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Perfil sensorial de crianças com Síndrome de Down na perspectiva dos familiares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-20)
Casotti, Jamilli Melo
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Agnelli Martinez, Luciana Bolzan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6769528949964873
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0873-9806
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8625495205954613
Children with Down Syndrome (DS) or Trisomy 21 (T21) present significant delays in neuropsychomotor development, thus suffering from multifactorial interferences such as intellectual deficit, physical, behavioral, social, and sensory alterations. All these interferences can directly or indirectly impact their participation in occupations. Among these interferences, sensory issues are shown to be an important factor impacting good occupational engagement. It is known that for a child to participate in their occupations, their Central Nervous System needs to organize the sensory information received from the environment and their own body, and then plan and execute effective actions so that they can interact in their different contexts. This process is called "Sensory Integration." When this process does not occur as expected, a condition of Sensory Dysfunction arises, which interferes with the child's engagement and occupational repertoire. Initial research highlights atypical sensory processing profiles in children with Down syndrome; however, the need for further studies to deepen this understanding is evident. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the sensory profile of children with Down syndrome, aged 3 to 12 years, from the perspective of their families, and to identify if there is a prevalence of a sensory processing pattern in this population. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, exploratory study with a quantitative approach. The research was conducted in person at a private service in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, and remotely via the Google Meet platform. The standardized instrument "Sensory Profile-2 of the Child," in its translated and transculturally adapted version for Brazilian children and adolescents, was used. The research indicated a sensory performance different from their peers, mainly in the "movement processing" sensory section, but differences in responses can be observed in other sensory sections such as visual, tactile, vestibular, oral, and auditory processing. In the "Seeking Stimulation" quadrant, a different sensory processing pattern compared to their peers was also observed, with responses such as "more or much more than others" prevailing. In the behavioral section, the response alternative "like most others" prevailed for the three categories evaluated (conduct, socio-emotional, and attentional), however, there were also responses different from their peers, highlighting the importance of discussing the impact of unexpected performance on the behavior of children with Down syndrome. The findings of this research corroborate data from other studies and strengthen the evidence related to the sensory profile of children with Down syndrome, especially when analyzing the sections of the first part of the instrument, regarding the sensory processing of each system, which can interfere with activities of daily living such as hygiene, dressing, eating, among other aspects, thus potentially disrupting family routines. Children with Down syndrome may present different responses in sensory processing compared to their peers, which can interfere with engagement in daily occupations and their various contexts, thus requiring targeted strategies to achieve success in their participation.
Práticas de gestão democrática em escolas inovadoras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-20)
Santos, Alex Sandro Lucas dos
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Conti, Celso Luiz Aparecido
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6967887143687279
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8811885766846499
;
Mesquita, Delma Lúcia de
This thesis investigates the interfaces between democratic management practices and school innovations in public basic education institutions in Brazil. The main objective was to analyze democratic management practices in order to assess their effects on pedagogical and curricular innovation, fostering a more inclusive and participatory environment. The research adopts a qualitative approach, grounded in content analysis. For data collection, semi-structured interviews were conducted with teachers, staff, coordinators, and principals from two schools recognized as innovative by the Programa de Estímulo à Criatividade e Inovação na Educação Básica (PECEB). The categories of analysis were defined a priori, in dialogue with the theoretical framework and research objectives: Democratic Management, Curricular Innovation, Community Participation, and School Climate/Methodologies. The results indicate that democratic management, supported by collegial bodies such as School Councils, Student Unions, and Parent-Teacher Associations, is essential for the implementation of pedagogical innovations. These innovations, in turn, foster an education that is more contextualized and adapted to local needs, expanding the autonomy of school agents and strengthening the school’s role as a mediator between the community and global knowledge. The study also identified challenges related to the sustainability of innovative practices, highlighting the importance of student protagonism and school leadership in consolidating meaningful changes. Finally, it suggests that educational policies should prioritize the integration between democratic management and curricular innovation to promote high-quality public education aligned with the principles of equity and social development.
