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O ensino de gêneros textuais: uma análise do manual do aluno de língua portuguesa utilizado no 11º ano em uma escola privada da Guiné-Bissau
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-04)
Sambú, Jacemine Valéria
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Viana, Nelson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6252579012192711
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3919854539236177
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Dias, Christiane da Silva
Guiné-Bissau i un país ku manga di lingus i manga di kultura, formadu pa djintis di diferentis etnias, kada un ku si língua. Apezár di purtuguis sta suma lingu ofisiál, i ta uzadu más na kontéxtus formal i na sistéma di edukason, maioria di studantis ta skribi i lei nes lingu suma sugundu ô tirsera lingu, i es fazi ta kaba pa inpakta diretu na procesu di insinamentu i aprendizajen. Na es situason li, i importante pa investiga manéra ku materials di insinamentu spesiálmenti livru di Lingu Portuguisa di 11º anu ki ta uzadu na skola Liceu Politécnico SOS di Guine-Bissau, kuma ki ta trata disenvolvimentu di kompeténsias komunikativus, komprénson i produson skrita di djenerus textuál. Dentru des kontestu, insinamentu di lingu purtuguis ta infrenta difikuldadis garandis, prinsipalmenti na disenvolvimentu di kompeténsias komunikativus, komprénson i produson skrita di djenerus textuál. Objetivu di es trabadju li é pa kumprendi manéra ku djenerus textuál sta tratadu na livru di Lingu Purtuguis di 11º anu di skola privadu Liceu Politécnico SOS. Piskisa i di naturaza kuálitativa, baze na análisi di dokumentus, i ta apoiadu na kontribuison teóricu di Marcuschi (2008), Dolz, Noverraz i Schneuwly (2004), Leffa (2007), Lucas (2016), entri utus, ki ta diskuti insinamentu pa méiu di djenerus textuál, uzadu di sequência didátika, insinamentu di lingu purtuguis na kontéxtu multilingui i importância di materials ku ta adapta ku realidadi di studantis. Análisi ta mostra kuma livru di studanti tene alguns avansu sim, pabia i inklui propostas didátikus pa disenvolvi kompeténsias na lingu purtuguesa, suma kumprénson di diferentis tipus di textus, di manga di dominiu, ku apropriason di técnika di komprenson i ekspreson oral i skrita, a interason oral sobre témas konsidu i apresentason di argumentus, opinións i informason di forma klaru i koerenti. Mas, i tene limitason na variedadi di djenerus ku livru trata, falta di esplikason teóricu más konsistenti i na progreson metodólógiku di atividadis. Ainda, i notadu nesesidadi di disenvolvi mas profundu struktura i funson di djenerus ku na tarbadjadu. Na fin, i konklui di kuma, livru analizadu reprisenta un esforsu importanti pa renovason di insinamentu di língua purtuguesa na Guiné-Bissau, mesmu assim, i pirsis inda ajustis pa i pudi rispundi mas diretamenti na nesesidadis linguístikus i formativus di studantis.
Dialogias no cronotopo pandêmico: sentidos emergentes em narrativas sobre o ensino-aprendizagem em uma escola pública do Piauí
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-04)
Queiroz, Marília Mesquita
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Zuin, Poliana Bruno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0389350936548546
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5247775472899813
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7206-5784
In the chronotope of the covid-19 pandemic, institutions across various spheres of human activity were compelled to self-organize in response to the unforeseen circumstances faced during this period. In the field of education, these rearrangements have been documented through diverse lenses, contributing to the understanding of how school systems adapted in different contexts. This study, grounded in categorical narrative research (Breton, 2023; Clandinin et al., 2016; Paiva, 2019; Reis, 2023), analyzes reports from the book “Sozinho na minha torre”: representações discentes sobre o ensino remoto no Piauí, written in 2023 by high school students from a federal institution in Piauí. The objective is to examine the meanings these students attribute to remote teaching and learning, particularly in relation to the English language. Based on the understanding of education as a complex phenomenon (Davis and Sumara, 2006; Freire, 2011; Freire, 2013; Morin, 1995; Morin, 2021), we reflect on the multidimensionality inherent to the school system and on the interactive and inter-retroactive relationships between learning and teaching. Analytical categories and concepts include dialogism, meaning (Bakhtin, 2017 [1979]; Volóchinov, 2018; Vygotsky, 2007), chronotope (Bakhtin, 2018 [1975]; Bemong, 2015), autonomy (Morin, 2021; Paiva, 2005), and emotion (Aragão, 2008; 2011; Maturana, 2001; Maturana e Varela, 1998), which emerge consistently in the students’ narratives. Considering the shift from physical to virtual learning environments, the study also addresses digital literacy, with support from Coscarelli (2016), Lankshear and Knobel (2006), Rojo and Moura (2019), Santaella (2010), Soares (2002, 2009), and Street (2013, 2014). Besides serving as a historical record of the educational experience during the pandemic, the research highlights the value of amplifying student voices, reinforcing their legitimacy and capacity to inform systemic improvements. As an applied study, it further explores non-linearity, complexity, and possibilities in language teaching and learning, building on Larsen-Freeman and Cameron (2008) and Paiva (2010, 2014), among others. The findings indicate that remote teaching was often perceived as having limited relevance for learning, prompting some students to engage in autonomous learning practices, both generally and specifically in the English subject. The home, as the new learning space, was reinterpreted with varied meanings: confinement, confusion, leisure, overload, and overcrowding. Emotional and psychological impacts – such as fear, anxiety, and difficulties in concentration and social interaction upon returning to in-person classes – were also frequently reported.
