance, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Study I: The first study aimed to investigate the effects of different dual-task conditions on postural control during the sit-to-stand transition in older adults with mild to moderate AD. This cross-sectional study included 24 older adults diagnosed with AD (8 men and 16 women, mean age 77.9±6.3 years). Participants were assessed under four conditions using a force platform: (i) single-task, (ii) bimanual motor dual-task, (iii) unimanual motor dual-task (dominant and non-dominant), and (iv) cognitive dual-task, across the three phases of the sit-to-stand movement. Postural control variables—Center of Pressure (CoP) Area, Anteroposterior and Mediolateral Amplitude, and Velocity—were analyzed. Cognitive functions were assessed using the Frontal Assessment Battery and the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination. Functional physical performance was evaluated using the Five-Times Sit-to-Stand Test. A force platform (BERTEC 400, EMG System do Brasil®) was used to analyze postural control. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Our hypothesis was partially confirmed: a significant difference was observed in Anteroposterior Amplitude during phase 2 of the sit-to-stand transition, specifically between the single-task condition and the dominant unimanual motor dual-task condition. This finding suggests that asymmetric upper limb use has a more pronounced impact on postural control. These results highlight the need to incorporate asymmetric motor tasks in rehabilitation, as they pose greater challenges to postural control in older adults with AD, regardless of disease stage, and may enhance therapeutic strategies for this population. Study II: The second study evaluated the effects of a home-based physical exercise program (AD-HOMEX) on postural control in older adults with AD during the sit-to-stand task under dual-task conditions. This was a randomized controlled clinical trial with 25 participants, randomly allocated to the Intervention Group (IG) (n=13, mean age 79.5±0.4 years) and the Control Group (CG) (n=12, mean age 76±0.5 years). The AD-HOMEX program included multimodal exercises (stretching, strength, balance, and dual-task training) performed three times per week over 16 weeks. Postural control was assessed before (M1) and after the intervention (M2) using the BERTEC 400 force platform. The assessed conditions were the same as in Study I, with CoP Area as the primary variable of interest. The sit-to-stand movement was subdivided into three phases. Group (IG vs. CG) and time (M1 vs. M2) interactions were tested using mixed linear models with interactions (MANOVA). Despite high adherence to the program (81.25%) and session attendance (92.3%), no significant differences in postural control were observed between groups or time points under any dual-task condition. Although AD-HOMEX was a structured multimodal exercise program incorporating dual-task stimuli, it was not sufficient to improve postural control during the sit-to-stand task under various dual-task complexities. These findings suggest that home-based interventions should include more specific functional training for the sit-to-stand task under dual-task conditions to optimize postural control in challenging situations. Furthermore, both studies employed refined methodologies to assess postural control in dynamic and ecologically valid contexts, advancing the understanding of postural control mechanisms in AD. The findings provide valuable insights for improving rehabilitation strategies and fall prevention, reinforcing the need for more targeted approaches for this population.
