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Economia circular aplicada à indústria citrícola: viabilidade econômica e ambiental do uso de compostagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-17) Fischer, Nathália Ravanini; Carvalho, Rafael Miranda de Lima; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2949044626384209; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3431-6287; Tiezzi, Rafael de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7979063304544915; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8682-7807; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0192277827972401; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3201-2767
Citrus farming is one of the most economically significant agro-industrial chains in Brazil and worldwide, generating approximately 50 to 60% of solid and liquid waste during fruit processing, mainly in the form of peels, pulp, and seeds. Inadequate management of this waste leads to high disposal costs and significant environmental impacts, such as methane emissions, soil acidification, and water contamination. This study aimed to investigate the economic and environmental feasibility of composting citrus waste as an organic fertilizer, within the context of the circular economy and ESG principles. The research, applied in nature and using a mixed (qualitative and quantitative) approach, was conducted through a theoretical exploratory study adapting the economic feasibility model of Culas, Anwar, and Maraseni (2025), considering an average productivity of 869 boxes of oranges per hectare, an annual mineral fertilizer cost of BRL 2,245.35/ha, and a theoretical application of 7 tons of organic compost per hectare. The results showed that the partial replacement (25–75%) of mineral fertilizers with citrus compost provided economic co-benefits ranging from BRL 51.25 to BRL 1,544.01 per hectare per year, representing up to 69% savings over the cost of conventional inputs, with greater returns observed in high-quality soils. The compost presented a C/N ratio of 15:1, pH between 3.5 and 4.0, and high levels of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, promoting improvements in soil fertility, cation exchange capacity, and microbial activity. Environmentally, the process showed potential to reduce waste disposal costs by up to 35% and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, directly contributing to SDGs 2, 12, 13, and 15. It is concluded that citrus pulp composting is a technically, economically, and environmentally viable alternative, strengthening the transition of Brazilian citrus farming toward a circular, regenerative, and low-carbon model, aligned with global sustainability and environmental governance guidelines.
A mediação docente no processo de produção do desenho da criança pequena
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-17) Anselmo, Gabrielly Felipe; Lombardi, Lucia Maria Salgado dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5697508831302188; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6978-864X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4257828852879100; https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3866-1963
This work presents a reflection on cultural mediation in the school context, focusing on the teacher's role in bringing children closer to art, specifically drawing, as a form of expression and knowledge. Using a qualitative and bibliographical methodology, the study sought to understand how the mediation process, carried out through sensitive listening, can stimulate creation and dialogue between children and works of art. The research was developed based on authors who discuss art and pedagogy as fields that intertwine in human formation, highlighting the importance of the teacher acting as a mediator in art. The results indicate that preschool is a privileged place for children to come into contact with the arts, and that cultural mediation by teachers, as an attitude of listening, of being among many, of learning together, contributes to the aesthetic experience, to the wholeness of the child's presence with themselves, with others, with material objects, and with space, enabling them to experience their personal, historical, and cultural identity more fully, while enriching teaching practice, making it more reflective and meaningful.
Fitorremediação em lagoa facultativa de tratamento de efluente de queijaria: um estudo de caso utilizando macrófitas aquáticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-17) Rodrigues, Rebeca Gilvânia Silva; Lovaglio, Roberta Barros; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4549716492984231; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5068-1076; Gonzalez, Beatriz Cruz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4777395189579793; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-1267; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3417527034445487
The discharge of effluents without proper treatment is one of the main causes of pollution in water bodies, leading to a series of environmental problems that demand solutions combining environmental compliance and operational viability. In this context, bioremediation stands out as an alternative to optimize the efficiency of stabilization ponds in the dairy sector, aiming for a more sustainable, low-cost treatment with high pollutant removal capacity. This study evaluated the efficiency of phytoremediation using aquatic macrophytes in a facultative lagoon employed for the treatment of effluents from a processed dairy industry, located at the Savencia Brasil unit in Angatuba, São Paulo. The research aimed to verify the technical and environmental feasibility of applying the species Pontederia crassipes Mart., Canna x generalis, and Cyperus alternifolius L. to improve effluent quality and reduce organic load. The physicochemical and statistical monitoring of parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) demonstrated that the system performed satisfactorily, achieving an average BOD removal efficiency of 89.5% and COD removal above 80%, while maintaining pH levels within legal limits. The plant development of the root system and the high colonization capacity of the macrophytes favored the retention of suspended solids and stimulated microbial activity, enhancing effluent quality improvement. Seasonal variations and occasional operational interferences, such as breakage of containment areas and replanting periods, temporarily influenced performance but did not compromise treatment stability. The results demonstrated the potential of phytoremediation as a biological treatment model for dairy industry effluents. This technology represents an efficient, low-cost, and environmentally sustainable alternative, contributing to effluent compliance with current legislation and promoting local ecological benefits.