A construção da proteção jurídica da natureza no Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-04)
Santos, Gérica Branco dos
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Alves, Mariana Faiad Batista
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3951073428352583
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7643-6044
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Santos, André Alves Cordeiro dos
This dissertation analyzes the evolution of nature´s legal protection in the Inter-American System of Human Rights, focusing on the construction of environmental laws as an autonomous human right, as well as the social movements that led to cases of international protection. Based on a review of the demands analyzed by the Inter-American Human Rights System, the study examines the main decisive milestones that consolidated environmental protection in this system, highlighting the Advisory Opinion 23 of 2017, the ruling in the Nuestra Tierra case, the ruling in the La Oroya case, and Advisory Opinion 32 of 2025, as well as legislative markers and the interpretations given. The work also explores the influence of international environmental law and the paradigm shift in relation to the justiciability of the right to the environment, moving from an anthropocentric approach to an interdependent vision of human rights. Finally, the dissertation discusses the challenges and future perspectives for the consolidation of environmental law as a fundamental human right in the Inter-American system, aiming at paths of effectiveness for international decisions and conventions, concluding that the progress in updating them has a significant impact on the legal protection of nature, but still insufficient.
Constituição do sujeito na era do capitalismo de vigilância: uma interface a partir dos estudos em ciência, tecnologia e sociedade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-04)
Melo, Samuel Cerqueira
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Martinez, Vinício Carrilho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7916014556126573
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0593-0544
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3442831168271741
From the perspective of Science, Technology and Society (STS) studies, this work will analyse the implications of surveillance capitalism in the structuring of the digital ecosystem and in the foundation of the social architecture of the 21st Century, as well as reflecting on how these processes influence the constitution of the contemporary subject. In this context, the key role of big tech companies and their thinking machines stands out, consisting of technologies such as big data, employed to collect, extract and analyse data, which will subsequently feed artificial intelligence (AI) systems capable of shaping both individual and collective decisions. The rising dispute over sovereignty in Science and Technology (S&T) among the United States, China, and the European Union highlights different models of regulation and governance regarding the deliberate use of data, outlining diverse scenarios of control, surveillance, and sales. As a methodological approach, an inductive literature review was applied, drawing on concepts that expand the scope of view, allowing us to perceive what often remains invisible in the face of ambiguous realities. The cosmovision adopted here serves as a tool for understanding the ground we walk on with greater accuracy, especially in the face of fast economic progress. It therefore concludes with insights that focus on the subjective and emancipatory formation of the political agent, promoting the awakening of the cognizant subject to an understanding of the effects of surveillance capitalism, which tends to manipulate and subjugate human behaviour, converting personal data into economic surplus and consolidating new forms of servitude.
O projeto de vida no ensino de filosofia e o direcionamento profissional dos jovens no ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-05)
Falasqui, Raquel Aparecida
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Maamari, Adriana Mattar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5707827597161294
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0562415581840634
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Silva, Jefferson Luis Brentini da
This study analyzed the importance of Philosophy for the career choices of public high school students in Campinas, São Paulo, through its integration with the Life Project course and the development of philosophical workshops. The research was motivated by gaps observed in preparing students to identify their vocations and define their professional futures. It sought to understand how Philosophy offers perspectives on professional choice, going beyond the mere selection of careers and enabling young people to reflect on their paths and goals, while emphasizing the contribution of this field of knowledge to articulating aptitude, values, and professional decisions. The partnership between Philosophy and Life Project contributed to the development of students’ autonomy, broadening reflections of a personal, community, and professional nature. This articulation proved essential for shaping students who are better prepared to recognize their principles, face life’s challenges, and understand the demands of the labor market. In this context, the research designed and implemented a Philosophy workshop focused on professional orientation, aiming to support young people at the end of high school and to encourage dialogue and authorship in building their trajectories. To develop the workshop, a qualitative action research methodology was adopted, allowing an understanding of students’ experiences through the analysis of activities carried out and their prior knowledge. The workshop fostered the integration of Philosophy and Life Project through exploratory practices, such as ethical and environmental dilemmas related to real-life situations. The role of the teacher as a learning guide was crucial for carrying out the activities and for fostering reflection and student protagonism. Based on attentive observation, student feedback, interviews, and the analysis of records, the study demonstrated the contribution of Philosophy to the development of skills and to understanding the professional world, moving beyond strictly academic content. Interaction with professionals from different fields and practical activities helped young people gain a clearer understanding of their career options, aligning their personal choices with labor market demands. The proposal encouraged a renewed view of themselves, reinforcing the value of their choices and broadening their vision of their future professional trajectories.
