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Análise de fragilidade ambiental como subsídio para a gestão da Bacia do rio Alambari, região de Botucatu (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-21)
Volpi, Tomás Carvalhaes
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Arruda, Emerson Martins
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3883710507177933
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3695-3850
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4365262868126267
The Alambari River Basin is located in the municipalities of Botucatu, Anhembi, and Bofete, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Originating in the Western Paulista Plateau, its drainage crosses the Botucatu Cuesta, extends through the Peripheral Depression, and flows into the Tietê River at the Barra Bonita reservoir. The geomorphology of this region has been the subject of classic studies in Brazilian geography and contributes unique features to the landscape and environmental dynamics. This study is based on a systemic theoretical framework and uses the empirical methodology of environmental fragility, supported by Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The predominant land cover and use types are pastures, forest formations, and silviculture. High environmental fragility prevails, with soil erosion identified as the main environmental issue. There is a clear need for enforcement and restoration of preservation areas, improvements in agricultural management, and incentives for agroecological systems.
Lógica financeira e transformações no campo de abastecimento de água e esgotamento sanitário no Brasil: uma análise a partir das trajetórias das elites empresariais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-21)
Bizzetto, Henrique Melo
;
Candido, Silvio Eduardo Alvarez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0194644249955417
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5275-6577
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3914815616597906
The field of water supply and sanitation service providers in Brazil initially emerged under state dominance, an arrangement that prevailed until the 2000s. However, the field has undergone a true transformation in its dynamics, with the implementation of corporate control models and conceptions driven by financial logic, alongside the consolidation of private companies in the sector. This study proposes that the financialization of the economy and a business management model centered on generating shareholder value are key elements. It aims to understand how this model influences the business elites involved and transforms the existing structures within the sector. The study focuses on the period from 2013 to 2023, using a case study of business elites based on company revenue, including two companies controlled by the State until 2023 (SABESP and COPASA-MG) and two private sector companies (AEGEA and BRK). Methodologically, this is qualitative research grounded in the principles of abductive analysis, seeking to confront empirical data with the theoretical approach of Fligstein (1990), particularly his concept of “conception of corporate control” and its transformations. Data collection relied on historical research, legislation, financial reports, corporate records, and executive résumés, all used to build a connected narrative with the theory that explains the identified phenomena. The most important findings reveal that state regulatory conceptions aimed at attracting private investment have encouraged arrangements between the sector’s major companies and the financial field, bringing private elites into the sanitation sector. The state-controlled companies moved toward the capital markets, and their management models quickly aligned with the “best practices” of corporate governance and shareholder value creation. The private companies, in turn, initially approached the financial field to enter the sector, but now simultaneously use public financing tools and adopt financialized control practices that fluctuate in intensity depending on their closeness to the financial field.
Expressão e atividade da ADAM10, um biomarcador sérico da doença de Alzheimer, e de suas formas em diferentes frações de células semelhantes a neurônios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-21)
Alexandre-Silva, Vanessa
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Cominetti, Márcia Regina
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3725318894555272
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7394577180374214
With the global increase in life expectancy, cases of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a progressive neurodegeneration associated with cognitive, behavioral, and functional impairments, are also rising. Its main pathophysiological hallmarks are hyperphosphorylated tau protein, which forms intracellular tangles, and β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide, which aggregates extracellularly into amyloid plaques. AD is classified into a biological form (in which biomarkers are present but symptoms are absent) and a clinical form (in which both pathology and deficits are observed). Biomarkers are essential tools for early detection, diagnosis, and treatment evaluation, especially in the early stages of the disease. The most used biomarkers are imaging-based or measure Aβ and tau levels in cerebrospinal fluid, but these methods have limitations, making blood-based biomarkers a promising alternative. ADAM10, the main α-secretase responsible for non-amyloidogenic cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP), has been studied as a potential serum biomarker for AD. Our data show that its soluble form has low activity in plasma. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the expression and activity of ADAM10 forms in cellular fractions to determine the relationship between the protein’s localization and activity. For this, SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were differentiated into neuron-like cells and fractionated into portions containing proteins from the extracellular medium (FS), plasma membrane and cytoplasm (FC), organelle membranes (FM), and nucleus (FN). The protein expression and enzymatic activity of the soluble (sADAM10, cleaved by ADAM9), mature (mADAM10), and immature (proADAM10) forms of ADAM10 were assessed in each fraction. Our results show that sADAM10, located in the extracellular environment, has low activity compared to mADAM10, anchored to the plasma membrane, in neuron-like cells. Additionally, we observed that ADAM9 is predominantly expressed in axons of neurons in mouse brain sections. These findings contribute to a better understanding of ADAM10 biology and support its continued development as a blood-based biomarker for AD.