Partição e dinâmica da interceptação pluviométrica em fragmento florestal com Eucalyptus spp.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-17) Jesus, Fernando de Azevedo Almeida; Santos, Franciane Mendonça; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5344692835119505; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8506-2731; Pelinson, Natalia de Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6926555224491024; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4370-9146; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6926555224491024; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8380-2282
Rainfall interception by vegetation is a fundamental component of the forest water balance, regulating soil recharge, evapotranspiration, and surface runoff. Despite the widespread use of eucalyptus in reforestation programs, there remains a lack of quantitative assessments of rainfall redistribution beneath its canopy—particularly in transition zones between the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest biomes, such as the Alto Paranapanema Water Resources Management Unit (UGRHI-14). This study aimed to quantify and analyze rainfall interception fluxes in Eucalyptus spp. individuals within a forest fragment at the Lagoa do Sino campus (UFSCar) in Buri, São Paulo State, emphasizing the influence of meteorological variables and tree characteristics on rainfall redistribution. From December 2024 to June 2025, rainfall events were monitored using 18 rain gauges beneath three trees to measure throughfall, hoses attached to five trees to collect stemflow, and three external gauges to record gross precipitation. Local meteorological data—temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, solar radiation, and dew point—supported statistical analyses including Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlations and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Throughfall accounted for 60–90% of gross rainfall, stemflow ranged from 1.5% to 11%, and canopy interception reached up to 23% during low-intensity events. Stemflow exhibited negative correlations with mean air temperature (r = −0.74) and dew point (r = −0.76), indicating greater trunk flow under cool and humid conditions. PCA identified two dominant gradients: an energy axis, comprising temperature, radiation, and solar input, which explained 59% of total variance; and a pluviometric axis, associated with total rainfall, throughfall, and rainfall variability, explaining 18.7%. These gradients delineate two distinct hydrological regimes: an energy-driven regime, characterized by enhanced evaporation and reduced canopy retention; and a rainfall-driven regime, marked by canopy saturation and increased stemflow. The findings of this preliminary investigation enhance the understanding of rainfall interception and redistribution processes in eucalyptus forests, providing valuable insights for water balance modeling, plantation management, and water resource conservation in ecologically transitional landscapes.
Aprender fazendo: jardim sensorial como metodologia ativa de ensino-aprendizado em botânica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-17) Oliveira, Isabella Mesquita de; Gissi, Danilo Soares; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7223497192057819; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5081-2803; Baron, Daniel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2054014705484176; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9542-9413; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8280383103618113; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6296-3690
This undergraduate thesis was structured into two complementary chapters. Chapter 1 presents the theoretical framework and justification of the research, addressing the issue of botanical imperception—defined as the difficulty individuals face in recognizing the importance of plants in ecosystems and human life. It discusses cultural, pedagogical, and neurophysiological causes linked to traditional Botany teaching and highlights the need for active learning methodologies, such as learning by doing, in non-formal environments. Within this context, the study proposed the use of a Sensory Garden (SG) as an educational tool that integrates sensory perception, emotion, and scientific knowledge to foster meaningful learning and environmental awareness. Chapter 2 consists of the scientific article that implemented this approach. The study was carried out with 22 students from the technical Agronomy program at Escola Estadual Ivens Vieira (Angatuba/SP), in partnership with the Conservation Biology Laboratory at the Federal University of São Carlos – Lagoa do Sino Campus (Buri/SP). The experimental design included theoretical lectures and practical activities in the SG. Statistical analyses (Student’s t test and chi-square test) revealed no significant differences between the trea and control groups (p > 0.05), leading to acceptance of the null hypothesis. Nevertheless, qualitative observations demonstrated greater engagement and curiosity among students involved in practical tasks, underscoring the SG’s formative potential for Botany education and its capacity to promote a more sensitive and lasting botanical perception.