Adição de espécies radicalares a azometinas iminas e nitronas: síntese e aplicação de c-glicosil pirazolidinona e obtenção de aminas via LMCT
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-05)
Gonçalves, Renan de Oliveira
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Paixão, Márcio Weber
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3773908504964104
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0421-2831
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5141145224355244
Nitrogen compounds play a central role in several areas of applied chemistry, being present in agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, food additives, and polymeric materials. Among the modern strategies for obtaining and modifying these structures, methodologies based on photocatalysis stand out, allowing the selective generation of radicals under visible light. In this context, this thesis describes the development of innovative synthetic approaches for the functionalization of nitrogenous species such as azomethine imines and nitrones, exploiting their capacity as nucleophilic radical acceptors in photoinduced reactions. In Project 1, a metal-free photocatalytic methodology was developed for the non-anomeric C-glycosylation of azomethine imines, using 4-glycosyl-1,4-dihydropyridines (DHPs) as radicais precursors and 4CzIPN as a photocatalyst in acetonitrile. The protocol resulted in the development of a new class of C-glycosyl pyrazolidinones under mild conditions, with broad scope and scalability. The derivatives obtained were subsequently modified, including acylation, acetonide deprotection, and reduction, demonstrating the synthetic potential of the methodology. Furthermore, the C-glycosylation methodology was adapted to continuous flow systems, enabling the efficient synthesis of a library of 30 compounds with greater savings in time, reagents, and solvents. The products obtained were subjected to antiplasmodial activity assays in collaboration with CIBFar-USP. Sixteen compounds demonstrated significant activity (IC50 < 10 µM) with low cytotoxicity and good selectivity. Structure-activity relationship analysis revealed that the presence of a phenyl at position 5 of the pyrazolidinone and the glycosidic moiety are determinants of bioactivity, consolidating these units as promising pharmacophoric fragments against Plasmodium falciparum. In Project 2, a novel strategy was developed for the alkylation of nitrones and subsequent reduction of hydroxylamine to amines using ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) catalysis with Fe(III) under visible light. The methodology employs carboxylic acids as a source of alkyl radicals and initially generates hydroxylamines in situ, which are reduced to amines without the use of stoichiometric metal reducing agents. Overall, the results obtained throughout this thesis demonstrate the potential of photochemical approaches in the development of sustainable and efficient methodologies for the selective functionalization of nitrogenous systems, in addition to contributing new perspectives for the discovery of bioactive compounds.
Estudo da fotoinativação de larvas de Aedes aegypti (LINNAEUS, 1762) com formulações de curcumina: eficácia e segurança ambiental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-05)
Garbuio, Matheus
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Lima, Alessandra Ramos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2937413804518289
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5810-5137
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Bagnato, Vanderlei Salvador
The selection of resistant populations of the vector Aedes aegypti to traditional chemical insecticides has motivated the search for alternative techniques to control the proliferation of vector mosquitoes. Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) is a promising tool against vector Ae. aegypti, involving the combination of three elements: specific wavelength, photosensitive molecule (PS) and molecular oxygen, which when associated cause irreversible damage. Ambient temperature is an important factor in the survival of larvae and mosquitoes, as it influences their physiology, behavior and ecology. This study aimed to evaluate curcumin-based formulations for PDI of Ae. aegypti larvae under laboratory and simulated field conditions. The implementation was carried out in stages: (i) the biological cycle parameters of Ae. aegypti, such as hatching rate and lethal concentration (LC) of larvae and mortality promoted by PDI with curcumin, under different temperatures (20, 25, 30 and 35 °C). (ii) formulation and characterization of microencapsulated curcumin by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and biological assays with larvae. Lethal concentrations (LCs50;90) for IFD action in the laboratory were defined. (iii) evaluation of the photodynamic action behavior in a simulated field, based on the LCs determined in the laboratory, evaluated larval mortality and the persistence of the curcumin-based formulation. (iv) ecotoxicological analyses with non-target organisms (Danio rerio, Allium cepa, and Galleria mellonella). The results of step i) indicated that higher temperatures result in higher larval mortality at lower concentrations of the curcumin formulation. The larvae that survived after PDI, when compared to the control groups, showed delayed development. The survival evaluation of adult male and female mosquitoes for the control and PDI groups showed a reduction in the longevity of mosquitoes in the PDI group compared to the control. In step ii), the curcumin microcapsule presented an absorption peak at 440 nm, an average size of 11.1 ± 3.1 µm, and there were no significant shifts in the positions of the characteristic bands of curcumin and its excipients. Furthermore, it maintained its efficacy, and laboratory results show that the LCs were 0.27 mg/L (LC50) and 1.6 mg/L (LC90), respectively. Step (iii), in a simulated field, the concentrations obtained were LC50 2.30 mg/L and LC90 8.7 mg/L, respectively. The results of the persistence evaluation of the curcumin microcapsule in a simulated field showed 100% efficacy for up to 20 days, with activity declining over time, completely losing its efficacy after 45 days. In stage IV, the ecotoxicity evaluation showed no toxicity to non-target organisms: Danio rerio (100 mg/L), Allium cepa (100 mg/L) and Galleria mellonella (2000 mg/L). The photodynamic action is effective in laboratory and simulated field tests. Therefore, the curcumin-based photolarvicide may be a potential integrated control agent for the Ae. aegypti vector in the larval stage and, consequently, for reducing arbovirus transmission.
