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Nascer nas casas de parto do Brasil: panorama de saúde mental perinatal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25) Santos, Letícia Lima dos; Bussadori, Jamile Claro de Castro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4549657176930635; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3048-5593; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5006931114256573; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0893-4487; Gozzi, Alana de Paiva Nogueira Fornereto; Alonso, Bruna Dias; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0361502737203825; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9326900248087932
Considering the current scenario of perinatal care, experience obstetric violence during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Associated with this, maternal mental health has shown high rates of illness and dissatisfaction with the care received may be impacting this situation. Objective: Investigate the impact of obstetric violence on post-traumatic stress disorder in women who gave birth in birthing centers or reference hospitals. Methodology: This study was based on the study "Nascer nas Casas de Parto" the aim was to evaluate the care provided in Birth Centers (BC) and compare it with the care provided in hospitals. The population was postpartum women attended in eight BC in Brazil, with more than 100 births in 2019, as well as the referral hospitals of the BC, in addition to monitored intra and postpartum transfers, also to neonatal transfers. Data collection took place between August 2022 and June 2025, reaching the previously calculated sample of 1,560 participants, incorporating data from healthcare professionals, managers, as well as prenatal care records and medical charts. For this study, data from stages three and four were used, with remote interviews using forms on The City Birth Trauma Scale and on mistreatment and abuse in the BC/Hospital, with the data recorded on the RedCap platform. Data analysis was performed using STATA software, version 17, and through the analysis, the sociodemographic profile, mean and scale scores were described, in addition to calculating prevalence and statistical significance considering p<0.05. The study was approved by the ethics committee and followed the resolutions on research with human beings. Results: 50.4%, of women, suffered some type of obstetric violence, negligence and inadequate vaginal examinations being the most frequently reported. The location where the woman gave birth and needed C-section were the factors that most influenced women to suffer obstetric violence. The City Birth Trauma Scale, with a validated score in Brazil >28, showed black women, without a partner, with a history of psychological problems and who underwent a C-section, had statistically significant mental health alterations. Conclusion: Women who needed to be transferred reported more obstetric violence, in addition to having a higher incidence of alterations in The City Birth Trauma Scale. In contrast, women who have birth in a BC had more positive experiences, with greater autonomy and female empowerment, as well as higher rates of vaginal births and lower rates of unnecessary interventions. Despite this, the study demonstrated the prevalence, even at lower rates, of obstetric violence in BC. Therefore, it is essential to encourage these birthing facilities to reduce C-section rates and promote positive experiences for women and families, while maintaining monitoring and educational practices to address obstetric violence in all care settings.
Proposta de uma formação continuada de professores dos anos iniciais a partir dos Conhecimentos Pedagógicos e Tecnológicos de Conteúdos (TPACK) na área de Ciências da Natureza.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25) Melo, Camilla Oliveira; Sales, Nilva Lúcia Lombardi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6092092558776882; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8235-2741; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7141738526771313; Zanon, Dulcimeire Aparecida Volante; Tollendal, Priscila Castilho Casassanta; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1811225448261362; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2348913654337730; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3728-6175
This research focuses on the training actions proposed by effective teacher trainers, in accordance with the curriculum of a Municipal Education Network in a city in the interior of São Paulo, specifically in the area of Science for multi-subject teachers of the early years of Elementary Education, from the perspective of activities using technological resources. The proposal was based on Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK). It is contextualized within the debate on understanding contributions, identifying possibilities, limitations, and challenges in integrating Science, Scientific, and Technological Education for teacher training, through the development of proposals and training plans.The objective was to examine public documents that manifest in continuing education actions. To this end, we analyzed the continuing education proposals carried out by the Education Department under study, highlighting the investment in the continuing professional development of education professionals. Methodologically, we adopted a qualitative research approach using documentary analysis to identify, describe, and analyze the training actions in light of TPACK.Based on a continuing education program conducted in 2023, which related discussions on science teaching with the support of digital information and communication technologies, it was possible to construct a proposal for a training structure aligned with the principles of the adopted technological framework
Caracterização de quitinases expressas em diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento da formiga cortadeira Atta sexdens
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25) Silva, Izabella Rodrigues Fonseca da; Souza, Dulce Helena Ferreira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3428955299526003; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8479-6744; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2439264697593784; Wouters, Felipe Christoff; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4392349445398645; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6051-6824
Chitinases (E.C.3.2.1.14) are enzymes that degrade chitin, a homopolysaccharide found in the cell wall of fungi, in the exoskeleton of insects, and in other lower eukaryotic organisms. Due to their enzymatic role in chitin hydrolysis, insect chitinases play essential functions during molting, cell proliferation, immune defense, and also in obtaining nutrients. This study aimed to isolate and characterize chitinases expressed by the leaf-cutter ant Atta sexdens in two distinct stages of the life cycle: pupa (Quit-ASP) and adult/worker (Quit-ASOA). The extraction of chitinases was performed by macerating 400 mg of ants in 2 mL of 50 mM sodium acetate buffer pH 5.0 containing 0.1% Tween 20. After centrifugation, the supernatant was subjected to three purification steps: precipitation with ammonium sulfate, anion exchange chromatography, and molecular exclusion. The optimal pH and temperature for activity were determined using colloidal chitin as a substrate. Quit-ASOA, which showed an apparent molecular mass of 70 kDa by SDS-PAGE, demonstrated high thermal stability. Furthermore, it demonstrated optimal activity at pH 6.0 and an optimal temperature of 50 °C. Quit-ASP, in turn, showed an optimal pH of 9.0 and an optimal temperature of 55 °C. Both chitinases had their activity increased in the presence of certain metal ions. Mass spectrometry analysis of the primary structure of Quit-ASOA indicated the presence of a chitin-binding domain. This study demonstrated that A. sexdens expresses different chitinases in the pupal and adult stages.