Lazer e educação popular: perspectivas de participantes-egressos/as de um projeto social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-11)
Santos, Matheus Oliveira
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Gonçalves Junior, Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1324174147128430
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1585-0596
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0301401505546806
The university extension project Experiences in Diversified Leisure Activities (VADL), linked to the Department of Physical Education and Human Motricity at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), aims to provide education by and for leisure to children and teenagers between 7 and 17 years of age from vulnerable communities in São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil. Guided by the principles of Popular Education, VADL develops activities that value ethnic-racial, gender, intergenerational, and environmental relations. Its theoretical-methodological framework articulates Dialogical Pedagogy, the Science of Human Motricity, Existential Phenomenology, and the Ecology of Knowledges. This doctoral thesis aimed to identify, describe, and understand the educational processes inherent to the social practice of leisure that emerge from the memories of former participants of the project. The research adopted a qualitative approach, grounded in phenomenology (situated-phenomenon modality), and involved semi-structured interviews with 24 former project participants. After transcription and careful readings of the interviews, phenomenological reduction and nomothetic analysis procedures were applied, from which three thematic categories emerged. The first category, “Leisure as a Lived Right: The Role of VADL in Participants’ Lives,” reveals how VADL dismantled historical barriers that limit access to leisure. The participants described the project as a space for the democratization and re-signification of leisure, recognizing it as both a right and a form of resistance against social inequalities. The second category, “Learning to Be More: Knowledges Constructed within VADL,” brings to light the multiple learnings fostered by the project. These learnings went beyond technical skills, encompassing ethical, social, and cultural values that impacted the life trajectories of the former participants. VADL emerged as a space for intercultural dialogue, where diverse knowledges were valued and integrated into educational practices. The third category, “Education with Love: Relationships of Trust and Commitment in VADL,” highlights the project’s affective dimension, in which the educators established bonds founded on respect and love. The care and welcoming nature of these relationships were identified by the participants as key to the project’s success, creating an environment of trust and shared responsibility where they felt valued. From these analyses, it is understood that VADL constitutes a space for critical and humanizing learning, in which leisure is experienced as both a right and a transformative social practice. The identified educational processes reveal that the project functioned as a field of resistance and collective knowledge construction, promoting awareness, humanization, and liberation.
Acessibilidade e políticas linguísticas educacionais para surdos: do contexto de produção textual às vivências na Universidade Federal do Maranhão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-11)
Dias, Walquiria Pereira da Silva
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Lacerda, Cristina Broglia Feitosa de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9468232016416725
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5558275559275293
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9087-6898
Deaf communities have historically worked to promote greater social participation and the guarantee of rights. The presence of deaf people in various sectors of society is evident, creating a demand for interpretation and translation and, consequently, the need for professionals to ensure linguistic accessibility. The institutionalization of the Libras/Portuguese Language Translator and Interpreter (TILSP) has been a reflection of this situation, but it does not always meet the need for public policies that take deaf individuals into account as citizens who exercise their rights and duties using specific language modalities. In this sense, considering legal requirements and experiences within institutions, we investigate how public policies aimed at deaf people have been guided in the educational context, specifically in Higher Education. Thus, the general objective focuses on analyzing political convergences - of accessibility, educational and linguistic - that guide the education of deaf people at UFMA, taking as a starting point institutional documents and dialogues established with TILSPs working at the institution. The specific objectives are: a) To identify, in institutional documents, plans and/or actions that contemplate deaf people, seeking to understand the policies that guide the proposals, comparing them with reports about the practices; b) To problematize the implementation of policies (of accessibility, educational and linguistic) in the context of practice, with a view to devaluing the language and the subjects involved in the process; c) To rethink the context of practice, in order to mitigate proposals that are more consistent with the needs of deaf communities in Higher Education.Based on the debates on accessibility, originally conceived in the field of Special Education, we project the discussion to the arena of Language Policies, mobilizing the perspective of language as a linguistic right and not only as a communication resource. Considering the context of our analyses, Accessibility and Linguistic Policies are considered in dialogue with Educational Policies, taking into account the relationship between macro and micro contexts to think about Deaf Education. Methodologically, this is a qualitative approach, based on a case study, with the Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) as the locus. Three stages were carried out: a) documentary research, in which, in addition to the general legislation that guides deaf education, we analyzed internal documents from UFMA; b) a focus group held with TILSPs working at UFMA, totaling three meetings; and c) an interview with the head of the Subsection of Libras Interpreters of the aforementioned institution, to complement data collected in the focus group. The data are analyzed considering the contexts and the value of practices in the implementation of official policies. We therefore consider that, between policies and experiences, there are knowledge and power relations that permeate the educational field and make translation and interpretation of/into sign languages an important part of a very complex mechanism. We hope that this study will contribute to the formulation of public policies in the field of Higher Education.