Trajetória insubmissa, memória insurgente: guiança de uma mestra das culturas populares nos caminhos da educação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-20)
Santos, Vanessa Soares dos
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Mendonça, Viviane Melo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4827331651090223
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1368-1883
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3246736350631762
This thesis is dedicated to understanding how the experiences, practices, and knowledge of Ana Maria Carvalho — a Black woman and guardian of Afro-Brazilian popular culture — announce conceptions of education that transcend the limits of formal schooling and affirm themselves as formative practices rooted in the body, the territory, spirituality, affection, and collectivity. The research emerges from attentive listening and living alongside the mestra, adopting oral history as its central methodology and weaving it together with Afro-diasporic, Black feminist, and decolonial theoretical frameworks to reflect on educational processes in dialogue with traditional Afro-Brazilian cultures. Anchored in the pedagogy of enchantment and guided by the principles of critical and liberating pedagogy (bell hooks, Paulo Freire), as well as by the epistemologies of the sensorial and the crossroads (Luiz Rufino, Luiz Antônio Simas, Leda Maria Martins), this research proposes an expanded understanding of education. To conceive it as wandering, as a viandança, as a crossing between knowledges, bodies, times, and territories, is also to recognize it as a practice of resistance, reinvention, and belonging. Oral tradition, memory, the body, ritual, and song emerge here as epistemological foundations that challenge colonial logics and affirm alternative ways of producing and sharing knowledge — ways that persist in the histories of Black women and popular cultures, as guardians of life and wisdom. The trajectory of Mestra Ana Maria is not understood as an isolated experience but as part of a communal and ancestral network that produces knowledge through oraliture, performance, and everyday living. This work recognizes the pedagogical value of cultural practices — embroidery, singing, drumming, dancing — as living pedagogies that resist epistemicide and mobilize Afro-diasporic cosmoperceptions rooted in belonging, affection, enchantment, and the struggle for social justice. Interweaving memory, body, spirituality, and politics, this thesis affirms the urgency of repositioning education as a loving, collective, and insurgent practice, inspired by Black feminist epistemologies, decolonial pedagogies, and ancestral Afro-Brazilian wisdoms. Along this path, it proposes the idea of education as viandança: a journey made in circles, in movement, in listening, in song, and in the constant reinvention of the meanings of world and community, as a continuous reaffirmation of life. By highlighting the community-based and traditional educational practices of Black women, especially of the mestras of popular culture, this research expands the reflections on counter- hegemonic and decolonial epistemologies, reaffirming the centrality of historically silenced knowledge in building futures that are more just, sensitive, and plural. This is, therefore, a work that defends education as a territory of enchantment, of struggle, and of love — as a space where it is possible to weave, with dignity and beauty, the existences that, for so long, have continued inventing new ways of affirming life.
Resistência e alianças na extensão rural: etnobiografia de Miqueas Marques de Lima
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-20)
Alves, Gabriela
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Villela, Jorge Luiz Mattar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8301325600502054
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3831195315433087
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Pereira, Renan
Focusing on the life trajectory of Miqueas Marques de Lima - a young family farmer, as he prefers to be called - who currently inhabits, organizes, and politically represents the Sepé Tiaraju Settlement, located in the municipality of Serra Azul, in the interior of São Paulo State, this dissertation takes - as a point of departure - life in its formative process: that which often remains outside analytical frameworks. Rather than adopting a distanced view of the countryside as structure, I propose a sensitive approach to the rural as lived experience, biographical and shaped by marks that precede the conquest of land and shape the ways in which that conquest is understood and continually updated. By following Miqueas’s accounts from the time of encampment, I sought to listen not only to what he does today, but to what led him nowadays - the black tarpaulins, the displacements, the silences and gestures that, even before the plot of land, already outlined the contours of a struggling man. In a life context marked by technical and bureaucratic apparatuses, one must ask: what alliances, networks, and translations are required to make the countryside not merely a space of labor, but a territory of existence, dignity, and future? And further, how does the experience with rural extension become, for Miqueas, not a means of leaving his farmer condition, but rather a way of building his own permanence, deepening his voice, and constructing political representation? By thinking of rural extension as a means, I argue that technique emerges as a possibility for continuity - not in opposition to farmer knowledge, but as a space of composition, translation, and mediation. It is in this intersection of memory, territory, technique, and knowledge that Miqueas’s trajectory is inscribed, in which his process of becoming a technician does not sever his condition as a young farmer; instead, it intensifies his capacity to claim, represent, and sustain the ways of life he upholds - for himself and for his collective. His work thus becomes part of a broader movement of voice-deepening, a concept I develop to understand the ways in which he articulates knowledge, institutions, and partnerships in building a form of representation that produces not only visibility, but also agency over his territory and the worlds being forged within it. I argue that life in and of the countryside is inseparable from the ways in which the knowledge that sustains it is constructed - and it is in this collective and relational construction that this dissertation seeks to explore. As this concerns the writing of a life, I chose ethnobiography as an analytical and methodological key, and as an ethnographic exercise to understand how an individual trajectory is woven through collectivities, networks, institutions, and struggles. It is also a way of recognizing that the making of a person - a “character-person” (Gonçalves et al., 2012) - is a continuous process of composition with territory, with relationships, institutions, and alliances that make life possible. This choice is grounded in the conviction that telling Miqueas’s life is not merely to record his path, but to accompany how he narrates and inscribes it in the world, converting his biography into a terrain of struggle, of knowledge translation, and of claiming.