Avançando a estimação robusta e confiável de efeitos de tratamento heterogêneos: inovações metodológicas e avaliações críticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-05)
Souto, Hugo Gobato
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Louzada Neto, Francisco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0994050156415890
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6289579571895447
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7039-0572
Context: The robust and reliable estimation of Heterogeneous Treatment Effects (HTEs) is crucial across many scientific disciplines, yet it faces significant methodological challenges including model complexity, confounding, computational burden, and rigorous evaluation practices. Objectives: This thesis aimed to advance the field of HTE estimation by developing and critically evaluating methodologies that enhance the rigor, efficiency, and practical utility of causal inference techniques. Methodological Contributions: The work presents three primary contributions: (1) An empirical validation of the importance of ablation studies for complex nonparametric causal models, specifically examining the Bayesian Causal Forest (BCF) and the role of its propensity score component; (2) The development of the Test-Informed Simulation Count Algorithm (TISCA), a principled approach for determining the necessary number of replications in simulation studies for model evaluation using statistical principles; and (3) The introduction of the Differencein-Differences Bayesian Causal Forest (DiD-BCF), a novel non-parametric estimator for robust causal inference in DiD settings, particularly effectively addressing treatment effect heterogeneity through a Parallel Trends Assumption (PTA)-based reparameterization. Principal Findings: Ablation studies revealed that the propensity score component in BCF is not essential for performance and its omission can reduce computation time by approximately 21%. TISCA was shown to provide statistically justified simulation counts, promoting efficiency and enhancing the credibility of comparative model evaluations. DiDBCF demonstrated considerably superior performance over established benchmarks and uncovering nuanced conditional treatment effects in an empirical application to U.S. minimum wage policy. Overall Conclusion and Implications: This thesis collectively champions a paradigm of increased rigor, efficiency, and nuanced understanding in HTE estimation. It provides researchers with critically evaluated insights and novel tools— ablation study advocacy, a statistically grounded simulation design algorithm, and an advanced non-parametric DiD estimator—to generate more robust, reliable, and actionable causal evidence, thereby strengthening the foundation for evidence-based decision-making across various disciplines.
Formação continuada e adaptações curriculares na escola do/no campo: percepção dos professores dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-05)
Mota, Luciene Sandes
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Pinheiro, Rosa Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6292207464385037
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4910-4842
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4033363551135499
The dissertation Continuing Education and Curriculum Adaptations in Rural Schools: Teachers’ Perceptions in the Early Years of Elementary Education presents the results of a study conducted with teachers working from the 1st to the 5th grade of elementary school. The research was carried out in a municipal institution located in the rural area of Porto Feliz, in the interior of São Paulo state, with the participation of five teachers. A quantitative-qualitative approach was adopted, combining elements of both methodologies to provide a more comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon under investigation. The central aim was to investigate teachers’ perceptions of continuing education and curriculum adaptations implemented to meet the specificities of rural education. The study sought to answer the following question: What are the perceptions of teachers working in the early years of elementary education in a public school located in the rural area of Porto Feliz regarding continuing education and the curriculum adaptations made to address the particularities of rural education? The specific objectives included understanding how continuing education takes place for teachers working in rural schools, focusing on their own perceptions; identifying the need for curriculum adaptations that take into account the unique characteristics of these institutions; and analyzing how the particularities of rural life are perceived and integrated both into the curriculum and into teacher education. The instruments for data collection included: a literature review on Rural Education and continuing teacher education; a questionnaire to obtain preliminary information about participants’ training; narrative interviews; and document analysis. The research findings reveal that the school curriculum is predominantly limited to modifications made by teachers, based on the official curriculum guidelines of the Municipal Department of Education. There is a noticeable lack of opportunities for the effective integration of themes that foster socio-educational practices, which could enhance the value of the traditional knowledge of rural families and their ways of life. In addition, no continuing education programs tailored to the specific needs of teachers working in this context were identified. This scenario highlights a pedagogical organization in rural schools that diverges from the formative demands required to respect local identities. By analyzing the perspectives of teachers in a rural school in Porto Feliz on their professional development and curriculum adaptations, this study provides insights to improve pedagogical practices and to formulate educational public policies that are better suited to the needs of the rural context. By valuing teachers’ experiences as a source of knowledge, it contributes to building a more just and inclusive rural education.
