Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2025-11-25"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 11 de 11

Síntese por moagem reativa de hidretos complexos multicomponentes à base de magnésio contendo vanádio: estudo exploratório de estrutura e propriedades de absorção/dessorção de hidrogênio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-25) Matheus, Felipe Henrique; Zepon, Guilherme; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924187202036614; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5852-9076; Leiva, Daniel Rodrigo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6576844591900987; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1970-6375; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1920657495546869; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8309-9127; Mazzer, Eric Marchezini; Otani, Lucas Barcelos; Floriano, Ricardo; Leal Neto, Ricardo Mendes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7273276940567054; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2519980413159984; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8893800436245833; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3270615314717988; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9208-2047; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2831-2335; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4570-105X; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5104-7392
Solid-state hydrogen storage via metal hydrides (MHs) is a promising alternative for its utilization as a sustainable energy carrier, with particular emphasis on Mg hydrides with transition metals (TM): Mg2(TM)Hx (TM = Fe, Ni or Co). However, multicomponent hydrides featuring multiple primary TMs remained largely unexplored. This thesis aimed at the synthesis and characterization of new Mg2(TM)Hx multicomponent hydrides using reactive milling with the incorporation of the TM vanadium. An initial synthesis attempt involving the elements Fe, Ni, Co, V, Cr, Mn, and Ti demonstrated the unprecedented formation of multicomponent hydrides when TM = Co, V, Fe, and Ni. Following this discovery, a systematic study was performed on the synthesis of MHs with compositions using these TMs and the characterization of phase transformations during desorption by in situ XRD using synchrotron radiation. Finally, the compositions Mg2(Fe1/3Ni1/3V1/3)Hx and Mg2(Fe1/3V1/3Co1/3)Hx were selected for an in-depth investigation of their storage properties. The results revealed good H2 absorption and desorption kinetics at 350°C. However, the hydride phase (of the Mg2FeH6 type) with multi-principal elements in the TM position proved to be poorly reversible during cycling. It was found that, after the first desorption, the transition metals segregate into cubic phases (BCC) that do not reconstitute the original multicomponent phase during absorption. Despite this irreversibility of the multicomponent phase, the resulting composite (the "milled mixture") maintained a stable cyclic storage capacity of CHmax ≈ 3.3 wt%, attributed mainly to the reversible reaction of the segregated Mg/MgH2, in addition to the fraction (< 25 wt%) of the Mg2(TM)H6 multicomponent phase that forms during H2 absorption.
Valorização de resíduos de seringueira: obtenção por via mecânica de nanofibrilas de celulose e aplicação em látex de borracha natural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-25) Evangelista, Natalia Cristina; Mattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5839043594908917; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7586-1014; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3228563363545212; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3515-3936; Silva, Caio Marcio Paranhos da; Aouada, Marcia Regina de Moura; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7793686262868668; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2870655742911951; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-0585; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2534-5553
Waste generation and environmental pollution are currently the focus of much research today. In the cultivation of rubber trees for the production of natural rubber, for example, after years of exploitation, the trees are cut down, generating large quantities of wood, which during processing generate a high volume of waste. In this context, this research project aimed to obtain porous nanocomposites from natural rubber latex and cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) obtained mechanically (defibrillator mill) from rubber tree waste, using sodium bicarbonate as a blowing agent, aiming to remove contaminants from aquatic environments. The fibers were chemically treated to remove lignin and hemicellulose, in order to evaluate the influence of these components on the mechanical defibrillation process. The resulting cellulose suspensions showed high yield (91.5%, 81.4% and 85.0%), and the one with the highest colloidal stability (zeta potential = -32.6 mV) contains the lowest lignin content (5.9%). The porous nanocomposites containing 3% NaHCO3 and 1% CNF showed higher compressive strength (TS ~ 6.2 MPa) without significant changes in elasticity. Furthermore, the surface hydroxyl groups of CNFs influenced the increase in the water absorption capacity of the nanocomposites. This study showed a promising strategy for the valorization of rubber wood residues, which, after processing, are converted into cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) that, when applied to natural rubber latex, result in porous composite materials.