Caminhos e singularidades dos papéis ocupacionais na parentalidade adotiva: uma perspectiva sobre a literatura recente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-15)
Rosilho, Alice da Silva
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Magalhães, Lilian Vieira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8695787131933459
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3666-3685
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5838298531369349
The construction of occupational roles is an essential element in occupational therapy, as it reflects how individuals engage in meaningful activities in their daily lives. In the context of adoptive parenting, sociocultural values still influence how this role is perceived, often devaluing adoption in comparison to biological parenthood. Based on the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO), occupational therapy must recognize that parenting goes beyond biological markers, encompassing social, symbolic, and subjective aspects. Regarding motherhood, social transformations have chosen to become a mother more evident, yet challenges remain in equating adoptive and biological parenting. Similarly, the father’s role is often reduced to playful and financial aspects, reinforcing inequalities in caregiving responsibilities. Given this, occupational therapists play a fundamental role in redefining adoptive parenting, promoting interventions that value this process and supporting families in building emotional bonds. The profession can contribute to deconstructing normative standards and strengthening the recognition of adoption as a legitimate and fulfilling experience of parenthood.
Efeito subletal do fipronil sobre o sistema hepatonefrocítico de Bombus atratus (Swederus, 1787) (Hymenoptera Bombini).
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-15)
Nogueira, Felipe Lissoni de Andrade
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Abdalla, Fábio Camargo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7770803221041927
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1180-8211
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7055287818076406
Pollination by native bee species of the genus Bombus is essential for ensuring the sexual reproduction of plants and human food security. However, these bees are experiencing population decline due to several factors, including exposure to sublethal doses of pesticides. Fipronil is an agrochemical with inhibitory action on neuronal postsynaptic receptors, causing excessive stimulation of neurons in the insect's nervous system. The study found that sublethal concentrations of fipronil found in the field and used in agricultural systems could harm the organism of Bombus atratus. Therefore, the study analyzed the effects of sublethal concentrations of fipronil (1.5 μL L-1, 2.5 μL L-1, and 3.5 μL L-1) on the cells of the hepatonephrocytic system (HNS) of B. atratus, using biomarkers. Therefore, morphological, morphometric, genotoxic, fluorescence histochemical, and histochemical analyses of trophocytes, oenocytes, and pericardial cells were performed. The results indicated that the analyzed fipronil concentrations damaged the analyzed cell groups of the SHN of B. atratus, with milder effects in the treatment of 1.5 μL L-1and accentuated exposures to 2.5 μL L-1 and 3.5 μL L-1. Exposures to 2.5 μL L-1 and 3.5 μL L-1 caused damage of similar intensity to the SHN cells of B. atratus. Morphological analysis of the trophocytes indicated loss of the branched nuclear shape at all analyzed concentrations, while exposures to 2.5 μL L-1 and 3.5 μL L-1 caused cytoplasmic vacuolization and chromatin compaction. Oenocytes showed chromatin compaction at all concentrations analyzed. Pericardial cells showed cytoplasmic vacuolation, were observed in stages II and III of activation, and showed chromatin compaction at all concentrations analyzed. Morphometric analysis indicated a decrease in the cell area of trophocytes and oenocytes in the groups exposed to 2.5 μL L-1 and 3.5 μL L-1 (P < 0.0001), while pericardial cells showed an increase in cell area at all exposures analyzed (P < 0.0001) due to pinocytic activity of the hemolymph and vacuolation of the cytoplasm. Genotoxic analysis indicated that all concentrations analyzed damaged the genetic material of the cells, with greater intensity in relation to exposures to 2.5 μL L-1 and 3.5 μL L-1 (P < 0.0001). Fluorescence histochemical analysis indicated that exposure to 2.5 μL L-1 and 3.5 μL L-1 caused chromatin fragmentation in all cell groups analyzed, as indicated by the observed red nuclei. Histochemical analyses indicated that protein content decreased in trophocytes and pericardial cells, while remaining unchanged in oenocytes, at all concentrations analyzed. Glycogen and triglyceride contents remained unchanged in all treatments and cell groups analyzed. The results indicated that fipronil's action impaired the mobilization of molecules, impairing the energy metabolism of bees in the exposed groups. The study concluded that the effects of sublethal fipronil concentrations found in the field harmed HNS cells and the B. atratus organism.