Responsividade e responsabilidade no presidencialismo brasileiro: 1995 a 2022
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-05)
Gregorio, Paulo Cesar dos Santos
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Ribeiro, Pedro José Floriano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6336151484882362
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8669-5795
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2129229489875840
Assuming the premise that political parties expected to implement in government, at least partially, the policies advocated during the electoral campaigns, this dissertation aims to assess the effects of coalition's composition and presidential term length on governing party’s capacity to accommodate the structural tension between responsiveness and responsibility in Brazil. The investigation covers the period from 1995 to 2022, encompassing the administrations of Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, Dilma Rousseff, Michel Temer, and Jair Bolsonaro. A mixed-methods approach is employed, combining qualitative content analysis of party manifestos and televised campaign broadcasts (Horário Gratuito de Propaganda Eleitoral – HGPE) with statistical modeling via Negative Binomial Regression (NB), suitable for discrete and overdispersal data. Six econometric models were estimated: two focusing on the overall frequency of responsive and responsible actions, and four addressing the specific subdimensions of responsibility – namely, social, international, fiscal-political, and other categories. The empirical findings reveal convergent patterns between responsiveness and responsibility, highlighting three key results: (1) presidents serving their first term are less likely to issue normatively justified actions in either dimension, suggesting a pattern of strategic caution; (2) greater coalition cohesion is systematically associated with lower levels of normative production in both dimensions, indicating that more stable arrangements prioritize institutional maintenance over programmatic innovation; and (3) ideological heterogeneity within the governing coalition exerts a positive effect on the volume of justified actions, supporting the hypothesis that plural coalitions require increased normative legitimation efforts by the Executive. These findings suggest that presidential behavior is not solely driven by ideological orientation or public pressure, but rather emerges from a complex institutional architecture involving programmatic bargaining, coordination costs, and adaptive strategies of governance within multiparty contexts.
Entre ecos e dissonâncias: um encontro dialógico entre Vygotsky (1896-1934) e o círculo de Bakhtin (1895-1975)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-06)
Di Camargo Júnior, Ivo
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Zuin, Poliana Bruno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0389350936548546
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8581328922233655
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4259-4711
This dissertation proposes a critical and interdisciplinary dialogue between the theories of Lev Vygotsky and the Bakhtin Circle, aiming to highlight the convergences and tensions that emerge from their respective approaches to language, consciousness, subjectivity, and human development. It is based on the hypothesis that Vygotsky and Bakhtin were mutually acquainted with each other's works, although there is no direct evidence of formal contact between them, as well as they shared intellectual circles in the Soviet Union during the 1920s and 1930s. This shared context may have enabled a meaningful exchange of ideas, particularly regarding language as a social phenomenon and the formation of dialogical consciousness. The historical-cultural analysis developed in this thesis emphasizes the active involvement of both authors in debates on semiotic mediation and social interactions, which enriched their theoretical conceptions and fostered an implicit dialogue within their perspectives. In this regard, the study underscores the centrality of dialogue as a structuring element of consciousness and as a social and psychological mediator in the subject constitution. While grounded in distinct theoretical frameworks, the theories of Vygotsky and the Bakhtin Circle converge in their understanding of discourse as a polyphonic phenomenon and of inner speech as internalized dialogue. Moreover, the thesis deepens the analysis of the relationships among language, culture, and identity, positioning subjectivity as both a product and a producer of social relations. In doing so, it reaffirms the potential of theoretical dialogue between Vygotsky and Bakhtin to inspire renewed reflections on the human condition. Finally, the work highlights the importance of expanding this critical interlocution between the two authors as a means to stimulate contemporary debates in the fields of education, culture, and psychology, contributing to the construction of a critical and emancipatory pedagogy committed to social transformation.
Desejabilidade social e avaliação da empatia em testes de autorrelato: estudo de uma nova escala
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-07)
Toniato, Iuri Livramento
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Miguel, Fabiano Koich
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8404130543685490
The assessment of empathy, an important social skill, often relies on self-report tests, which are vulnerable to social desirability (SD). This bias, characterized by individuals' tendency to respond in socially acceptable ways, can distort responses and compromise the accuracy of results, especially in empathy measures. This study examined the impact of SD on the assessment of empathy using the Online Empathy Questionnaire (QoE) and tested a new scale format (QoE-2B), focused on the frequency of empathic behaviors, aiming to minimize this bias. Participants included 1,005 individuals, who responded to versions of the traditional Likert scale (QoE-2A) or the newly proposed scale (QoE-2B), as well as the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (EDSMC-20) and the Big Five Inventory 2 (BFI-2-S). The results indicated that the QoE-2A showed a positive and significant correlation with the DS (r=0.35, p<0.01), while the QoE-2B showed no significant correlation with the DS (r=−0.01). Regarding personality traits, the QoE-2A correlated as expected with the BFI (e.g., Agreeableness, r=0.67), while the QoE-2B showed no significant correlation with any of the BFI dimensions. We conclude that the new scale format (QoE-2B) is promising in mitigating social desirability bias, offering a potentially more reliable assessment of empathy and raising questions about the different aspects that each format can measure.