Análise de fragilidade ambiental como subsídio para a gestão da Bacia do rio Alambari, região de Botucatu (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-21)
Volpi, Tomás Carvalhaes
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Arruda, Emerson Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3883710507177933
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3695-3850
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4365262868126267
The Alambari River Basin is located in the municipalities of Botucatu, Anhembi, and Bofete, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Originating in the Western Paulista Plateau, its drainage crosses the Botucatu Cuesta, extends through the Peripheral Depression, and flows into the Tietê River at the Barra Bonita reservoir. The geomorphology of this region has been the subject of classic studies in Brazilian geography and contributes unique features to the landscape and environmental dynamics. This study is based on a systemic theoretical framework and uses the empirical methodology of environmental fragility, supported by Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The predominant land cover and use types are pastures, forest formations, and silviculture. High environmental fragility prevails, with soil erosion identified as the main environmental issue. There is a clear need for enforcement and restoration of preservation areas, improvements in agricultural management, and incentives for agroecological systems.
Lógica financeira e transformações no campo de abastecimento de água e esgotamento sanitário no Brasil: uma análise a partir das trajetórias das elites empresariais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-21)
Bizzetto, Henrique Melo
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Candido, Silvio Eduardo Alvarez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0194644249955417
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5275-6577
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3914815616597906
The field of water supply and sanitation service providers in Brazil initially emerged under state dominance, an arrangement that prevailed until the 2000s. However, the field has undergone a true transformation in its dynamics, with the implementation of corporate control models and conceptions driven by financial logic, alongside the consolidation of private companies in the sector. This study proposes that the financialization of the economy and a business management model centered on generating shareholder value are key elements. It aims to understand how this model influences the business elites involved and transforms the existing structures within the sector. The study focuses on the period from 2013 to 2023, using a case study of business elites based on company revenue, including two companies controlled by the State until 2023 (SABESP and COPASA-MG) and two private sector companies (AEGEA and BRK). Methodologically, this is qualitative research grounded in the principles of abductive analysis, seeking to confront empirical data with the theoretical approach of Fligstein (1990), particularly his concept of “conception of corporate control” and its transformations. Data collection relied on historical research, legislation, financial reports, corporate records, and executive résumés, all used to build a connected narrative with the theory that explains the identified phenomena. The most important findings reveal that state regulatory conceptions aimed at attracting private investment have encouraged arrangements between the sector’s major companies and the financial field, bringing private elites into the sanitation sector. The state-controlled companies moved toward the capital markets, and their management models quickly aligned with the “best practices” of corporate governance and shareholder value creation. The private companies, in turn, initially approached the financial field to enter the sector, but now simultaneously use public financing tools and adopt financialized control practices that fluctuate in intensity depending on their closeness to the financial field.