Metadado de gênero em registros de autoridade: proposta de diretrizes e enriquecimento semântico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-15)
Mendonça, Ana Carolina Novaes de
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Arakaki, Ana Carolina Simionato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9896600626524397
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9826682103593479
The presence of gender metadata in authority records has become an emerging topic in the field of Information Science, especially in light of the growing demand for more inclusive, interoperable, and identity-aware systems of information and knowledge organization. In a context marked by the transformation of cataloging practices, driven by conceptual models, advances in Information and Communication Technologies, and the adoption of structured metadata standards, there arises a need to rethink how attributes such as gender are represented in bibliographic catalogs. This research aimed to analyze the presence and treatment of gender metadata in authority records maintained by national libraries, proposing guidelines and strategies based on semantic enrichment to enhance the quality of this representation in information systems. It is a qualitative investigation, with a descriptive and exploratory approach, based on bibliographic review, documentary analysis, and direct observation of public catalogs. Thirteen national libraries were analyzed, selected for their adoption of different metadata standards, in order to identify the fields used to represent gender, the values assigned, the controlled vocabularies employed, as well as the eventual linkage to external identifiers such as Wikidata and VIAF. The study also examined institutional guidelines, technical documents, and public policies related to the inclusion of gender metadata, when available. The results indicate that although metadata standards already provide specific fields for recording gender, their application remains limited, predominantly binary, and lacking standardization across the institutions analyzed. A lack of clear institutional policies for the use of these fields was observed, as well as a predominance of descriptive practices that overlook self-identification and the fluidity of gender identities. On the other hand, positive practices were identified, including the use of diversity-aware controlled vocabularies, linking to external URIs, and records aligned with open ontologies. It is concluded that the qualification of gender metadata in authority records, through the use of linked data technologies and semantic enrichment, can enhance the expressiveness, interoperability, and informational justice of bibliographic catalogs. The adoption of technical and ethical guidelines for such representation is essential to ensure the visibility of women authors, trans and non-binary individuals, and other identities frequently underrepresented in traditional systems. The research thus highlights the importance of normative and political advances to foster diversity and equity in informational environments.
Uma Torre e um Farol nas terras do Horror: "Silvestre" (2019), de Wagner Willian, como centro autoral e a editora Darkside® Books como horizonte de produção literária especializada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-16)
Messias, José Victor
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Salgado, Luciana Salazar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5206927424265495
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0627593955136715
What a book can tell about its publishing house? “Silvestre” (2019), from Wagner Willian, is presented in the Darkside® Books’ publisher site after a brief explanation about “Walden ou A vida nos Bosques” (1894), from Henry David Thoreau. In what kind of data it can transforms to? In this research, the winner comics of Prêmio Jabutis’ in it’s 2020 edition is taken as a medium (Debray 2002), a discursive device that shows itself as the means of contact between a conceptual dimension and the possibilities of its material incarnation. This research, made from Grupo de Pesquisa Comunica – Inscrições Linguísticas na Comunicação (UFSCar/CEFET-MG, CNPq) deploypments is part of a trajectory dedicated to study discursively the incarnations of social anxyeties in technical objects (Simondon, 2018), through the aproach of the discursive-mediology, based in the literary discurse (Mainguenau, 2018). Futhermore, this trajectory is also embased on J. Halberstam’s deployments in “Skin shows: gothic horror and the technology of monsters” (1995), and follows an advance in the author’s theory by proposing that, from a visual materialization, in addition to its constitution through words, the monster is also, in itself, an editorial object (Salgado, 2020), therefore its technology as a narrative synthesis can be a way of accessing the discourses mobilized by the work and it’s literary value, also through the materiality that conveys it – the monster is the work and vice versa (Messias, 2023). Through the discursive-mediological methodology, the diachronic and synchronic dimensions will be analyzed as carriers of ideas in the materialities of the Wagner Willian’s (2019) comic and how it connects itself to the work of Henry David Thoureau (1854), and how it represents the Darkside® Books universe. Therefore, develops in this research an analysis about “Silvestre” (2019) to lecture about its status as a Darkside® Books’ medium and how it constitutes its literary value trhough a valuation system based on literary pratices.