A formação corporal de Pedagogas para a atuação com bebês na creche
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-25) Gouvea, Maria Luiza de Andrade; Lombardi, Lucia Maria Salgado dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5697508831302188; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6978-864X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3911596538036362; https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2243-2931
Body education in the Pedagogy course represents an essential axis for the re-education of the bodies of future teachers, so that they can work on building pedagogical proposals in which the body is recognized as fundamental in the interactions, play, arts, and learning of children. Considering dance and movement as expressive and liberating languages, this study aims to investigate how body awareness education in the Pedagogy degree course contributes to future teachers planning and developing movement experiences with babies aged 0 to 3 years in daycare. The research, of a qualitative and bibliographic nature, was developed through the survey, selection, and analysis of scientific productions on dance, body, education, and teacher training in the SciELO database, the CAPES Periodicals Portal, and the institutional repositories of USP and UNESP. The process involved critical reading, note-taking, and organization of references into thematic axes that allowed the identification of conceptions of body and movement present in the initial training of teachers. The theoretical analysis was articulated with reflection on the discipline "Education, Body and Movement" of the Pedagogy course at UFSCar Sorocaba campus, whose theoretical studies, practical experiences, and reflections favored the understanding of the body as a formative and pedagogical subject. The study focused on the analysis of dance experiences with babies as a way to enable dialogue between theory and practice. The results indicate that although gaps still exist in teacher training in body awareness, bodily and artistic experiences in the Pedagogy course enhance self-knowledge, sensitivity, creativity, and attentive listening, promoting more affective and humanizing practices. It is concluded that body awareness training is indispensable for consolidating a pedagogy in movement, based on integrality, freedom, and sensitivity in educational relationships.
Famílias em situação de imigração com crianças: acolhimento nos serviços de saúde do sistema único de saúde
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-25) Farias, Bruna Luana de Souza; Stofel, Natália Sevilha; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2447361827796110; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5928-3477; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1657434780146839; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1887-4316; Carlos, Diene Monique; Fiorati, Regina Célia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4324893981363616; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9749575561565039; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4950-7350; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3666-9809
Currently, international migration is understood to be a social determinant of health, as this phenomenon involves processes that tend to increase social and health inequities, especially when intertwined with social markers such as race, gender, and class, hindering access to health services. There is an intense migratory flow in Brazil, and children and families are part of these displacements; therefore, it is fundamental to welcome families and the perspectives and choices of children, so that their priorities, beliefs, and knowledge are considered in the planning and provision of care, for the construction of health services in various scenarios and health levels. Brazil is a country marked by the xenophobia inherent in its history of slavery; thus, health services frequently produce and reproduce violence against immigrants and their families. Given this scenario, the following question arises: How are immigrant families with children served in public health services? Objective: To understand the perception of immigrant families with children who are served in Brazilian public health services. Material and method: This is an exploratory qualitative study, whose data collection used semi-structured interviews with five families of immigrants residing in the cities of São Paulo and São Carlos, between June and July 2024. All material was transcribed and analyzed using Thematic Analysis. Results: Six categories emerged: 1- The complexity of migratory adaptation and its implications for health. 2- Experiences of prejudice, discrimination, and xeno-racism in the context of health. 3- Barriers to reception: communication and bureaucratic challenges. 4- Access to and quality of health care: between right and reality. 5- The role of children in health care: children as a protective factor against discrimination. 6- Coping strategies and resilience of immigrants. Final considerations: This study showed that the experiences of these families in Brazil, especially in the context of health, are marked by structural inequalities expressed in the confluence of nationality, race, gender, class, education, linguistic proficiency, citizenship/documentation status, length of residence in the country, and cultural differences. The interaction between these markers creates a dynamic that generates not only limitations in access to and reception in services, or barriers for people in immigration situations, but also constitutes an expression of necropower, determining which lives are considered more or less worthy of care in health spaces.
Identificação de indicadores de sustentabilidade para a aplicação e monitoramento da Política Nacional de Agroecologia e Produção Orgânica (PNAPO) e do Plano Estadual de Agroecologia e Produção Orgânica do Estado de São Paulo (PLEAPO-SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-25) Moraes, Lyvia Camargo de; Saavedra, Yovana María Barrera ; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5009165247354319; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1306-0382; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8828537745010987; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3705-5272
Agroecology and organic production have been consolidating as fundamental strategies for promoting sustainability, food security, and sustainable rural development in Brazil, strengthened through public policies such as the National Policy on Agroecology and Organic Production (PNAPO) and the State Plan for Agroecology and Organic Production (PLEAPO). In this context, the objective of this study was to identify sustainability indicators that can be used to monitor the implementation of the PNAPO and the PLEAPO. The methodology adopted consisted of bibliographic and documentary research, based on the analysis of scientific articles, official documents, and governmental plans related to agroecology, organic production, and sustainability indicators. The results show that, although guidelines and plans have been established, there are still weaknesses in the standardized use of indicators for policy monitoring, which makes the systematic evaluation of their effectiveness difficult. It is concluded that strengthening monitoring systems through the adoption of clearer and more integrated indicators is essential for consolidating the PNAPO and the PLEAPO and for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.