O Problema de Specht para T-ideais de álgebras de Lie sobre corpos de característica positiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-21)
Rodriguez, Edgardo Bladimir Aguirre
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Gonçalves, Dimas José
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1668407948840456
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7584-357X
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3812821381549135
Given an algebra, one may ask whether the T-ideal of its polynomial identities is finitely generated. This question, formulated in 1950, is known as the Specht Problem, and it already has an answer in some cases—for instance, when the algebra is associative. For Lie algebras, the problem remains open when the field has characteristic zero, and a first counterexample was given by Vaughan-Lee in the case of characteristic 2. In this dissertation, we present a result by the mathematician Vesselin Drensky, which exhibits T-ideals that are not finitely generated in the free Lie algebra over any field of positive characteristic.
Qualidade de vida do paciente oncológico: contribuições das estratégias de enfrentamento e da inteligência emocional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-21)
Pereira, Fillipe Rodrigues Santos
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Miguel, Fabiano Koich
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8404130543685490
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2498-692X
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8181323196312550
The psychosocial impact of cancer on quality of life makes it crucial to understand the role of resources such as coping strategies and emotional intelligence. This study investigates the interaction mechanism between these constructs. The aim was to refine the Escala de Estratégias de Enfrentamento para Pacientes Oncológicos and examine a model in which coping mediates the relationship between emotional intelligence and quality of life. A first psychometric study (N = 791), using exploratory structural equation modeling, found evidence of validity for a 12-item version of the scale (χ² (42) = 114.50, p < .001; CFI = .95; TLI = .92; RMSEA = .052 (90% CI [.039, .066]); SRMR = .036). A second study (N = 56) applied the Escala de Estratégias de Enfrentamento para Pacientes Oncológicos, the Questionário On-line de Regulação Emocional, and the Quality of Life Questionnaire Core, analyzing the data through regression and mediation analyses. The mediation analysis was the central finding, demonstrating a significant indirect effect: emotional regulation influenced quality of life exclusively through its positive impact on coping strategies (R² = .30). This finding elucidates a processual mechanism, indicating that emotional regulation is a distal resource that enables coping (a proximal resource). Therefore, interventions should focus on applying emotional skills to coping behaviors to effectively improve patients' quality of life.