Influência do cerebelo no processamento de funções não-motoras - revisão da literatura e estudo experimental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-16)
Prati, José Mário
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Gianlorenço, Anna Carolyna Lepesteur
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3861050459671690
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Russo, Thiago Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2755480908047791
The cerebellum is a structure widely recognized for its role in motor functions, such as movement control, motor learning, and balance. However, its participation in non-motor processes, such as emotions and cognitive functions, has been increasingly attracting interest. The functional network and connectivity of the cerebellum remain open areas of study, and both clinical and preclinical research have been dedicated to identifying these connections to gain a better understanding of cerebellar neurophysiology and its influence on other brain regions in various functions. STUDY 1 - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify and synthesize the evidence in the literature regarding the activation and connectivity of the cerebellum with other brain structures involved in processing various functions. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases using different search terms to identify clinical and preclinical studies related to cerebellar involvement in different functions, including sensory, motor, autonomic, cognitive, and emotional functions. The retrieved studies were summarized and presented in topics corresponding to the respective functions. RESULTS: It was demonstrated that regions of the anterior lobe of the cerebellum are more involved in motor control, proprioceptive and graviceptive signal integration, and reward anticipation. On the other hand, regions of the posterior lobe, including the cerebellar hemispheres, are more involved in processing eye movements, cognition, emotions, and auditory functions. It was also observed that similar cerebellar regions are activated in different functions, leading to the understanding that the same cerebellar region may simultaneously contribute to processing multiple functions. We hypothesize that microzones specialized in different functions may co-activate to support multimodal behaviors. CONCLUSION: The anterior cerebellar lobe plays a greater role in sensory-motor processing, whereas the posterior lobe is more involved in cognitive and emotional functions. Additionally, some cerebellar regions, such as lobules VI and VII, seem to act as integrative areas, as they are frequently described as participating in most of the investigated functions. STUDY 2 - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify in the literature the main cerebellar activation regions in nociception and pain processing, as well as their connections with other nervous system regions involved in this process. METHODS: Searches were conducted in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases using specific search terms related to the study’s theme to obtain a comprehensive overview of factors associated with pain processing. Clinical and preclinical studies addressing the topic were selected. Cerebellar activation in response to nociceptive stimuli, the location of cerebellar activation, and its connections with other brain regions involved in nociception and pain processing were analyzed. RESULTS: The primary cerebellar regions involved in nociception and pain processing are lobules IV, V, VI, VII, Crus I, and Crus II. The cerebellum can communicate with brain structures involved in processing different dimensions of pain, as well as in pain modulation; however, studies investigating this hypothesis are still lacking. Research shows that cerebellar modulation reduces pain intensity by increasing the pain threshold and enhancing endogenous pain inhibition processes. CONCLUSION: The cerebellum may be involved in the multidimensional processing of pain and exert influence on pain modulation through its extensive connections with brain structures engaged in these processes. STUDY 3 - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze neuronal activation in the cerebellum in different spatiotemporal contexts involved in emotion and emotional memory processing, as well as its connections with other brain structures in animals. METHODS: A total of 43 naïve Swiss Albino mice were used. The animals were divided into four groups: Inhibitory Avoidance, Shock, No Shock, and Control Group. For behavioral assessment, the animals were exposed to the Inhibitory Avoidance apparatus, inferring emotion and emotional memory, for 1, 4, and 8 days in different exposure contexts. After the final exposure of each group to the assessment apparatus, euthanasia was performed, followed by transcardiac perfusion with 4% paraformaldehyde and brain extraction. The brains were sectioned at 40 μm for c-Fos immunofluorescence analysis in predefined structures. Microscopic images of brain structures were captured for the analysis of immunofluorescent cells. One-way ANOVA or the Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to the immunofluorescence analysis data, followed by the appropriate post-hoc test. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between the coefficients of brain structures. RESULTS: There was an increase in c-Fos expression in cerebellar lobules IV-V (p = 0.01). Dunn’s multiple comparisons test showed a significant difference in c-Fos expression between the Inhibitory Avoidance-4 days group and the Control Group (p = 0.01). An increase in c-Fos expression was also observed in cerebellar lobule VI (p = 0.01). Dunn’s multiple comparisons test indicated a significant difference in c-Fos expression between the Inhibitory Avoidance-4 days and Shock-4 days groups (p = 0.01). No significant difference was found in c-Fos expression in other regions of interest. Spearman’s correlation coefficient test did not show correlations between the coefficients of the regions of interest in the Inhibitory Avoidance-4 days Group. CONCLUSION: Lobules IV-V and VI were the cerebellar regions with the highest activity in animals that performed the Inhibitory Avoidance task for four days, suggesting involvement in emotion and emotional memory. GENERAL CONCLUSION: The cerebellum is involved in the processing of various functions performed by the nervous system. Once its anatomical and functional interaction with other brain structures also involved in this processing is clarified, the cerebellum could become a therapeutic target for the treatment of painful and psychiatric conditions.
Efeitos das condições iniciais do solo na estrutura da floresta e no estoque de carbono numa área em restauração
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-16)
Silva, Camila Morais Ramos
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Souza, Andréa Lúcia Teixeira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5216112068627151
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5832518174901727
Deforestation in tropical regions leads to substantial changes in soil organic matter content, affecting the soil microbial community, nutrient cycling, and the degradation of soil structure. Certain human activities, such as dairy cattle milking facilities, can cause an excessive input of organic matter into the soil, which may increase soil nutrient availability through waste runoff. However, there is a lack of information regarding the effect of organic matter input on the structure of a restored forest, particularly after a decade following the implementation of restoration actions. In a deforested riparian forest area in the southeastern region of the São Paulo state, a forest restoration project was initiated in 2013. Part of this area received waste runoff from a nearby milking facility. The organic matter input into the soil, combined with the positioning of the milking facility at one end of the restoration site, resulted in forming a soil fertility gradient across the restored area. This study assessed whether the initial soil conditions observed during restoration implementation influenced forest structure approximately 11 years after restoration. Specifically, we evaluated the effect of initial soil conditions on total tree basal area, tree density, the number of regenerating individuals, stratification and litterfall accumulation, and the carbon stock stored in the aboveground biomass of the restored forest. At the beginning of the restoration process, soil samples were collected at a depth of 0–20 cm from 10 plots distributed across the entire area. Approximately 11 years after seedling planting, we measured the height and diameter of all trees within these plots, which were used to estimate forest structure parameters. Additionally, we collected accumulated litterfall from five subsamples within each plot. Forest structure exhibited spatial variation within the restored area as a function of initial soil conditions. Areas closer to the milking facility developed denser forests with more regenerating individuals, higher basal area and stratification, and greater litterfall accumulation. Conversely, locations farther from the milking facility displayed lower tree density and fewer regenerating individuals, resulting in a less stratified forest with lower litterfall accumulation. Initial soil conditions positively influenced the carbon stock in the aboveground biomass of trees in the restored forest. Our results demonstrate that the amount of organic matter present during initial seedling planting positively influenced the speed of forest structure recovery and carbon sequestration 11 years later. These findings suggest that soil improvement by adding cattle manure in degraded areas with low organic matter content could enhance the efficiency of tropical forest restoration projects.