Caracterização química e proposta de recuperação de elementos nobres de lixo eletrônico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-07)
Ferreira, Dennis da Silva
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Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0608-0278
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3294810916143870
This thesis addresses the issue of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE), an environmental challenge and an opportunity for urban mining. Globally, 62 million tons were generated in 2022, with only 22.3% recycled, despite containing an estimated value of US$91 billion in metals such as Au, Ag, Cu, and Sn. Given this scenario, the objective of this thesis was to develop and propose a sustainable approach for the chemical characterization and selective recovery of these metals from printed circuit boards (PCBs). The characterization methodology prioritized direct analytical methods to minimize sample preparation and the risk of contamination. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) techniques were used, with complex spectral data being processed by chemometric tools and computational routines developed for this purpose. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was fundamental for exploratory analysis and for generating hyperspectral images, which allowed the spatial distribution of elements in the samples to be visualized. In addition, strategies for merging LIBS and ED-XRF data with regression models such as MLPCR and ECPR were explored to improve quantification. For metal recovery, a hydrometallurgical route was developed, a more sustainable alternative to traditional pyrometallurgical processes because it operates at temperatures below 100 °C and avoids the formation of hazardous by-products such as dioxins and furans. The method consisted of a sequential leaching process, whose most efficient and environmentally friendly sequence was: i) Cu leaching with HNO3; ii) Sn extraction with HCl; and iii) co-extraction of Ag and Au with an I2/KI solution. The main innovation was the application of LIBS combined with hyperspectral imaging as a real-time process control tool. This approach allowed the efficiency of each leaching step to be monitored quickly, economically, and with spatial resolution. Spatial analysis confirmed the uniformity of extraction, overcoming the limitation of conventional methods that only provide average concentrations. The results, validated by the ICP OES reference technique, confirmed the effectiveness of the process, with recovery rates of 100% for Cu and Ag, 97% for Sn, and 86% for Au. This thesis, therefore, validates a viable technological route for urban mining, promoting the circular economy and offering a sustainable solution for the recovery of electronic waste, with potential application on an industrial scale.
A mulher virgem entre estabilizações e deslocamentos: análise de discursos sobre a virgindade feminina em romances de época e suas fanfictions
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-08)
Amorim, Aline Oliveira
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Baronas, Roberto Leiser
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613001301744682
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0758-0370
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7517620598701345
This paper aims to reflect on virginity as a topic relevant to gender discussions. To this end, we have narrowed the theme down to discourses produced in “Os Bridgertons” (2013-2016), a collection of eight historical romance novels set in the British regency period, and fan fiction derived from this canonical material. Theoretically affiliated with the theoretical-methodological device of materialist Discourse Analysis (DA), we mobilize the concepts of discursive subject, interdiscourse and intradiscourse, conditions of production, discursive formation, paraphrase, and polysemy. The corpus of analysis covers twelve excerpts in total, six from “Os Bridgertons” (2013-2016) collection and six from fanfiction in English and Portuguese available in digital form on multifandom websites. With this, we aim to investigate the tension between stabilization and displacement, in the books of the collection and in the fanfictions derived from them, of effects of meaning on female virginity sustained by different conditions of production. The theoretical-methodological device of Discourse Analysis enabled us to arrive at the reading that, in the aforementioned corpus, there is a predominance of paraphrastic processes, that is, of stabilization, with regard to the theme of female virginity, as well as the virgin woman and her first sexual intercourse.
O uso da gamificação para despertar o interesse e engajamento dos estudantes em sala de aula
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-08)
Felizindo, Eliude de Lima
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Sousa, Maria do Carmo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6637658562543505
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5523-757X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6248072063375609
In this study, gamification is conceptualized as a strategy for facilitating the acquisition of knowledge in Geography. The research aims to examine how, in classroom settings, the use of gamification as an instructional tool can foster students’ interest and engagement, supporting active and guided knowledge construction that integrates both theoretical content and practical application. The central research question guiding this study is: how can gamification stimulate interest and engagement among 12th-grade students in a Geography lesson on Morphoclimatic Domains? A qualitative methodology was adopted, focusing on the analysis of complex educational phenomena within their natural contexts, with particular attention to the construction and interpretation of data. The phenomenon under investigation concerns the ways in which students’ interest and engagement emerge in the classroom and how these dimensions can be enhanced through intentional pedagogical practices such as gamification. As part of a Professional Master’s program in Education, this dissertation involved the development of an Educational Product in the form of a game titled Dom – Morphoclimatic Domains, designed as a classroom instructional tool to address the study’s central research question. A questionnaire, created via Google Forms, was administered to assess students’ interest and engagement during the lesson in which the game was implemented. The study was conducted in a public school located on the coast of São Paulo state, Brazil. The findings indicate that gamification functioned effectively as an instructional tool, promoting students’ interest and engagement in the construction of geographic knowledge, while underscoring the importance of careful planning and intentional implementation. Despite challenges related to internet access on school-provided devices, students demonstrated motivation and willingness to participate in the activity. It is therefore concluded that gamification can serve as an effective instructional strategy for enhancing the interest and engagement of 12th-grade students, contributing to the meaningful construction of geographic knowledge, particularly in the context of Morphoclimatic Domains.