A verticalização do ensino no eixo de recursos naturais do IFSP - campus Barretos: potencialidades e resistências
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-22)
Souza, Ivan Pollarini Marques de
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Santos, Maria Cristina dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1095065753077001
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3130-9433
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2839019983811822
Verticalisation and integration are fundamental assumptions of the education offered by Federal Institutes. However, the concept of verticalisation, as well as its organisation and potential in education, is not well defined. Thus, through this research, based on the contributions of polytechnic training and the school of work, developed by Soviet thinkers and Gramsci, we sought to define the conceptual understandings of verticalisation contained in internal documents related to the technological axis of Natural Resources at IFSP-Campus Barretos, as well as in internal documents related to the Campus itself and IFSP. To this end, the concepts contained in the specific literature on the subject were defined in order to present possible clarifications in the different understandings of the concept. Furthermore, contributed directly to the development of a broad concept of verticalisation, which presents it as linked to the fundamentals of omnilateral, integral and polytechnic training of workers, as well as understanding its organisation in the pedagogical and administrative-managerial dimensions, and assumes the possibility of the occurrence of verticalised training both externally and internally to the institution, in the search for the formation of a new ruling class. Based on these concepts, and on the contribution to the conceptual development itself, the institutional documents were analysed from the perspective of Historical-Dialectical Materialism, based on the analysis of the context. The selection of documents took place both internally and externally to the Campus, where internal documents were selected between 2010 and 2023, beginning with the founding of the IFSP-Campus Barretos. Specifically, for documents internal to the technological axis of training in Natural Resources, documents issued between 2017 and 2023 were selected, since this period included the opening of higher education in Agronomy, which guaranteed the basic condition for the verticalisation of the axis studied and culminated at the end of the 2019-2023 Institutional Development Plan period. Through analysis, a narrow understanding of verticalisation was evident in the internal documents of the Campus and the Axis. At the same time, the deterioration of the concepts of integration and verticalisation in the documents over time was demonstrated. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that conceptual deterioration occurs at an accelerated rate in documents prepared by the rector's office from 2022 onwards, transforming verticalisation into a synonym for simplified training, based on the use of knowledge obtained in technical courses at secondary level as equivalent to higher education knowledge. Internally within the axis, although the conception of verticalisation contained in the documents is narrow, the occurrence of verticalisation in the Natural Resources axis is evident, with internal and external training courses taking place on campus. In addition, actions linked to the pedagogical dimension that could potentially promote internal verticalisation within the axis studied were identified and characterised. It is hoped that this research will enrich the debate on verticalisation, its potential and its impact on the training of the working class, preferably that linked to the precepts of polytechnic training.
Análise geomorfológica e ambiental da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Tatuí
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-22)
Machado Junior, Claudio
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Arruda, Emerson Martins
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3883710507177933
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3695-3850
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5636461619698981
This work is an environmental geomorphology research that was based on the geomorphological analysis of the Tatuí River Watershed, located in the southeastern portion of the state of São Paulo between the municipalities of Tatuí, Itapetininga, Guareí, and Quadra. In addition to the geomorphological analysis elaborated from the identification of landform patterns, the research also addressed the main environmental impacts that occur in the watershed, integrating them into the analysis of Environmental Fragility. The methodology used in this work was based on theoretical references from Geomorphology and Geography, dealing with the taxonomic classification and levels of approach to relief. The Systemic Approach was chosen as the conceptual foundation for the problematization and interpretation of the observed data. The adopted methodology comprises the set of techniques and procedures applied during the analysis, serving as a basis for conducting the research. There was a bibliographic review of the theme, elaboration of thematic maps, and fieldwork. As a result, it was found that in the referred watershed there are 5 (five) units, whose diverse characteristics are, in general, related to the different rocks found in its territory. Furthermore, the lithological contacts themselves impose conditions on the action of the area's drainage network, establishing different levels of dissection. Structural aspects, such as faults and diabase dikes, also influence the regional relief and, consequently, the landscape of the basin. Allied to these characteristics, different activities related to land use were observed in the Tatuí River Watershed, focusing on elements related to the urban area, the impact of soil sealing and surface runoff, which frequently result in flood events and mass movements.
Invariantes de germes singulares e poliedros de Newton
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-22)
Melo, Olavo Queiroga de
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Okamoto, Bruna Oréfice
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6824383277098012
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2251-0020
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8489997710929648
In this project, we study the relation between the Milnor number of an analytic function at an isolated singular point and its Newton polyhedron.