Investigação de precocidade por meio do Inventário Portage Operacionalizado em uma criança na creche
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-17)
Oliveira, Maria Isabela de
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Rangni, Rosemeire de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6399149504309769
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8752-9745
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6754671018070505
Early identification and pedagogical support for students with precocious characteristics in the various areas of ability are recommended by specialized literature, however, this task comes up against a lack of instrumentation for this purpose. With this in mind, the general aim of this research was to investigate indicators of precocity in a child of nursery school age, using the Inventário Portage Operacionalizado (IPO) and, specifically, to check whether the signs of precocity in a child of nursery school age, previously assessed, were still present. The methodological design used was exploratory-descriptive and longitudinal research. A three-year-old child took part in the study with her mother and teacher as sources of information. The results obtained were: i) Motor development showed approximate scores for her age group (14 points out of 15) and more than 80% beyond her age; ii) in Language, in her age group (14 points out of 15) and more than 80% beyond her age; ii) in Language, the child scored beyond her age group (12 points out of 15); iii) in Self-care, she achieved the expected score for her age group (13 out of 14 points); iv) in Socialization, the child obtained 9 expected points out of 11 and more than 50% expected beyond her age; and v) in Cognition, the child scored 20 out of 24 points expected for his age group and 67% above. The conclusion is that, at the time research, the child aged three years and five months showed characteristics superior to her age group, as observed through the IPO, and the instrument proved to be effective in signaling early potential in nursery children.
Seleção de conteúdos no curso de iniciação musical para crianças do programa Guri
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-17)
Bergantin, Eglem das Neves
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Galizia, Fernando Stanzione
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4007795540173093
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4697488433273341
This study was based on the question “What, why and for what purpose do teachers of the Guri’s Musical Initiation for Children (GMIC) course teach what they teach?” Based on this question, the general objective of this research was to investigate, from the teachers’ perspective, the content selection process in the GMIC course. As specific goals, we aim to: identify which contents are worked on by teachers; investigate why they select these contents and why they consider them valid musical knowledge for GMIC; and verify, in their opinion, what is the purpose of the music teaching they carry out. As reference authors, we based ourselves on Gimeno Sacristán (2013) in the area of curriculum, Zabala (1988) on the typology of content, Contreras (2002) and his conception of professional autonomy of the teacher, Libâneo (2013) and the criteria for content selection, Chervel (1990) and Goodson (1995) in the field of the history of subjects, Fonterrada (2008) on the history of music education in Brazil, and Keith Swanwick (1979) and his C(L)A(S)P model. As a data collection method, we used the semi-structured interview, a method in which six teachers of the GMIC course, from different locations in the State of São Paulo, were interviewed. The analyses demonstrated that there is a strong influence of the conservatory model in the GMIC course. However, the characteristics of the conservatory model coexist with the approaches of active methods in music education, pointing to a transition phase in the conception of music teaching for children. We found in the data that the basic musical parameters are hegemonic content and inherited in music teaching for children; also, we notice the imbalance between musical activities in the curriculum (mainly, the low presence of composition), the loss of teacher’s autonomy due to structural issues of Guri, and the fragility of the professional area of music teaching.
Caracterização química e potencial energético da biomassa derivada da casca de coco verde
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-17)
Martins, Luís Henrique Pereira
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Gomes, Janaina Fernandes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6718634914051168
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9542-8944
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5166997488299326
Since the end of the 20th century, growing concerns about rising greenhouse gas emissions and the resulting global warming have driven the search for renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind and biomass, the latter mainly involving the burning of organic matter from wood waste. In this context, biomass derived from coconut husk bagasse, although less explored compared to other sources, such as sugarcane bagasse, eucalyptus firewood and agricultural waste, has emerged as an alternative for the production of renewable energy. In addition to its energy potential, the use of coconut husk bagasse can contribute to promoting environmental sustainability, particularly in urban areas where excessive disposal of coconut waste becomes a problem. Locations such as kiosks and coconut processing facilities are often responsible for high volumes of waste that could be used to reduce the accumulation of garbage and, at the same time, provide a source of renewable energy. Investigating green coconut bagasse is essential to understanding its chemical composition and its potential as a biomass. Thus, the objective of this work is to study the chemical composition of green coconut bagasse based on the procedures of specific standards of ABNT NBR. This analysis allows the evaluation of the presence of water (moisture), cellulose and lignin, in addition to potentially significant levels of carbon and nitrogen, essential elements for determining the energy potential of the material. Based on these results, the possibilities of using green coconut bagasse as a sustainable source of energy in industrial and/or commercial applications will be explored, aiming to advance discussions on the diversification of the Brazilian energy matrix and possible strategies for mitigating the environmental impacts associated with conventional energy sources.