Expressão e atividade da ADAM10, um biomarcador sérico da doença de Alzheimer, e de suas formas em diferentes frações de células semelhantes a neurônios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-21)
Alexandre-Silva, Vanessa
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Cominetti, Márcia Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3725318894555272
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7394577180374214
With the global increase in life expectancy, cases of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a progressive neurodegeneration associated with cognitive, behavioral, and functional impairments, are also rising. Its main pathophysiological hallmarks are hyperphosphorylated tau protein, which forms intracellular tangles, and β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide, which aggregates extracellularly into amyloid plaques. AD is classified into a biological form (in which biomarkers are present but symptoms are absent) and a clinical form (in which both pathology and deficits are observed). Biomarkers are essential tools for early detection, diagnosis, and treatment evaluation, especially in the early stages of the disease. The most used biomarkers are imaging-based or measure Aβ and tau levels in cerebrospinal fluid, but these methods have limitations, making blood-based biomarkers a promising alternative. ADAM10, the main α-secretase responsible for non-amyloidogenic cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP), has been studied as a potential serum biomarker for AD. Our data show that its soluble form has low activity in plasma. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the expression and activity of ADAM10 forms in cellular fractions to determine the relationship between the protein’s localization and activity. For this, SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were differentiated into neuron-like cells and fractionated into portions containing proteins from the extracellular medium (FS), plasma membrane and cytoplasm (FC), organelle membranes (FM), and nucleus (FN). The protein expression and enzymatic activity of the soluble (sADAM10, cleaved by ADAM9), mature (mADAM10), and immature (proADAM10) forms of ADAM10 were assessed in each fraction. Our results show that sADAM10, located in the extracellular environment, has low activity compared to mADAM10, anchored to the plasma membrane, in neuron-like cells. Additionally, we observed that ADAM9 is predominantly expressed in axons of neurons in mouse brain sections. These findings contribute to a better understanding of ADAM10 biology and support its continued development as a blood-based biomarker for AD.
O Problema de Specht para T-ideais de álgebras de Lie sobre corpos de característica positiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-21)
Rodriguez, Edgardo Bladimir Aguirre
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Gonçalves, Dimas José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1668407948840456
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7584-357X
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3812821381549135
Given an algebra, one may ask whether the T-ideal of its polynomial identities is finitely generated. This question, formulated in 1950, is known as the Specht Problem, and it already has an answer in some cases—for instance, when the algebra is associative. For Lie algebras, the problem remains open when the field has characteristic zero, and a first counterexample was given by Vaughan-Lee in the case of characteristic 2. In this dissertation, we present a result by the mathematician Vesselin Drensky, which exhibits T-ideals that are not finitely generated in the free Lie algebra over any field of positive characteristic.
Qualidade de vida do paciente oncológico: contribuições das estratégias de enfrentamento e da inteligência emocional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-21)
Pereira, Fillipe Rodrigues Santos
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Miguel, Fabiano Koich
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8404130543685490
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2498-692X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8181323196312550
The psychosocial impact of cancer on quality of life makes it crucial to understand the role of resources such as coping strategies and emotional intelligence. This study investigates the interaction mechanism between these constructs. The aim was to refine the Escala de Estratégias de Enfrentamento para Pacientes Oncológicos and examine a model in which coping mediates the relationship between emotional intelligence and quality of life. A first psychometric study (N = 791), using exploratory structural equation modeling, found evidence of validity for a 12-item version of the scale (χ² (42) = 114.50, p < .001; CFI = .95; TLI = .92; RMSEA = .052 (90% CI [.039, .066]); SRMR = .036). A second study (N = 56) applied the Escala de Estratégias de Enfrentamento para Pacientes Oncológicos, the Questionário On-line de Regulação Emocional, and the Quality of Life Questionnaire Core, analyzing the data through regression and mediation analyses. The mediation analysis was the central finding, demonstrating a significant indirect effect: emotional regulation influenced quality of life exclusively through its positive impact on coping strategies (R² = .30). This finding elucidates a processual mechanism, indicating that emotional regulation is a distal resource that enables coping (a proximal resource). Therefore, interventions should focus on applying emotional skills to coping behaviors to effectively improve patients' quality of life.