Expressões idiomáticas do português sob a perspectiva da Gramática Discursivo-Funcional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-08)
Silva, Diogo Oliveira da
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Stassi-Sé, Joceli Catarina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1314068157460143
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7847-4247
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3065245326381138
The general aim of this thesis is to investigate, in light of the Functional Discourse Grammar (FDG) (Hengeveld; Mackenzie, 2008) and studies by Keizer (2016, 2018), the semantic-cognitive status of idiomatic expressions (IEs) in Portuguese, using, as guiding principles, motivation, for a cognitive analysis, and compositionality, for a morphosyntactic analysis, in order to define degrees of transparency and opacity of IEs, with the purpose of proposing a typology of IEs for Portuguese. To achieve this aim, based on Keizer (2016, 2018), a set of fourteen morphosyntactic variation criteria is applied, namely: lexical substitution, adjectival modification, quantification, number, definiteness, passivization, nominalization, anaphoric reference, cataphoric reference, insertion of adverbs, insertion of pronouns, inversion of the preferred order, elision of a fixed term and possibility of conversion to imperative mode. From an initial compilation of IEs already included in dictionaries (Riva, 2009; Silva, 1997; Almeida, 2022), data collection took place, which took into account the Reference Corpus of Contemporary Portuguese (2016), written records from the web and constructed data. In view of this universe of research, the specific aims sought are: (i) to verify how the speaker's extra cognitive effort process functions, involved in the reanalysis of IEs; (ii) to check the IEs according to the alignment among the Interpersonal, Representational and Morphosyntactic levels of the FDG; and (iii) to determine how the violation of the one-to-one relationship between form and meaning of the constituent elements of the IEs occurs (Leufkens, 2015). After applying the criteria, performing the cognitive and morphosyntactic analysis of the occurrences, verifying their degree of transparency and the alignment among the levels of the model, it was possible to identify, in Portuguese, in addition to the four types of IEs found in English by Keizer (2016), a new typology, comprising the following set: (i) unmotivated and non-decomposable; (ii) motivated and non-decomposable; (iii) motivated and decomposable; (iv) AD-HOC expressions, with specific use; and the last type, (v) partially motivated by conceptual metaphors and decomposable ones. In addition to identifying this fifth type of IE in Portuguese, this research also adds to Keizer's (2016) discussion of cases of AD-HOC IEs, involving discontinuity and context dependence, and attests to the applicability of the set of primitives CombPIF – Combination of partially instantiated frames (Keizer, 2016), now with results in IEs of Lusophone varieties of Portuguese, which can contribute to expanding research horizons on the metaphorical interpretation of IEs in light of the FDG.
Das extremidades da condição humana à moral existencialista: ambiguidade em Simone de Beauvoir (1944-1947)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-08)
Motta, Lucas Joaquim da
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Moutinho, Luiz Damon Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9475267722538751
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3740493609654132
Au sens philosophique, la morale existentialiste de Simone de Beauvoir part du fait que les libertés sont séparées les unes des autres pour évoquer la possibilité de les concilier à partir des aspects ambigus de l’existence humaine; et, au sens littéraire, cette morale acquiert de la force à mesure que sont exposées les situations vécues par l’ensemble des personnages des romans de Beauvoir et la difficulté d’assumer ces aspects en même temps. Dans la relation entre ces deux sens, afin de mieux comprendre ce que Beauvoir appelle la « période morale » de sa carrière littéraire – période qui commence dans la décennie la plus prolifique de l’auteure sur le plan intellectuel, à savoir les années 1940, après le début de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, au moment même où sa philosophie conçoit une conjuration strictement éthico-politique face à cette crise historique –, l’objectif est d'aborder ce que Beauvoir présente comme les ambiguïtés de cette condition, c'est-à-dire en quoi consiste le drame de l’existence qui, dans son individualité, se situe avec l’autre. Il convient donc de souligner que, conformément à la circonscription proposée, nous analyserons la manière dont Beauvoir revendique les termes liberté et facticité, définis dans sa ligne de pensée respective – l’existentialisme – et constitutifs de ces relations ambiguës, afin d'étudier pourquoi les conditions humaines, bien que contingentes au départ, peuvent être réalisées et dépassées concrètement par la liberté elle-même, leur conférant un sens justifiable: c'est ce mouvement qui les fonde comme authentiques, c'est alors que leur ambiguïté fondamentale est assumée, selon Beauvoir. Il s'agit donc d’une introduction à l’intérêt de la philosophe pour la question morale et à sa relation avec les extrêmes constitutifs de ces conditions, afin de démontrer l’itinéraire par lequel ils intègrent chaque situation vécue, qui se situe entre la liberté, en tant que para-rien, et la facticité, car la liberté est ancrée dans l’être, dans son pays, son sexe, son âge, son époque, sa famille, son éducation, son économie, etc. – la donnée à transcender. À partir de là, on comprend lambiguïté comme méthode de la morale existentialiste de Beauvoir elle-même – et, dans une large mesure, de toute sa philosophie.