Modelo de predição de impactos ambientais de produtos baseado na avaliação do ciclo de vida integrada à inteligência artificial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-22)
Salla, João
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Almeida, Tiago Agostinho de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5368680512020633
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6943-8033
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Silva, Diogo Aparecido Lopes
It is estimated that 78% of American consumers and 70% of Brazilian consumers already value more sustainable lifestyles, primarily due to personal well-being and concerns for future generations. However, climate risks are already a reality and complex to address, requiring swift and effective responses. This underscores the importance of integrating techniques such as Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Machine Learning (ML) to support environmental decision-making in a rapid and reliable manner. LCA, regulated by ISO 14040 and ISO 14044, requires significant time and large volumes of data for its execution. On the other hand, ML, with its data processing capabilities and predictive modeling, offers a solution to significantly reduce this analysis time. This study aimed to propose and test decision-support models using ML trained with LCA datasets to predict environmental impacts. This exploratory research is structured into two main articles. The first reviews the literature on computational techniques and modeling languages for environmental impact prediction, with the objective of assessing the current state of LCA+ML integration. The second article applies ML models in three different tests, utilizing LCA datasets and comparing prediction results. The primary challenge of this research was managing the heterogeneity of LCA data, as different databases use varied formats, such as ecoSpold and ILCD, impacting interoperability. Open-source software, such as OpenLCA, was employed to ensure compatibility and portability across the 1,219 datasets evaluated using ML. The key outcome was a refined decision-support model that enables the entire training pipeline, from sample generation through data export from LCA databases to ML model performance analysis. It is expected that the developed support model will guide LCA and ML users, offering a replicable approach for other sectors and contexts.
Esfarelamento do dualismo digital na contemporaneidade: uma leitura tecnodiscursiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-22)
Sousa, Carlinho Viana de
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Baronas, Roberto Leiser
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613001301744682
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1077943769216031
The discourses formulated, constituted, and circulated in the web environment are posing methodological, epistemological, and scientific challenges to traditional Discourse Analysis. This work is situated within the field of Digital Discourse Analysis, aiming to examine digital discourses native to the web—technodiscourses—where the "techno" and the "discursive" are two inseparable, co-constituted elements. To separate them implies a digital dualism: on one side, machines (the virtual world); on the other, humans (the real world)—that is, two distinct realities. With the goal of adopting a technodiscursive approach, we analyzed a multifaceted research corpus composed of the film The Emoji Movie, online comments about the film, and the analytical human-machine interaction with ChatGPT AI. Two approaches were employed: pre-digital and digital. In the pre-digital approach, grounded in Maingueneau’s enunciative theory and intersecting with theorists who discuss digital dualism, we examined the crumbling of boundaries between the real and the virtual. This stage of the research revealed that when people are offline, digital dualism still persists in some form; however, when they are online, this dualism begins to disintegrate, liquefy, and hybridize. They participate in a simulated society, where software (in this case, emojis) simulates human life. In the digital approach, the corpus was analyzed by the ChatGPT AI in a process of technodiscursive co-construction, in which human and machine, connected, produced discourse and cognition within an online environment. This reflects an ecological approach to discourse, aligned with the main argument of this thesis: that the process of technodiscursive co-construction gives rise to a simulated society, where humans, machines, software, and digital environments co-produce integrated, multiple discourses and cognitions—all deeply intertwined with the most essential technology: language.