Espectroscopia de moléculas em contextos astrofísicos: papel das listas de linhas e das abordagens computacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-25) Eliasquevici, Rafaela; Bernardino, Kalil; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3821650154644238; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6469-0245; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5060670599388338; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7226-4756
Molecules are present in a diversity of astrophysical environments, playing important roles in their physicochemical properties. Modern telescopes significantly increase the amount and quality of spectra from the atmospheres of exoplanets, cool stars, and brown dwarfs. However, these spectra are complex, so interpreting them requires the construction of spectroscopic line lists. Databases with different methodologies and applications provide molecular spectroscopic data. In this context, ab initio quantum chemistry methods, when refined with high-resolution experimental data, represent the state of the art in generating more precise line lists. Thus, this review covers the main steps in constructing these lists, highlighting their importance in modeling astronomical spectra of hot atmospheric environments and in the reliable identification of the molecules present. It also presents the collection of spectral lines from the TiO molecule as an example of application.
A dimensão estética como acolhimento educativo das crianças: uma reflexão sobre o projeto de memórias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-25) Amorim, Carolline; Lombardi, Lucia Maria Salgado dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5697508831302188; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6978-864X; https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4901-9095
This undergraduate thesis aims to understand how the aesthetic dimension can foster a sensitive and meaningful educational environment for children at school, drawing inspiration from the principles of Reggio Emilia. The research is also based on the contributions of Stella Barbiero and Gianfranco Staccioli, who deepen the understanding of the role of aesthetics, environments, and the multiple languages of childhood in daily school life. Starting from the concept of the child as a protagonist and competent individual, the importance of active listening and a sensitive observation by the teacher towards children's expressions is discussed. The study articulates the theoretical frameworks with the experiences conducted by the author with classes in Early Childhood Education and Elementary School I, composed of children aged 4, 5, 6, and 7 years old, highlighting how spaces, pedagogical documentation, and children's productions transform the school environment into a living, expressive place that belongs to them. The research is based on a qualitative approach, of a bibliographic nature, with reflections on the author's field experiences. It is concluded that aesthetics, understood as a sensitive and relational experience, combined with the arts and the careful preparation of environments, contributes to children feeling welcomed and recognized as integral and very important members of the school community.
Sensores baseados em nanotubos de carbono e grafeno na detecção de contaminantes em alimentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-25) Aguilar, Sofia Lasso Morales; Vicentini, Fernando Campanhã; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2380414092419355; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6075-2579; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1038809818203920
This final course project presents a literature review on graphene-based and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) sensors applied to the detection of contaminants in food, focusing on studies published between 2021 and 2025. The research was structured based on systematic screening of the Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and RSC Publishing platforms, among other academic databases. In this screening phase, titles and abstracts were considered as initial selection criteria. The searches on these research platforms included only articles with a direct approach to the use of these nanomaterials in the construction of sensors for food safety analysis. The methodology adopted is qualitative in nature, with a literature review developed as a research method. This study sought to identify relevant works on the subject, highlighting the characteristics of these nanomaterials, namely: morphology, properties, and synthesis methods, as well as their uses in sensors applied to food quality control. The research results point to a significant growth in studies involving graphene and CNTs in sensors due to the exceptional physicochemical properties of these materials, such as high electrical conductivity, large surface area, ease of functionalization and high molecular sensitivity. The studies reviewed show a strong trend towards integrating these sensors with technologies focused on artificial intelligence, machine learning, and the Internet of Things (IoT), from the perspective of real-time applications. However, analyses of these studies reveal challenges such as production costs and, furthermore, persisting challenges include material standardization, stability in complex food matrices, production costs, and validation for regulatory use. It is concluded that the combination of graphene and CNTs in sensors represents a suitable technology for monitoring food quality and safety.