Avaliação do impacto hidrológico do campus Lagoa do Sino da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-17) Pedrotti, Leonardo; Vasconcelos, Anaí Floriano; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6595801339743126; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3248069234173767
The changes in land use and occupation generate various impacts on the environment, including hydrological impacts, such as changes in the volume and peak flow of surface runoff. The implementation of the Lagoa do Sino campus of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) is no different and has the potential to generate these impacts. In this context, this study aims to assess the hydrological impacts of the implementation of the Lagoa do Sino Campus of UFSCar through hydrological modeling using HEC-HMS software, and to propose mitigating measures for these impacts. Understanding these potential impacts enables the adoption of mitigating measures throughout the campus's implementation, which is the most favorable phase for this. The results showed that the “Future” scenario, that is, the scenario of full implementation of the campus, will have a modest increase in peak flow and volume drained compared to the “Past” and “Present” scenarios, however the result obtained of a non-significant increase is due to the expansion of the permanent preservation areas (APP) located on the Lagoa do Sino Campus.
Microrganismos endofíticos isolados de Anacardium humile associados a óleos essenciais e fibras poliméricas para o tratamento tópico de infecções cutâneas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-17) Gonçalves, Manoela de Araújo; Corrêa, Daniel Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0461451015026948; Sousa, Cristina Paiva de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9002619114161319; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6939556889711360; Sousa, Cristina Paiva de; Paris, Elaine Cristina; Bernardi, Adilson César Abreu; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9002619114161319; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8475640212486290; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5280956129788239
Bacterial infections represent a widely recognized health problem and can be triggered by superficial or deep skin lesions. This scenario, combined with the growing number of cases of bacterial resistance, has intensified interest in research into new antimicrobials, both as complementary options and as more efficient forms of administration.Anacardium humile,A plant native to the Brazilian Cerrado and used in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries, it has potential as a source of bioactive metabolites. The microorganisms that inhabit the internal tissues of plants stand out as a promising alternative to the excessive use of antibiotics, as they act in the biological control of phytopathogens and produce metabolites of biotechnological interest. Furthermore, submicron fiber mats have proven relevant in the development of dressings, as they enable the slow release of drugs due to their large surface area and high porosity. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the endophytic microbial diversity isolated fromAnacardium humile,with emphasis on its biological control potentialin vitro and in the characterization of enzymes produced by these microorganisms, that act as producers of secondary metabolites, evaluating their physiological and morphotintorial characteristics and their antagonic functions.Of the 65 bacterial isolates, amylase (73.8%), cellulase (43%), lipase (3%) and esterase (3%) enzymatic activities were observed, however, only 4 isolates obtained relevant inhibition halos, but only 2 isolates were identified that presented positive results for the 3 clinical strains.E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans. The 16S rDNA gene of 2 endophytic bacteria isolated fromAnacardium humilewas sequenced for taxonomic identification purposes. Molecular analysis revealed the presence of 2 bacterial species, namelyBacillus subtilisandBacillus amyloliquefaciensThese bacterial species were subjected to a growth curve characterization test to evaluate the best fermentation period for the endophytic microorganisms. The endophytic metabolic extracts were combined with basil, limonene, and clove essential oils, complementing the antagonistic action against strains ofE. coli, S. aureus and C.albicans and subsequently incorporated into polymeric fiber webs produced by solution blow spinning. The incorporation of lyophilized metabolic extracts ofB. amyloliquefaciens and B. subtilisassociated with essential oils in fiber sheets of the commercial biopolymer Ecovio F2332, were produced using the solution blow spinning (SBS) technique. Although the sheets presented a smaller inhibition zone when compared to the metabolic extracts associated with essential oils, their use was necessary because the extracts presented cytotoxic results, which was not observed in the spun polymer sheets, indicating the potential of these platforms for further studies for applications in skin dressings
Brincar com elementos da natureza e na natureza: possibilidades das crianças na educação infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-17) Juliani, Lia Rodrigues; Tomazzetti, Cleonice Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4821077407620769; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6439342017656918; Santos, Maria Walburga dos; Moruzzi, Andrea Braga; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2954227254025696; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1502374705668286