Reaproveitamento do resíduo agroindustrial de arroz para cultivo microbiano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25) Pessa, Bianca Oliveira; Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933650905615452; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8194034597126922; Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez; Vasconcellos, Vanessa Molina de; Klaic, Rodrigo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933650905615452; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9050729757066272; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6368937428768973
Biological control has emerged as a promising alternative to agrochemicals for pest and disease management, driven by the growing demand for more sustainable agricultural practices. Among the microorganisms employed, the filamentous fungus Trichoderma harzianum stands out for its potential in both biological control and plant growth promotion, typically cultivated in solid-state fermentation (SSF) using rice as the main substrate. At the end of the cultivation process, this rice becomes an underutilized residue with no established application. This study evaluated the feasibility of reprocessing this material for reuse in successive cultivation cycles. The residual rice was transformed into a pressable formulation and used as a substrate for a new cultivation cycle of T. harzianum. Spore production, cell viability, physicochemical properties, and the effect of sodium bentonite as an additive to enhance productivity were assessed. Among the main findings, the formulation of residual rice supplemented with 2% bentonite achieved a maximum yield of 1.4 × 10⁹ spores per gram of dry substrate, a level comparable to fresh parboiled rice (2.2 × 10⁹ spores per gram of dry substrate), while maintaining the viability of the microorganism cultivated on the residue. Elemental analysis (CHN) revealed carbon and nitrogen contents similar to those of fresh rice, indicating that additional nutritional supplementation was unnecessary. Overall, the results demonstrate that the reuse of cultivated rice is technically feasible and represents an effective strategy for reducing costs and enhancing sustainability in the production of Trichoderma-based biopesticides, while also contributing to the valorization of agro-industrial residues in biofactories.
(Des)caminhos da militarização no Brasil: Programa Nacional das Escolas Cívico-Militares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25) Nunes, Fabiana Boschetti; Torres, Juliana Rezende; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3083345943491817; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4598-6702; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2260101923416580; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6623-3542; Santos, Catarina de Almeida; Alves, Miriam Fábia; Prado, Edna Cristina do; Brito, Solange Aparecida da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5082833181682586; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4002600044640352; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8158728896858544; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3930429127178776
The National Program of Civic-Military Schools (PECIM), implemented between 2019 and 2022 in the context of Brazilian public education, is configured as the process of militarization of public education at the national level. The investigation stems from the researcher's experience as the director of a school involved in the process of joining the program in the municipality of Sorocaba (SP), marked by mobilizations of the school community, civil society and judicial decisions, but mainly due to the scarcity of studies on the subject. Given the above, the objective is to critically analyze the PECIM guideline in light of the educational principles that underpin public education. To carry out such analyses, a qualitative approach is adopted, and the following data collection sources are used: bibliographic review, bibliographic and documentary research, as well as documentary analysis, outlined by Discursive Textual Analysis (DTA). The study is organized into six chapters, which present: the conceptualization of the terms "military" and "militarization," including in the educational field; historically contextualize management models based on military principles; and investigate the normative and regulatory documents that guide the functioning of the program. Next, the theoretical framework is outlined, based on critical authors such as Freire, Adorno, Saviani, Giroux, Apple, and Libâneo, on the constitutionality of Brazilian education, and the conceptions of the analytical categories—dialogue and democracy—that emerged during the writing of this research are presented. Finally, critical analyses of the program's guidelines are developed, highlighting the program's (mis)steps in relation to educational principles, from the perspective of (anti)dialogicity and (anti)democracy. The conclusion of this work demonstrates that PECIM is an educational model based on the logic of discipline, vertical hierarchy, and control, which contradicts the educational principles that govern Brazilian public education. Although repealed in 2023, PECIM continues to influence state and municipal initiatives, which reinforces the relevance of analytical studies and ongoing debates about the direction of Brazilian public schools.