Língua e identidade de jovens imigrantes: crianças que cruzaram fronteiras Japão - Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-08)
Uchigasaki, Ruchia
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Yokota, Rosa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9230517686993400
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5535904199847650
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Iwakami, Laura Tey
This thesis investigates the relationship between language and identity among young Japanese-Brazilians who grew up in transit between Japan and Brazil, experiencing multilingual contexts throughout their childhood and adolescence. In this sense, the general objective of the research is to analyze, based on the narratives of the collaborators, how the experience with plurilingual linguistic practices influenced their life trajectories and the construction of their identities. In order to achieve this objective, the research is based on the following guiding questions: (1) how were the linguistic environment and (self)recognition in the two languages (Portuguese/Japanese) configured by the collaborators in a situation of mobility between Japan and Brazil?; (2) what relationships can be established between living in a plurilingual environment and/or mobility and the choice of academic and professional path?; (3) how do the experiences of mobility and contact with different languages relate to the identity constitution of these subjects? The theoretical basis is based on the approaches to plurilingual linguistic competence by Coste, Moore and Zarate (2009), the theory of situated learning by Lave and Wenger (1991), the conceptions of relative and variable identity proposed by Block (2007) and Norton (2013), as well as the concept of “children who cross borders” by Kawakami (2010). This is therefore a qualitative, interpretivist study which uses narrative research methodology, focusing on life history and lived experience, prioritizing understanding and the construction of meanings based on the participants' accounts. The results indicate that the collaborators had partial, complementary, unbalanced and dynamic plurilingual skills, which were manifested through strategic communicative practices in everyday life. The language experiences in Portuguese and Japanese enabled them to become aware of their own language skills, which was strongly linked to how they were perceived by others in different social contexts. This perception directly influenced the use and learning of languages, as well as decisions related to university education, career choice and the development of life projects. Therefore, the analysis shows that the subjects construct their identities in constant negotiation with the cultural and linguistic contexts in which they are inserted, demonstrating that mobility and plurilingualism play a fundamental role in the constitution of the self in the present and in the projection of the future.
Efeitos da Dopagem Aliovalente com Ba+2 no sistema Bi5Ti3FeO15: estrutura de defeitos e influência nas propriedades ferroicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-08)
Barbosa, Vitor
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Zabotto, Fabio Luis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8828635263888498
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1452255906339495
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Motta, Maycon
Multiferroic systems have attracted increasing attention because they allow the coexis tence of properties such as ferroelectricity and magnetism in a single material. Among them, Bi5Ti3FeO15 (BFT4), a member of the four-layer Aurivillius family composed of perovskite blocks interspersed with fluorite-like layers, stands out for exhibiting multiferroicity at room temperature. Consequently, the search for structural modification strategies at the atomic level has intensified in recent years, aiming to understand and control the physical behavior of these materials. In this work, we investigate the effects of alliovalent substitution of Bi3+ by Ba2+ in the BFT4 system, focusing on understanding how local distortions and changes in the defect structure influence its electrical and ferroic properties. Samples with different atomic substitution contents (0,0%, 0,6%, 3,0%, and 4,0%) were sintered via solid-state reaction and characterized by X-ray diffraction, dilatometry, impedance spectroscopy, ferroelectric hysteresis measurements, and magnetometry. From a structural point of view, Ba2+ incorporation was shown to be viable up to approximately 4%. Crystallographic refinement revealed a preferential redistribution of barium ions between the fluorite and perovskite layers, with an increasing tendency to occupy the perovskite as the doping level increased. This behavior was associated both with the relief of the internal strain generated by the mismatch between the layers and with an increased concentration of defects in this region. As the barium content increased, a progressive symmetrization of the structure was observed, accompanied by a reduction in spontaneous polarization, partially compensated by cationic disorder, and a gradual decrease in the paraelectric-ferroelectric transition temperature. As predicted by the charge compensation mechanism, impedance spectroscopy measurements indicated a progressive increase in the concentration of oxygen vacancies, reflected in the increased ionic conductivity of the system. These defects showed a strong impact on the ferroelectric behavior, acting as domain pinning centers, as evidenced by the P–E curves and dielectric responses. Finally, the nature of the magnetic interactions, predicted by the antisymmetric exchange interaction, proved sensitive to the structural modifications induced by doping, since symmetrization favored the modulation of the magnetic properties. In summary, the results demonstrate that Ba2+ doping constitutes an effective route for engineering the ferroic properties of BFT4, through both structural distortions and controlled creation of defects, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of the multiferroicity in this system.
Modelagem de dados de sobrevivência induzida por fragilidade discreta via versão hurdle da distribuição série de potência zero-modificada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-11)
Molina, Katy Rocio Cruz
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Tomazella, Vera Lucia Damasceno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8870556978317000
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8820054149005701
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2614-2336
Modeling unobserved heterogeneity in survival analysis traditionally relies on frailty models. However, their conventional architecture, based on continuous distributions, is often restrictive in contexts exhibiting a structural cure fraction. To address this limitation, this thesis proposes an innovative discrete frailty model based on the Hurdle Zero-Modified Generalized Poisson (HZMGP) distribution. The proposed model is distinguished by a multifaceted architecture that provides three key advantages: its discrete nature offers a natural representation of cured individuals (zero frailty); its zero-modification structure flexibly accommodates diverse patterns of zeros (inflated, deflated, or truncated); and its inclusion of a dispersion parameter captures variability arising from latent risk factors. Inference for the model was developed and validated under both frequentist and Bayesian paradigms. Extensive simulation studies in both frameworks confirmed the estimators' asymptotic properties and, crucially, demonstrated the model's flexibility to accurately capture scenarios both with and without a cure fraction. The model's utility and versatility are ultimately demonstrated through its application to two contrasting oncology datasets, validating its relevance for clinical practice. Furthermore, the Bayesian framework yielded two of the thesis's most significant contributions: a probabilistic classification rule for individual prognostic stratification, and a novel conceptual interpretation of the dispersion parameter as a statistical proxy for unobserved biological heterogeneity. These advances represent a significant contribution to the analysis of complex survival data.