Alteração no zoneamento rural e de chácaras urbanas: estudo de caso da revisão do plano diretor de Sorocaba de 2014, sob a ótica da gestão das águas.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-22)
Correa, Denise Martins
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Santos, André Cordeiro Alves dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2131880667704281
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4293842139580994
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Lanças, Sandra Yukari Shirata
The preservation and qualification of rural areas and small farms (chácaras) is of utmost importance for the proper management of water resources, avoiding or minimizing problems caused by water scarcity or excess, which tend to worsen with climate change. Urban policy in Brazil, established in 1988 by the Federal Constitution and regulated in 2001 by the City Statute, provides instruments to guide land use and occupation in municipalities and is based on the municipal master plan for urban development. The present study aims to investigate the change in zoning in rural areas and urban farms in the municipality of Sorocaba, following the review of the municipal master plan in 2014. The methodology was divided into three stages, according to the specific objectives: a) to identify, quantify, and qualify the altered areas through comparative analysis between the zoning and environmental macrozoning maps from the 2007 and 2014 revisions, using QGIS and Excel software; b) to investigate the criteria for the changes through documentary and comparative analysis between Municipal Laws 8,181/2007 and 11,022/2014, qualitative analysis of the administrative process of the 2014 review, and analysis of the local media by searching for the descriptor “master plan” in the digital collection of Jornal Cruzeiro do Sul from 2014; and c) to investigate changes in land use and occupation that occurred in the territory through the analysis of historical maps on Google Earth. A significant amount of rural and urban farms areas was found to have been altered (approximately 15% of the municipality’s area), most of which were changed to zoning that allows the construction of low-income housing lots, even though a large part is classified in the environmental macrozoning as areas with major restrictions on urbanization. No justifications were found in the law for the changes, only some arguments in the media, and there have been few transformations in the territory even after ten years. It was concluded that the changes were proposed and approved without justification or technical reasoning, that the criteria were limited to meeting the real estate market, and that the changes have not yet caused a major impact on the territory, but their destructive potential is latent.
Financiamento público da educação a distância nas universidades federais brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-22)
Medeiros, Fernandina Fernandes de Lima
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Mill, Daniel Ribeiro Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1515286597269486
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8336-3645
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5138040099205655
Distance Education has taken on an increasingly important role in expanding access to public higher education in Brazil, particularly within the scope of federal universities. This thesis aimed to analyze the funding mechanisms adopted by the Brazilian government for the implementation and development of Distance Education programs in Federal Institutions of Higher Education, identifying elements that may contribute to the formulation of improved public policies in this field. A methodological triangulation approach was used, combining both qualitative and quantitative methods. The research included a systematic literature review, analysis of institutional documents, a virtual questionnaire conducted between March 16 and April 16, 2025, and semi-structured interviews with professionals working in the field, carried out between April 17 and 22, 2025. The empirical analysis was organized around four main areas: funding, institutionalization, quality, and the role of the Open University of Brazil. The results indicate that the absence of a continuous funding model undermines the planning and integration of Distance Education into the academic and administrative structures of federal universities. The study also found that the responsible teams and learning centers (polos) face frequent instability in maintaining regular operations, which hinders the consolidation of the modality. Despite these challenges, Distance Education continues to play an essential role by reaching students in regions historically excluded from face-to-face higher education. The analysis showed that although the modality is present in institutions, its continuity still depends on provisional arrangements and temporary decisions. In response, this thesis proposes concrete measures, such as the creation of a dedicated budget line, formalization of tutor roles, and the strengthening of public control over educational technologies. It concludes that the advancement of Distance Education in federal universities requires budget predictability, stable institutional structures, and its inclusion in formal academic governance. More than regulatory frameworks, the lasting presence of Distance Education as part of the public university system depends on political decisions aligned with education as a foundation for social transformation.
T-Ideal das matrizes de ordem 2 sobre um corpo finito
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-22)
Luccas, Luis Felipe dos Santos
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Gonçalves, Dimas José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1668407948840456
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7584-357X
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0873916429242687
The goal of this dissertation is to study the necessary concepts of algebras and PI-algebras, with a focus on matrix algebras and algebras over finite fields. As the main result, we present the basis described by Mal’tsev and Kuz’min for the polynomial identities of the algebra of 2 × 2 matrices over finite fields.