A verticalização do ensino no eixo de recursos naturais do IFSP - campus Barretos: potencialidades e resistências
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-22)
Souza, Ivan Pollarini Marques de
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Santos, Maria Cristina dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1095065753077001
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3130-9433
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2839019983811822
Verticalisation and integration are fundamental assumptions of the education offered by Federal Institutes. However, the concept of verticalisation, as well as its organisation and potential in education, is not well defined. Thus, through this research, based on the contributions of polytechnic training and the school of work, developed by Soviet thinkers and Gramsci, we sought to define the conceptual understandings of verticalisation contained in internal documents related to the technological axis of Natural Resources at IFSP-Campus Barretos, as well as in internal documents related to the Campus itself and IFSP. To this end, the concepts contained in the specific literature on the subject were defined in order to present possible clarifications in the different understandings of the concept. Furthermore, contributed directly to the development of a broad concept of verticalisation, which presents it as linked to the fundamentals of omnilateral, integral and polytechnic training of workers, as well as understanding its organisation in the pedagogical and administrative-managerial dimensions, and assumes the possibility of the occurrence of verticalised training both externally and internally to the institution, in the search for the formation of a new ruling class. Based on these concepts, and on the contribution to the conceptual development itself, the institutional documents were analysed from the perspective of Historical-Dialectical Materialism, based on the analysis of the context. The selection of documents took place both internally and externally to the Campus, where internal documents were selected between 2010 and 2023, beginning with the founding of the IFSP-Campus Barretos. Specifically, for documents internal to the technological axis of training in Natural Resources, documents issued between 2017 and 2023 were selected, since this period included the opening of higher education in Agronomy, which guaranteed the basic condition for the verticalisation of the axis studied and culminated at the end of the 2019-2023 Institutional Development Plan period. Through analysis, a narrow understanding of verticalisation was evident in the internal documents of the Campus and the Axis. At the same time, the deterioration of the concepts of integration and verticalisation in the documents over time was demonstrated. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that conceptual deterioration occurs at an accelerated rate in documents prepared by the rector's office from 2022 onwards, transforming verticalisation into a synonym for simplified training, based on the use of knowledge obtained in technical courses at secondary level as equivalent to higher education knowledge. Internally within the axis, although the conception of verticalisation contained in the documents is narrow, the occurrence of verticalisation in the Natural Resources axis is evident, with internal and external training courses taking place on campus. In addition, actions linked to the pedagogical dimension that could potentially promote internal verticalisation within the axis studied were identified and characterised. It is hoped that this research will enrich the debate on verticalisation, its potential and its impact on the training of the working class, preferably that linked to the precepts of polytechnic training.
Análise geomorfológica e ambiental da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Tatuí
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-22)
Machado Junior, Claudio
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Arruda, Emerson Martins
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3883710507177933
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3695-3850
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5636461619698981
This work is an environmental geomorphology research that was based on the geomorphological analysis of the Tatuí River Watershed, located in the southeastern portion of the state of São Paulo between the municipalities of Tatuí, Itapetininga, Guareí, and Quadra. In addition to the geomorphological analysis elaborated from the identification of landform patterns, the research also addressed the main environmental impacts that occur in the watershed, integrating them into the analysis of Environmental Fragility. The methodology used in this work was based on theoretical references from Geomorphology and Geography, dealing with the taxonomic classification and levels of approach to relief. The Systemic Approach was chosen as the conceptual foundation for the problematization and interpretation of the observed data. The adopted methodology comprises the set of techniques and procedures applied during the analysis, serving as a basis for conducting the research. There was a bibliographic review of the theme, elaboration of thematic maps, and fieldwork. As a result, it was found that in the referred watershed there are 5 (five) units, whose diverse characteristics are, in general, related to the different rocks found in its territory. Furthermore, the lithological contacts themselves impose conditions on the action of the area's drainage network, establishing different levels of dissection. Structural aspects, such as faults and diabase dikes, also influence the regional relief and, consequently, the landscape of the basin. Allied to these characteristics, different activities related to land use were observed in the Tatuí River Watershed, focusing on elements related to the urban area, the impact of soil sealing and surface runoff, which frequently result in flood events and mass movements.
Invariantes de germes singulares e poliedros de Newton
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-22)
Melo, Olavo Queiroga de
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Okamoto, Bruna Oréfice
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6824383277098012
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2251-0020
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8489997710929648
In this project, we study the relation between the Milnor number of an analytic function at an isolated singular point and its Newton polyhedron.