Novas estratégias para aprimoramento da eficiência em deionização capacitiva: simulação numérica, estudo de célula e aplicação de campo magnético externo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25) Luz, Felipe Staciaki da; Souza, Ernesto Chaves Pereira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505400360366643; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1058-302X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7654110890574124; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0527-8098; Ruotolo, Luís Augusto Martins; Faria, Ronaldo Censi; Marchesi, Luís Fernando Quintino Pereira; Sobrinho, Renato Garcia de Freitas; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6167735734348703; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8659496864305621; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2116479070725283; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5262842566597142; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2517-0017; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1094-9597; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8083-2813; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4480-7212
Capacitive deionization (CDI) has emerged as a promising electrochemical technology for desalination due to its low energy consumption, simple design, and potential for integration with renewable energy sources. However, its scalability and performance are still limited by challenges such as electrode saturation, co-ion repulsion, and slow adsorption kinetics. This thesis presents an integrated approach to enhance CDI performance through the development of new cell configurations, experimental evaluation, and multiphysics simulations. Particular focus was given to the application of ionic diodes and magnetic fields as tools to intensify ion removal and improve process continuity. Ionic diodes were implemented to promote directional ion flow and mitigate electrode saturation, resulting in significant increases in salt adsorption capacity (SAC) and overall system efficiency. The effect of dimensional and operational parameters was systematically investigated, revealing complex interactions governing mass transfer and energy efficiency. Furthermore, this work explored magnetohydrodynamic-assisted CDI, where the application of a magnetic field in conjunction with the electric field induced convective motion via the Lorentz force, intensifying ion transport and accelerating adsorption kinetics. Experimental results, supported by numerical simulations, demonstrated that the application of a magnetic field accelerates the electrosorption process and increases the amount of ions removed from water. The findings presented in this study provide important contributions to the understanding of the physical phenomena governing CDI and propose effective strategies to advance the technology toward sustainable desalination systems, particularly for brackish water treatment.
Uso de Panax ginseng e Angelica keiskei para potencialização do efeito vasodilatador induzido pela fotobiomodulação (660 nm)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25) Moraes, Luis Henrique Oliveira de; Rodrigues, Gerson Jhonatan; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6725550216586910; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1896-9536; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1764895833159036; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3728-2131; Anibal, Fernanda de Freitas; Correa, José Wilson do Nascimento; Inada, Natália Mayumi; Cardoso, Sandra Lia do Amaral; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4918261968772806; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9130747433263550; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3595196074265255; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2030708742766455
Endothelial dysfunction is a hallmark of renovascular hypertension and a critical barrier to effective vascular therapies. This study explored the synergistic potential of combining phytotherapy with photobiomodulation (PBM) to restore endothelial function through nitric oxide (NO)-mediated mechanisms. Using the 2-kidney-1-clip (2K1C) hypertensive model in rats, as well as in vitro assays with human endothelial cells and isolated vascular preparations, we evaluated the effects of a standardized combination of Panax ginseng and Angelica keiskei—plants known for their antioxidant and vasorelaxant properties. Intermittent administration of the extract improved endothelium-dependent vasodilation and enhanced NO sensitivity, despite modest effects on blood pressure. When paired with PBM (660 nm), the herbal treatment significantly potentiated vasodilatory responses in aortic rings, an effect abolished by endothelium removal or NO pathway inhibition, suggesting eNOS dependency. Inhibition of eNOS via L-NAME blunted these effects but revealed partial endothelial compensation in acetylcholine responses. Cellular assays confirmed increased intracellular NO and reduced superoxide production, indicating redox balance restoration. Together, these findings underscore a mechanistic interplay between phytotherapy and PBM, driven by eNOS activation and oxidative stress modulation, offering a promising non-pharmacological strategy to counteract endothelial dysfunction in hypertension.