Nascer nas casas de parto do Brasil: panorama de saúde mental perinatal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25)
Santos, Letícia Lima dos
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Bussadori, Jamile Claro de Castro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4549657176930635
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3048-5593
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5006931114256573
Considering the current scenario of perinatal care, experience obstetric violence during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Associated with this, maternal mental health has shown high rates of illness and dissatisfaction with the care received may be impacting this situation. Objective: Investigate the impact of obstetric violence on post-traumatic stress disorder in women who gave birth in birthing centers or reference hospitals. Methodology: This study was based on the study "Nascer nas Casas de Parto" the aim was to evaluate the care provided in Birth Centers (BC) and compare it with the care provided in hospitals. The population was postpartum women attended in eight BC in Brazil, with more than 100 births in 2019, as well as the referral hospitals of the BC, in addition to monitored intra and postpartum transfers, also to neonatal transfers. Data collection took place between August 2022 and June 2025, reaching the previously calculated sample of 1,560 participants, incorporating data from healthcare professionals, managers, as well as prenatal care records and medical charts. For this study, data from stages three and four were used, with remote interviews using forms on The City Birth Trauma Scale and on mistreatment and abuse in the BC/Hospital, with the data recorded on the RedCap platform. Data analysis was performed using STATA software, version 17, and through the analysis, the sociodemographic profile, mean and scale scores were described, in addition to calculating prevalence and statistical significance considering p<0.05. The study was approved by the ethics committee and followed the resolutions on research with human beings. Results: 50.4%, of women, suffered some type of obstetric violence, negligence and inadequate vaginal examinations being the most frequently reported. The location where the woman gave birth and needed C-section were the factors that most influenced women to suffer obstetric violence. The City Birth Trauma Scale, with a validated score in Brazil >28, showed black women, without a partner, with a history of psychological problems and who underwent a C-section, had statistically significant mental health alterations. Conclusion: Women who needed to be transferred reported more obstetric violence, in addition to having a higher incidence of alterations in The City Birth Trauma Scale. In contrast, women who have birth in a BC had more positive experiences, with greater autonomy and female empowerment, as well as higher rates of vaginal births and lower rates of unnecessary interventions. Despite this, the study demonstrated the prevalence, even at lower rates, of obstetric violence in BC. Therefore, it is essential to encourage these birthing facilities to reduce C-section rates and promote positive experiences for women and families, while maintaining monitoring and educational practices to address obstetric violence in all care settings.
Caracterização de quitinases expressas em diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento da formiga cortadeira Atta sexdens
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25)
Silva, Izabella Rodrigues Fonseca da
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Souza, Dulce Helena Ferreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3428955299526003
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8479-6744
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2439264697593784
Chitinases (E.C.3.2.1.14) are enzymes that degrade chitin, a homopolysaccharide found in the cell wall of fungi, in the exoskeleton of insects, and in other lower eukaryotic organisms. Due to their enzymatic role in chitin hydrolysis, insect chitinases play essential functions during molting, cell proliferation, immune defense, and also in obtaining nutrients. This study aimed to isolate and characterize chitinases expressed by the leaf-cutter ant Atta sexdens in two distinct stages of the life cycle: pupa (Quit-ASP) and adult/worker (Quit-ASOA). The extraction of chitinases was performed by macerating 400 mg of ants in 2 mL of 50 mM sodium acetate buffer pH 5.0 containing 0.1% Tween 20. After centrifugation, the supernatant was subjected to three purification steps: precipitation with ammonium sulfate, anion exchange chromatography, and molecular exclusion. The optimal pH and temperature for activity were determined using colloidal chitin as a substrate. Quit-ASOA, which showed an apparent molecular mass of 70 kDa by SDS-PAGE, demonstrated high thermal stability. Furthermore, it demonstrated optimal activity at pH 6.0 and an optimal temperature of 50 °C. Quit-ASP, in turn, showed an optimal pH of 9.0 and an optimal temperature of 55 °C. Both chitinases had their activity increased in the presence of certain metal ions. Mass spectrometry analysis of the primary structure of Quit-ASOA indicated the presence of a chitin-binding domain. This study demonstrated that A. sexdens expresses different chitinases in the pupal and adult stages.