Alteração no zoneamento rural e de chácaras urbanas: estudo de caso da revisão do plano diretor de Sorocaba de 2014, sob a ótica da gestão das águas.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-22)
Correa, Denise Martins
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Santos, André Cordeiro Alves dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2131880667704281
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4293842139580994
;
Lanças, Sandra Yukari Shirata
The preservation and qualification of rural areas and small farms (chácaras) is of utmost importance for the proper management of water resources, avoiding or minimizing problems caused by water scarcity or excess, which tend to worsen with climate change. Urban policy in Brazil, established in 1988 by the Federal Constitution and regulated in 2001 by the City Statute, provides instruments to guide land use and occupation in municipalities and is based on the municipal master plan for urban development. The present study aims to investigate the change in zoning in rural areas and urban farms in the municipality of Sorocaba, following the review of the municipal master plan in 2014. The methodology was divided into three stages, according to the specific objectives: a) to identify, quantify, and qualify the altered areas through comparative analysis between the zoning and environmental macrozoning maps from the 2007 and 2014 revisions, using QGIS and Excel software; b) to investigate the criteria for the changes through documentary and comparative analysis between Municipal Laws 8,181/2007 and 11,022/2014, qualitative analysis of the administrative process of the 2014 review, and analysis of the local media by searching for the descriptor “master plan” in the digital collection of Jornal Cruzeiro do Sul from 2014; and c) to investigate changes in land use and occupation that occurred in the territory through the analysis of historical maps on Google Earth. A significant amount of rural and urban farms areas was found to have been altered (approximately 15% of the municipality’s area), most of which were changed to zoning that allows the construction of low-income housing lots, even though a large part is classified in the environmental macrozoning as areas with major restrictions on urbanization. No justifications were found in the law for the changes, only some arguments in the media, and there have been few transformations in the territory even after ten years. It was concluded that the changes were proposed and approved without justification or technical reasoning, that the criteria were limited to meeting the real estate market, and that the changes have not yet caused a major impact on the territory, but their destructive potential is latent.
Financiamento público da educação a distância nas universidades federais brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-22)
Medeiros, Fernandina Fernandes de Lima
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Mill, Daniel Ribeiro Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1515286597269486
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8336-3645
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5138040099205655
Distance Education has taken on an increasingly important role in expanding access to public higher education in Brazil, particularly within the scope of federal universities. This thesis aimed to analyze the funding mechanisms adopted by the Brazilian government for the implementation and development of Distance Education programs in Federal Institutions of Higher Education, identifying elements that may contribute to the formulation of improved public policies in this field. A methodological triangulation approach was used, combining both qualitative and quantitative methods. The research included a systematic literature review, analysis of institutional documents, a virtual questionnaire conducted between March 16 and April 16, 2025, and semi-structured interviews with professionals working in the field, carried out between April 17 and 22, 2025. The empirical analysis was organized around four main areas: funding, institutionalization, quality, and the role of the Open University of Brazil. The results indicate that the absence of a continuous funding model undermines the planning and integration of Distance Education into the academic and administrative structures of federal universities. The study also found that the responsible teams and learning centers (polos) face frequent instability in maintaining regular operations, which hinders the consolidation of the modality. Despite these challenges, Distance Education continues to play an essential role by reaching students in regions historically excluded from face-to-face higher education. The analysis showed that although the modality is present in institutions, its continuity still depends on provisional arrangements and temporary decisions. In response, this thesis proposes concrete measures, such as the creation of a dedicated budget line, formalization of tutor roles, and the strengthening of public control over educational technologies. It concludes that the advancement of Distance Education in federal universities requires budget predictability, stable institutional structures, and its inclusion in formal academic governance. More than regulatory frameworks, the lasting presence of Distance Education as part of the public university system depends on political decisions aligned with education as a foundation for social transformation.
T-Ideal das matrizes de ordem 2 sobre um corpo finito
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-22)
Luccas, Luis Felipe dos Santos
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Gonçalves, Dimas José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1668407948840456
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7584-357X
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0873916429242687
The goal of this dissertation is to study the necessary concepts of algebras and PI-algebras, with a focus on matrix algebras and algebras over finite fields. As the main result, we present the basis described by Mal’tsev and Kuz’min for the polynomial identities of the algebra of 2 × 2 matrices over finite fields.