Impacts of organizational financialization on supply chain management: an analysis of the Industrial Pole of Manaus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25) Calvinho, Alexandre Berto; Saltorato, Patrícia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4086015205835355; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4089-2547; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3223220852575383; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2336-8268; Mundo Neto, Martin; Silva, João Eduardo Azevedo Ramos da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8118489647547095; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3823047207711289
This research investigates how financialization impacts supply chain management, focusing on the case study of LED lamp production in the Industrial Pole of Manaus (PIM), analyzing the effects of tax incentives from the Manaus Free Trade Zone (ZFM) on production structure and logistical efficiency. The methodology combines a systematic literature review and an empirical case study, with the aim of understanding the fiscal advantages and the logistical challenges resulting from production fragmentation. The study reveals that although production in Manaus involves logistical complexities and additional costs related to transportation and inventory management, the fiscal benefits make it a financially advantageous location. The research highlights that the feasibility of production fragmentation or full relocation should be analyzed on a case-by-case basis, considering the specific cost structures of each industry, as dependence on imported materials and the nature of production can directly influence strategic decisions. The dissertation discusses the trade-offs between fiscal benefits and operational efficiency, emphasizing that financial logic guides strategic decisions, often at the expense of logistical efficiency, as the pursuit of cost minimization and maximization of fiscal benefits prevails over the efficient integration of the supply chain. The research offers practical perspectives for managers, highlighting the need for individualized evaluations and suggests areas for future research, such as the comparison between fragmented and centralized production models and the analysis of different industrial sectors under similar fiscal regimes.
Efeito Aharonov-Bohm óptico em homobicamadas rotacionadas de MoS2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25) Oliveira, André Pelais; Gadelha, Andreij de Carvalho; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4157205837071314; Teodoro, Marcio Daldin; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5602634309535528; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6217395386683603; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2626-8331; Teodoro, Marcio Daldin; Rabelo, Diego; Bragança, Helena de Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5602634309535528; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7322891417476414; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9602029911336683
With the advancement of exfoliation techniques for lamellar crystals, the experimental observation of intrinsically quantum physical phenomena in atomically flat materials has become accessible. Among these materials, Group VI transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), stand out. In its semiconducting form, MoS2 exhibits notable optical properties, such as the intensification of photoluminescence when exfoliated into monolayers due to quantum confinement. By stacking two MoS2 monolayers with rotation angles close to 60°, a moiré superlattice is formed, which allows for the confinement of electrons and holes in different domains. Therefore, these rotated MoS2 bilayers (TBM) with H-type stacking represent a promising platform for the investigation of quantum technologies. The formation of moiré excitons, where electrons and holes are spatially separated and strongly correlated, combined with the application of magnetic fields, creates a physical system of interest. This particular configuration reveals physical phenomena that are still little explored in rotated TMDs. In this work, we report evidence of the optical observation of the Aharonov-Bohm effect in MoS2 TBMs. This quantum interference phenomenon manifests itself through oscillations of the photoluminescence intensity with well-defined periods as a function of the applied magnetic field. Additionally, inversion effects were observed in the polarization of biexcitons in relation to excitonic emission, reducing its intensity by 100%. The results of this work open pathways for the study of new physical properties of superlattices and for the investigation of quantum memory devices and moiré emitters.
Biossensores eletroquímicos com acetilcolinesterase e produtos naturais para o controle de formigas cortadeiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-08-25) Silva, Gabriele Fernanda da; Fernandes, João Batista; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691336077459602; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2924-3327; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2551192820936508; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0671-789X; Fernandes, João Batista; Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues; Nascimento, Evair Dias; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691336077459602; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9857559420758198; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2924-3327; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0608-0278; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2821-2094
Agriculture is an essential sector for the Brazilian economy but faces major challenges in pest control, such as leaf-cutting ants (Atta and Acromyrmex), which are responsible for significant losses in agricultural and forestry productivity. Although synthetic pesticides are still widely used, their side effects on human health, the environment, and non-target organisms drive the search for safer and more selective alternatives. In this work, disposable electrochemical biosensors were developed using acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymes extracted from leaf-cutting ants (AsAChE-A and AsAChE-B) and electric eel (EelAChE). The enzymes were immobilized on magnetic particles and applied to screen-printed carbon electrodes. The immobilization process was optimized with the aid of central composite design (CCD), allowing the determination of optimal conditions with 1.4 mg/mL of magnetic particles, 7 µg/mL of AChE, and an immobilization time of 30 minutes. The constructed biosensors demonstrated sensitivity toward the specific inhibitor malathion. The limits of detection (LOD) were 2.6 nM for AsAChE-A and 14 nM for AsAChE-B. These results reinforce the applicability of native enzymes from leaf-cutting ants in analytical devices for inhibitor screening, with potential for the development of selective and sustainable bioinsecticides. The sensors also showed sensitivity and selectivity toward galantamine, another anticholinesterase inhibitor, in addition to being applicable to the screening of microbial extracts associated with ant nests. This proposal proves promising as a tool for the identification of new bioinsecticidal compounds, contributing to more ecological and specific pest control with lower environmental impact.