Efeito Aharonov-Bohm óptico em homobicamadas rotacionadas de MoS2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25)
Oliveira, André Pelais
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Gadelha, Andreij de Carvalho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4157205837071314
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Teodoro, Marcio Daldin
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5602634309535528
With the advancement of exfoliation techniques for lamellar crystals, the experimental observation of intrinsically quantum physical phenomena in atomically flat materials has become accessible. Among these materials, Group VI transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), stand out. In its semiconducting form, MoS2 exhibits notable optical properties, such as the intensification of photoluminescence when exfoliated into monolayers due to quantum confinement. By stacking two MoS2 monolayers with rotation angles close to 60°, a moiré superlattice is formed, which allows for the confinement of electrons and holes in different domains. Therefore, these rotated MoS2 bilayers (TBM) with H-type stacking represent a promising platform for the investigation of quantum technologies. The formation of moiré excitons, where electrons and holes are spatially separated and strongly correlated, combined with the application of magnetic fields, creates a physical system of interest. This particular configuration reveals physical phenomena that are still little explored in rotated TMDs. In this work, we report evidence of the optical observation of the Aharonov-Bohm effect in MoS2 TBMs. This quantum interference phenomenon manifests itself through oscillations of the photoluminescence intensity with well-defined periods as a function of the applied magnetic field. Additionally, inversion effects were observed in the polarization of biexcitons in relation to excitonic emission, reducing its intensity by 100%. The results of this work open pathways for the study of new physical properties of superlattices and for the investigation of quantum memory devices and moiré emitters.
Proposta de uma formação continuada de professores dos anos iniciais a partir dos Conhecimentos Pedagógicos e Tecnológicos de Conteúdos (TPACK) na área de Ciências da Natureza.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25)
Melo, Camilla Oliveira
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Sales, Nilva Lúcia Lombardi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6092092558776882
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8235-2741
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7141738526771313
This research focuses on the training actions proposed by effective teacher trainers, in accordance with the curriculum of a Municipal Education Network in a city in the interior of São Paulo, specifically in the area of Science for multi-subject teachers of the early years of Elementary Education, from the perspective of activities using technological resources. The proposal was based on Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK). It is contextualized within the debate on understanding contributions, identifying possibilities, limitations, and challenges in integrating Science, Scientific, and Technological Education for teacher training, through the development of proposals and training plans.The objective was to examine public documents that manifest in continuing education actions. To this end, we analyzed the continuing education proposals carried out by the Education Department under study, highlighting the investment in the continuing professional development of education professionals. Methodologically, we adopted a qualitative research approach using documentary analysis to identify, describe, and analyze the training actions in light of TPACK.Based on a continuing education program conducted in 2023, which related discussions on science teaching with the support of digital information and communication technologies, it was possible to construct a proposal for a training structure aligned with the principles of the adopted technological framework
Reaproveitamento do resíduo agroindustrial de arroz para cultivo microbiano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25)
Pessa, Bianca Oliveira
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Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933650905615452
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8194034597126922
;
Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez
Biological control has emerged as a promising alternative to agrochemicals for pest and disease management, driven by the growing demand for more sustainable agricultural practices. Among the microorganisms employed, the filamentous fungus Trichoderma harzianum stands out for its potential in both biological control and plant growth promotion, typically cultivated in solid-state fermentation (SSF) using rice as the main substrate. At the end of the cultivation process, this rice becomes an underutilized residue with no established application. This study evaluated the feasibility of reprocessing this material for reuse in successive cultivation cycles. The residual rice was transformed into a pressable formulation and used as a substrate for a new cultivation cycle of T. harzianum. Spore production, cell viability, physicochemical properties, and the effect of sodium bentonite as an additive to enhance productivity were assessed. Among the main findings, the formulation of residual rice supplemented with 2% bentonite achieved a maximum yield of 1.4 × 10⁹ spores per gram of dry substrate, a level comparable to fresh parboiled rice (2.2 × 10⁹ spores per gram of dry substrate), while maintaining the viability of the microorganism cultivated on the residue. Elemental analysis (CHN) revealed carbon and nitrogen contents similar to those of fresh rice, indicating that additional nutritional supplementation was unnecessary. Overall, the results demonstrate that the reuse of cultivated rice is technically feasible and represents an effective strategy for reducing costs and enhancing sustainability in the production of Trichoderma-based biopesticides, while also contributing to the valorization of agro-industrial residues in biofactories.
