Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2025-05-21"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 4 de 4

Análise da segurança hídrica pela abordagem Nexus água, energia e alimento com uso de tecnologias sociais. Estudo de caso: município de Paragominas, estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-21) Bueno, Lívia Vitória França ; Ventura, Katia Sakihama; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0765182109837821; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3853-668X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9681746577695417; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4774-5769
Water security has become one of the main challenges for sustainable development, especially in territories that face deficiencies in basic infrastructure, such as sanitation, regular access to drinking water and energy, in addition to the low presence of effective public policies, a common reality in many rural communities in the eastern Amazon. This study aimed to analyze water security in Paragominas (PA) through the Water, Energy and Food Nexus approach, evaluating the applicability of social technologies as sustainable solutions, based on technical and socio-environmental criteria obtained from the literature, classifying them according to their suitability for rural, urban or mixed contexts. The methodology adopted consisted of a bibliographic review of technical studies, manuals and scientific articles, with the organization of information in analytical tables, application of Nexus criteria for sectoral evaluation and preparation of a final summary table. Ten social technologies were analyzed, including dry toilets, solar water pumping, biodigester septic tanks and mini-cisterns. It is concluded that the integration between social technologies and the Nexus AEA approach contributes significantly to local water security, offering viable solutions for promoting sustainability, social inclusion and community autonomy in regions with greater lack of infrastructure.
A influência dos processos hidrológicos e propriedades físico-hídricas dos solos em microbacias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-21) Oliveira, Alessandra da Silva; Tonello, Kelly Cristina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3844965971290638; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7920-6006; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0226150753526947; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3058-1080
Vegetation cover has a close relationship with the hydrological cycle, influencing the movement of water in different compartments of the system. Forest remnants provide benefits such as erosion control, water quality assurance, flow regulation, groundwater recharge, and nutrient cycling. In view of the significant modification of land use and cover caused by anthropogenic intervention on a global scale, conservation has increasingly focused on the restoration of degraded ecosystems. Understanding how different covers affect the soil’s physic-hydric dynamics is essential on multiple fronts, from sustainable management of water resources and ecosystem conservation to the safe design of hydraulic works and structures. In this context, this thesis aimed to characterize and assess the dynamics of hydrological and soil indicators in areas under forest restoration (RES), Eucalyptus sp. (EUC) and forest remnant (REM), with the goal of understanding the relationships among soil, water and vegetation at distinct stages of forest cover. The research was carried out in two micro-basins (A and B) within the Itupeva River sub-basin, between the municipalities of Aguaí and Espírito Santo do Pinhal (SP). 6 × 8 m plots were established in each cover type and monitored monthly over one year to obtain data on hydrological indicators and soil physical and chemical properties necessary to understand hydric dynamics and identify variations among covers and micro-basins with respect to the investigated aspects. The results indicated that, although micro-basin A is more elongated than B, both exhibit low drainage density, gentle slopes and low relief amplitude, conditions that favor infiltration. Internal precipitation (Pi) accounted for 88 % to 97 % of open-area precipitation (Pa), and surface runoff (ES) remained low under all covers, with no significant differences despite slightly higher volumes in EUC. The difference observed in EUC plots suggests that runoff tends to decrease as the eucalyptus develops. Regarding soil physic-hydric attributes, REM cover exhibited higher moisture and total porosity and lower density, whereas soil under EUC was more compact, with lower moisture and porosity. Seasonality is significantly influenced by soil physical parameters. Infiltration parameters (VIB and K) were directly affected by cover type and seasonality, with higher infiltration rates in REM and RES. Soil water repellency was, for the most part, slight but intensified during the dry season. Mechanical resistance to penetration was lower in the surface layer, regardless of cover. A trend of increasing ES with Pi was also observed, as well as a positive correlation between Pi and soil moisture and a negative correlation between moisture and penetration resistance. In summary, this research underscores how cover type modulates hydrological behavior and soil physico-hydric attributes, highlighting the importance of conservation for the maintenance of ecosystem services.
Mapas Conceituais Colaborativos: uma proposta de ensino para desenvolvimento dos Eixos Estruturantes da Alfabetização Científica em uma turma de Ensino Fundamental 2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-21) Leme, Idelzuite Azevedo Alcântara; Santos Junior, João Batista dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5615071332323472; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1952-2242; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6375788560224601; https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5699-8091
In a context of falling vaccination coverage rates and distrust regarding the safety and efficacy of vaccines, this study proposes the development and application of a Potentially Significant Teaching Unit (LUPU) that addresses: how vaccines work; their role in maintaining individual and collective health; and the process of vaccine production and approval. Using the Theory of Meaningful Learning (TAS) as a theoretical framework and the Conceptual Map (CM) as a teaching tool, this research project aimed to investigate the potential of using collaborative CM as a subsidy for the implementation of Scientific Literacy (SC) in a seventh-grade class of a municipal school in Sorocaba. The research, classified as exploratory qualitative, used as data collection instruments the CMs produced by the students, the teacher's Logbook notes, and the audio transcripts of the CM presentations and three interviews conducted after the application of the UEPS. As an indication of the development of SC, the occurrence of the three Structuring Axes of Scientific Literacy (EEAC) proposed by Sasseron (2008) was considered: the first axis is the understanding of fundamental scientific terms and concepts; the second axis is the understanding of the nature of science and the ethical and political factors related to its practice; and the third axis is the understanding of the relationships between science, technology, society, and the environment. For the analysis of the MC, the four reference parameters of a good conceptual map described by Aguiar; Correia (2013) were observed. In the interactions between the students, we sought to observe the occurrence of the four stages of the collaborative knowledge construction process: externalization; elicitation; consensus oriented towards integration or conflict; and integration process. We also point out that the first three processes were described by Fischer et al (2002) and the last by Aguiar; Ballego; Correia (2022). As a result, it is worth highlighting that it was possible to observe the presence of the first and third EEAC; regarding the second axis, our hypothesis is that it would be necessary to have a greater number of classes to carry out discussions and reflections that the axis demands. The analysis of the MCs prepared by the groups throughout the UEPS indicated advances in their structure with network-type MC and the presence of cross-links in two groups, and only in one of the groups did the data indicate that new training was necessary tbetter master the mapping technique. Regarding the interaction between group members, the data indicated the occurrence of four stages of the collaborative knowledge construction process.
Propagação de rumores em redes com triângulos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-21) Silva, Larissa Oliveira Moutinho da; Peron, Thomas Kauê Dal'Maso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1087642697727776; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2117105891402308
This study investigates the influence of the clustering coefficient on the dynamics of rumor propagation in complex networks, comparing it with the classical configurational model. We use the Maki-Thompson model as a basis for simulating rumor dissemination and analyze the limitations of the configurational model in reproducing the structural properties of real networks. To control the clustering coefficient without altering other structural metrics, we adopt the approach independently proposed by Newman and Miller. Through simulations, we evaluate how local clustering affects information dissemination, highlighting its impact on rumor propagation. Our results indicate that networks with a high clustering coefficient tend to restrict propagation to local communities, while networks with low clustering allow faster and more global dissemination. However, we observe that the influence of clustering on network dynamics only becomes significant when degree-degree correlations can no longer be neglected, as both properties are intrinsically related. Furthermore, we show that as the average degree increases, the influence of clustering becomes negligible, as global connectivity starts to dominate the process. By analyzing metrics such as propagator density and susceptibility, we find that clustering significantly affects the system’s response to small fluctuations, especially in networks with a low average degree. We conclude that network structure can be manipulated to either optimize or contain the spread and suggest future research to explore models that more realistically incorporate the influence of local substructures on network dynamics.