Nascer nas casas de parto do Brasil: panorama de saúde mental perinatal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25)
Santos, Letícia Lima dos
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Bussadori, Jamile Claro de Castro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4549657176930635
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3048-5593
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5006931114256573
Considering the current scenario of perinatal care, experience obstetric violence during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Associated with this, maternal mental health has shown high rates of illness and dissatisfaction with the care received may be impacting this situation. Objective: Investigate the impact of obstetric violence on post-traumatic stress disorder in women who gave birth in birthing centers or reference hospitals. Methodology: This study was based on the study "Nascer nas Casas de Parto" the aim was to evaluate the care provided in Birth Centers (BC) and compare it with the care provided in hospitals. The population was postpartum women attended in eight BC in Brazil, with more than 100 births in 2019, as well as the referral hospitals of the BC, in addition to monitored intra and postpartum transfers, also to neonatal transfers. Data collection took place between August 2022 and June 2025, reaching the previously calculated sample of 1,560 participants, incorporating data from healthcare professionals, managers, as well as prenatal care records and medical charts. For this study, data from stages three and four were used, with remote interviews using forms on The City Birth Trauma Scale and on mistreatment and abuse in the BC/Hospital, with the data recorded on the RedCap platform. Data analysis was performed using STATA software, version 17, and through the analysis, the sociodemographic profile, mean and scale scores were described, in addition to calculating prevalence and statistical significance considering p<0.05. The study was approved by the ethics committee and followed the resolutions on research with human beings. Results: 50.4%, of women, suffered some type of obstetric violence, negligence and inadequate vaginal examinations being the most frequently reported. The location where the woman gave birth and needed C-section were the factors that most influenced women to suffer obstetric violence. The City Birth Trauma Scale, with a validated score in Brazil >28, showed black women, without a partner, with a history of psychological problems and who underwent a C-section, had statistically significant mental health alterations. Conclusion: Women who needed to be transferred reported more obstetric violence, in addition to having a higher incidence of alterations in The City Birth Trauma Scale. In contrast, women who have birth in a BC had more positive experiences, with greater autonomy and female empowerment, as well as higher rates of vaginal births and lower rates of unnecessary interventions. Despite this, the study demonstrated the prevalence, even at lower rates, of obstetric violence in BC. Therefore, it is essential to encourage these birthing facilities to reduce C-section rates and promote positive experiences for women and families, while maintaining monitoring and educational practices to address obstetric violence in all care settings.
Caracterização de quitinases expressas em diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento da formiga cortadeira Atta sexdens
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25)
Silva, Izabella Rodrigues Fonseca da
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Souza, Dulce Helena Ferreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3428955299526003
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8479-6744
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2439264697593784
Chitinases (E.C.3.2.1.14) are enzymes that degrade chitin, a homopolysaccharide found in the cell wall of fungi, in the exoskeleton of insects, and in other lower eukaryotic organisms. Due to their enzymatic role in chitin hydrolysis, insect chitinases play essential functions during molting, cell proliferation, immune defense, and also in obtaining nutrients. This study aimed to isolate and characterize chitinases expressed by the leaf-cutter ant Atta sexdens in two distinct stages of the life cycle: pupa (Quit-ASP) and adult/worker (Quit-ASOA). The extraction of chitinases was performed by macerating 400 mg of ants in 2 mL of 50 mM sodium acetate buffer pH 5.0 containing 0.1% Tween 20. After centrifugation, the supernatant was subjected to three purification steps: precipitation with ammonium sulfate, anion exchange chromatography, and molecular exclusion. The optimal pH and temperature for activity were determined using colloidal chitin as a substrate. Quit-ASOA, which showed an apparent molecular mass of 70 kDa by SDS-PAGE, demonstrated high thermal stability. Furthermore, it demonstrated optimal activity at pH 6.0 and an optimal temperature of 50 °C. Quit-ASP, in turn, showed an optimal pH of 9.0 and an optimal temperature of 55 °C. Both chitinases had their activity increased in the presence of certain metal ions. Mass spectrometry analysis of the primary structure of Quit-ASOA indicated the presence of a chitin-binding domain. This study demonstrated that A. sexdens expresses different chitinases in the pupal and adult stages.