Biossensores eletroquímicos com acetilcolinesterase e produtos naturais para o controle de formigas cortadeiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25)
Silva, Gabriele Fernanda da
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Fernandes, João Batista
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691336077459602
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2924-3327
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2551192820936508
Agriculture is an essential sector for the Brazilian economy but faces major challenges in pest control, such as leaf-cutting ants (Atta and Acromyrmex), which are responsible for significant losses in agricultural and forestry productivity. Although synthetic pesticides are still widely used, their side effects on human health, the environment, and non-target organisms drive the search for safer and more selective alternatives. In this work, disposable electrochemical biosensors were developed using acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymes extracted from leaf-cutting ants (AsAChE-A and AsAChE-B) and electric eel (EelAChE). The enzymes were immobilized on magnetic particles and applied to screen-printed carbon electrodes. The immobilization process was optimized with the aid of central composite design (CCD), allowing the determination of optimal conditions with 1.4 mg/mL of magnetic particles, 7 µg/mL of AChE, and an immobilization time of 30 minutes. The constructed biosensors demonstrated sensitivity toward the specific inhibitor malathion. The limits of detection (LOD) were 2.6 nM for AsAChE-A and 14 nM for AsAChE-B. These results reinforce the applicability of native enzymes from leaf-cutting ants in analytical devices for inhibitor screening, with potential for the development of selective and sustainable bioinsecticides. The sensors also showed sensitivity and selectivity toward galantamine, another anticholinesterase inhibitor, in addition to being applicable to the screening of microbial extracts associated with ant nests. This proposal proves promising as a tool for the identification of new bioinsecticidal compounds, contributing to more ecological and specific pest control with lower environmental impact.
(Des)caminhos da militarização no Brasil: Programa Nacional das Escolas Cívico-Militares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25)
Nunes, Fabiana Boschetti
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Torres, Juliana Rezende
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3083345943491817
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4598-6702
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2260101923416580
The National Program of Civic-Military Schools (PECIM), implemented between 2019 and 2022 in the context of Brazilian public education, is configured as the process of militarization of public education at the national level. The investigation stems from the researcher's experience as the director of a school involved in the process of joining the program in the municipality of Sorocaba (SP), marked by mobilizations of the school community, civil society and judicial decisions, but mainly due to the scarcity of studies on the subject. Given the above, the objective is to critically analyze the PECIM guideline in light of the educational principles that underpin public education. To carry out such analyses, a qualitative approach is adopted, and the following data collection sources are used: bibliographic review, bibliographic and documentary research, as well as documentary analysis, outlined by Discursive Textual Analysis (DTA). The study is organized into six chapters, which present: the conceptualization of the terms "military" and "militarization," including in the educational field; historically contextualize management models based on military principles; and investigate the normative and regulatory documents that guide the functioning of the program. Next, the theoretical framework is outlined, based on critical authors such as Freire, Adorno, Saviani, Giroux, Apple, and Libâneo, on the constitutionality of Brazilian education, and the conceptions of the analytical categories—dialogue and democracy—that emerged during the writing of this research are presented. Finally, critical analyses of the program's guidelines are developed, highlighting the program's (mis)steps in relation to educational principles, from the perspective of (anti)dialogicity and (anti)democracy. The conclusion of this work demonstrates that PECIM is an educational model based on the logic of discipline, vertical hierarchy, and control, which contradicts the educational principles that govern Brazilian public education. Although repealed in 2023, PECIM continues to influence state and municipal initiatives, which reinforces the relevance of analytical studies and ongoing debates about the direction of Brazilian public schools.