Nature is fundamental theme today, children whith respectful experiences with nature tend to develop attitudes of respect and preservation of the enviroment. Children and their experiences with and in nature in Early Childhood Education, reflections on pedagogical practice permeate this research. This is an investigation, conducted at an Early Childhood Education Center in the cith of Sorocaba/São Paulo, sought to understand how children aged 2 to 4 establish their experiences through play in nature in colletive contexts, using photography as a participation strategy. The methodology adopted followed the qualitative approach, whith action research as the chosen method. The theoretical framework of this study is baseado n Tiriba, Freinet, Barbosa and Horn, Gadotti and the Curricular Guidelines in Early Childhood Education to discuss Childhood and Nature. Piorsky, Kishimoto, and Louv tolead the discussion about playing in nature. Mallaguzzi and Bondia to discuss language. Barros, Barthes, Vill, Vieira contextualize photography in research. Weffort, Infantino, Cohn to discuss the sensitive gaze and child protagonism. The research data are the image productions made by the children and the teacher. This study made it possible to reflect on the practice of photographic recording as a listeng strategy in Early Childhood Education, as well as a form of expression that allowed the teacher to have a more sensitive look at children´s experiences. It also contributed to understanding the school as a place for experiences for the children were approached as a form of visual narratives, providing new experiences for the children and the teacher through the exercise of observation and listening, and also though the construction of their pedagogical documentation, for which photographic production whith and by the children was na essential elemento. By examining her own practice to give visibility to the children´s particopation, the teacher became a protagonist, and the children appropriated new concepts constructed in the educational contexto. As a final product of this research, a blooklet of suggestions on playing with and in nature in early childhood education.
Crescimento econômico e pobreza em Moçambique: uma análise do crescimento pró-pobre (1996/97–2022/23)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-17) Novela, Cristo Filipe; Rodrigues, Rodrigo Vilela; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7066100737307566; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7907-6803; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9886300606552886; https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4942-4060; Ferro, Andrea Rodrigues; Pontili, Rosangela Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3432809140419477; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2484451282332686; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0145-8203; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8046-243X
This dissertation investigates whether economic growth, income inequality, and poverty in Mozambique, based on panel data from the country‘s provinces, can be characterized as propoor. The study aims to assess whether economic growth is associated with poverty reduction and to identify the role of structural variables related to education, health, and sanitation. The econometric results indicate that economic growth has a negative and statistically significant effect on poverty, suggesting that increases in average income are associated with its reduction. Conversely, income inequality, measured by the Gini index, has a positive and significant effect, indicating that increases in inequality are associated with higher poverty, even when controlling for other socioeconomic factors. Among the structural variables, the gross enrollment rate was statistically significant and negatively associated with poverty, highlighting the importance of school progression and retention. Health infrastructure showed negative effects and, in some specifications, statistical or marginal significance, suggesting a relevant role in reducing socioeconomic vulnerability. In contrast, basic sanitation indicators were not statistically significant in the estimated models. Overall, the results indicate that poverty in Mozambique is consistently influenced by economic growth and income inequality, while broader educational progress and access to health services represent important structural channels explaining its dynamics.
O problema da criação literária no romance "O cemitério dos vivos" de Lima Barreto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-17) Santos, Raul Almeida dos ; Marques, Wilton José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5763590592946918; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2559-9331; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3481902444389678; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2580-3737; Silva, Julio Cézar Bastoni da; Sereza, Haroldo Ceravolo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4450205068452801; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9674763800302416
Este trabajo problematiza la forma en que la temática de la creación literaria se constituye como un elemento central en la novela O cemitério dos vivos (1921), de Lima Barreto. Partiendo de una crítica literaria que frecuentemente asoció la obra con sus aspectos biográficos, la investigación busca profundizar en los procesos dinámicos de creación del escritor, reconociendo, en el tema de la creación literaria, el eje estructurador de la narrativa, dado que la novela se organiza en torno a la elaboración de un libro por parte del narrador Vicente Mascarenhas. Se observa que el acto de labor literaria promovido por el narrador configura una reflexión sobre el papel social del escritor en las primeras décadas del siglo XX y cuestiona la concepción de literatura vigente en la época, al mismo tiempo que evidencia los desafíos de mantenerse en los espacios de legitimación literaria.