Efeito Aharonov-Bohm óptico em homobicamadas rotacionadas de MoS2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25)
Oliveira, André Pelais
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Gadelha, Andreij de Carvalho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4157205837071314
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Teodoro, Marcio Daldin
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5602634309535528
With the advancement of exfoliation techniques for lamellar crystals, the experimental observation of intrinsically quantum physical phenomena in atomically flat materials has become accessible. Among these materials, Group VI transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), stand out. In its semiconducting form, MoS2 exhibits notable optical properties, such as the intensification of photoluminescence when exfoliated into monolayers due to quantum confinement. By stacking two MoS2 monolayers with rotation angles close to 60°, a moiré superlattice is formed, which allows for the confinement of electrons and holes in different domains. Therefore, these rotated MoS2 bilayers (TBM) with H-type stacking represent a promising platform for the investigation of quantum technologies. The formation of moiré excitons, where electrons and holes are spatially separated and strongly correlated, combined with the application of magnetic fields, creates a physical system of interest. This particular configuration reveals physical phenomena that are still little explored in rotated TMDs. In this work, we report evidence of the optical observation of the Aharonov-Bohm effect in MoS2 TBMs. This quantum interference phenomenon manifests itself through oscillations of the photoluminescence intensity with well-defined periods as a function of the applied magnetic field. Additionally, inversion effects were observed in the polarization of biexcitons in relation to excitonic emission, reducing its intensity by 100%. The results of this work open pathways for the study of new physical properties of superlattices and for the investigation of quantum memory devices and moiré emitters.
Proposta de uma formação continuada de professores dos anos iniciais a partir dos Conhecimentos Pedagógicos e Tecnológicos de Conteúdos (TPACK) na área de Ciências da Natureza.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25)
Melo, Camilla Oliveira
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Sales, Nilva Lúcia Lombardi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6092092558776882
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8235-2741
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7141738526771313
This research focuses on the training actions proposed by effective teacher trainers, in accordance with the curriculum of a Municipal Education Network in a city in the interior of São Paulo, specifically in the area of Science for multi-subject teachers of the early years of Elementary Education, from the perspective of activities using technological resources. The proposal was based on Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK). It is contextualized within the debate on understanding contributions, identifying possibilities, limitations, and challenges in integrating Science, Scientific, and Technological Education for teacher training, through the development of proposals and training plans.The objective was to examine public documents that manifest in continuing education actions. To this end, we analyzed the continuing education proposals carried out by the Education Department under study, highlighting the investment in the continuing professional development of education professionals. Methodologically, we adopted a qualitative research approach using documentary analysis to identify, describe, and analyze the training actions in light of TPACK.Based on a continuing education program conducted in 2023, which related discussions on science teaching with the support of digital information and communication technologies, it was possible to construct a proposal for a training structure aligned with the principles of the adopted technological framework
Reaproveitamento do resíduo agroindustrial de arroz para cultivo microbiano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25)
Pessa, Bianca Oliveira
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Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933650905615452
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8194034597126922
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Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez
Biological control has emerged as a promising alternative to agrochemicals for pest and disease management, driven by the growing demand for more sustainable agricultural practices. Among the microorganisms employed, the filamentous fungus Trichoderma harzianum stands out for its potential in both biological control and plant growth promotion, typically cultivated in solid-state fermentation (SSF) using rice as the main substrate. At the end of the cultivation process, this rice becomes an underutilized residue with no established application. This study evaluated the feasibility of reprocessing this material for reuse in successive cultivation cycles. The residual rice was transformed into a pressable formulation and used as a substrate for a new cultivation cycle of T. harzianum. Spore production, cell viability, physicochemical properties, and the effect of sodium bentonite as an additive to enhance productivity were assessed. Among the main findings, the formulation of residual rice supplemented with 2% bentonite achieved a maximum yield of 1.4 × 10⁹ spores per gram of dry substrate, a level comparable to fresh parboiled rice (2.2 × 10⁹ spores per gram of dry substrate), while maintaining the viability of the microorganism cultivated on the residue. Elemental analysis (CHN) revealed carbon and nitrogen contents similar to those of fresh rice, indicating that additional nutritional supplementation was unnecessary. Overall, the results demonstrate that the reuse of cultivated rice is technically feasible and represents an effective strategy for reducing costs and enhancing sustainability in the production of Trichoderma-based biopesticides, while also contributing to the valorization of agro-industrial residues in biofactories.