Novas estratégias para aprimoramento da eficiência em deionização capacitiva: simulação numérica, estudo de célula e aplicação de campo magnético externo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25)
Luz, Felipe Staciaki da
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Souza, Ernesto Chaves Pereira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505400360366643
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1058-302X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7654110890574124
Capacitive deionization (CDI) has emerged as a promising electrochemical technology for desalination due to its low energy consumption, simple design, and potential for integration with renewable energy sources. However, its scalability and performance are still limited by challenges such as electrode saturation, co-ion repulsion, and slow adsorption kinetics. This thesis presents an integrated approach to enhance CDI performance through the development of new cell configurations, experimental evaluation, and multiphysics simulations. Particular focus was given to the application of ionic diodes and magnetic fields as tools to intensify ion removal and improve process continuity. Ionic diodes were implemented to promote directional ion flow and mitigate electrode saturation, resulting in significant increases in salt adsorption capacity (SAC) and overall system efficiency. The effect of dimensional and operational parameters was systematically investigated, revealing complex interactions governing mass transfer and energy efficiency. Furthermore, this work explored magnetohydrodynamic-assisted CDI, where the application of a magnetic field in conjunction with the electric field induced convective motion via the Lorentz force, intensifying ion transport and accelerating adsorption kinetics. Experimental results, supported by numerical simulations, demonstrated that the application of a magnetic field accelerates the electrosorption process and increases the amount of ions removed from water. The findings presented in this study provide important contributions to the understanding of the physical phenomena governing CDI and propose effective strategies to advance the technology toward sustainable desalination systems, particularly for brackish water treatment.
Uso de Panax ginseng e Angelica keiskei para potencialização do efeito vasodilatador induzido pela fotobiomodulação (660 nm)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25)
Moraes, Luis Henrique Oliveira de
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Rodrigues, Gerson Jhonatan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6725550216586910
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1896-9536
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1764895833159036
Endothelial dysfunction is a hallmark of renovascular hypertension and a critical barrier to effective vascular therapies. This study explored the synergistic potential of combining phytotherapy with photobiomodulation (PBM) to restore endothelial function through nitric oxide (NO)-mediated mechanisms. Using the 2-kidney-1-clip (2K1C) hypertensive model in rats, as well as in vitro assays with human endothelial cells and isolated vascular preparations, we evaluated the effects of a standardized combination of Panax ginseng and Angelica keiskei—plants known for their antioxidant and vasorelaxant properties. Intermittent administration of the extract improved endothelium-dependent vasodilation and enhanced NO sensitivity, despite modest effects on blood pressure. When paired with PBM (660 nm), the herbal treatment significantly potentiated vasodilatory responses in aortic rings, an effect abolished by endothelium removal or NO pathway inhibition, suggesting eNOS dependency. Inhibition of eNOS via L-NAME blunted these effects but revealed partial endothelial compensation in acetylcholine responses. Cellular assays confirmed increased intracellular NO and reduced superoxide production, indicating redox balance restoration. Together, these findings underscore a mechanistic interplay between phytotherapy and PBM, driven by eNOS activation and oxidative stress modulation, offering a promising non-pharmacological strategy to counteract endothelial dysfunction in hypertension.