Modelagem estocástica de um sistema produtivo com Factory Physics e simulação de Monte Carlo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-25) Aguiar, Marzio Lopes; Barco, Clarissa Fullin; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1250853082206361; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4530-0571; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5095041832365663; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4510-7043
This work develops and applies a stochastic approach grounded in Factory Physics and Queueing Theory, implemented through Monte Carlo simulation, with the objective of quantifying and decomposing lead time in critical resources of a discrete production system. The research was conducted in an industrial plastic injection molding facility, focusing on two real injection molding machines, Machines 10 and 11, classified as bottleneck resources in the process. Operational variables such as cycle times, setup times, failures, repairs, and defect rates were statistically characterized and incorporated into a mathematical model calibrated using real data from the manufacturing environment. The simulation enabled the estimation of probabilistic distributions for performance metrics such as lead time, throughput, and work in process, as well as the evaluation of improvement scenarios related to availability, reliability, and setup reduction. The results indicated that variability has a multiplicative and nonlinear effect on production performance, being especially sensitive to the level of resource utilization. It is concluded that the integration of statistical modeling, applied physics, and production engineering provides a consistent quantitative basis for diagnosing industrial systems, prioritizing improvement actions, and supporting decision-making.
Codigestão anaeróbia de glicerol e esgoto sanitário para adequação ambiental e geração de metano em reator anaeróbio de leito fluidizado em batelada sequencial (AnSBFBR)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-25) Freitas Junior, José Arnaldo de; Silva, Edson Luiz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9720274214573371; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3194-4912; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4055806383178293; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3191-211X; Rodrigues, José Alberto Domingues; Zaiat, Marcelo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2400983698111640; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7593950695805418
The increasing production of biodiesel in Brazil has generated significant volumes of crude glycerol, a low-value byproduct with potential environmental liability. In this context, wnaerobic digestion emerges as a promising alternative for the energetic valorization of these residues. This study evaluated the anaerobic codigestion of glycerol and synthetic domestic wastewater in anaerobic sequential batch fluidized bed reactors (AnSBFBRs), investigating organic matter removal efficiency, cosubstrate conversion, methane generation, and removal of emerging micropollutants. Two reactors were operated with different support materials (sand – AnSBFBR/A and shredded tire – AnSBFBR/P), varying cycle time, feeding mode, and organic loading rate. Operational parameters (pH, alkalinity, volatile acids) and the removal of seven micropollutants—caffeine, ibuprofen, diclofenac, atenolol, propranolol, sucralose, and carbamazepine—were monitored. Under intermediate operational conditions, both reactors maintained high organic matter removal efficiencies, above 75% during the first five phases, reaching maximum values of 91.7% for AnSBFBR/A (Phase 3: CT – 8 h; B – 15 min; 0.5 gCOD·L-1) and 96% for AnSBFBR/P (Phase 2: CT – 8 h; FB – 3 h; 0.5 gCOD·L-1). The addition of glycerol as a cosubstrate favored methane production (44.91% and 53.69% in AnSBFBR/A and AnSBFBR/P, respectively) but also intensified acidogenesis. From Phase 6 (CT – 8 h; 0.7 gCOD·L-1) onward, a progressive accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFA) was observed, leading in Phase 8 (highest glycerol load applied, 1.5 gCOD·L-1) to a decrease in COD removal efficiency (74.4% in AnSBFBR/A and 64.7% in AnSBFBR/P), an increase in VFA concentrations (≈48 mg·L-1 in AnSBFBR/A and ≈45.8 mg·L-1 in AnSBFBR/P), and a reduction in pH (6.90 in AnSBFBR/A and 6.80 in AnSBFBR/P), indicating acidification and organic overload that inhibited methanogenic activity. Regarding micropollutant removal, compounds such as caffeine, atenolol, propranolol, and sucralose showed the highest removal rates, especially in AnSBFBR/P, which achieved up to 98.2% removal for caffeine and 90.9% for atenolol. In contrast, recalcitrant pharmaceuticals such as diclofenac and carbamazepine exhibited modest or even negative removal efficiencies, indicating persistence in the medium and the need for complementary technologies for their mitigation. The results demonstrate that the AnSBFBR configuration is a promising alternative for treating wastewater containing emerging micropollutants, combining high organic matter removal, efficient cosubstrate conversion, and renewable biogas generation. This study contributes to advancing the understanding of micropollutant behavior in anaerobic fluidized bed systems and provides insights for operational optimization aimed at improving wastewater treatment efficiency.
Os saberes profissionais das coordenadoras pedagógicas da educação infantil: uma análise dos registros no âmbito de um processo formativo em uma rede do interior paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-25) Ragonha, Eliani; Onofre, Márcia Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7176529351192598; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5467-185X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1036111402099843; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0748-0214; Onofre, Marcia Regina; Assis, Muriane Sirlene Silva de; Moura, Taís Aparecida de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7176529351192598; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3283708100330653; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9808925706175685; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5467-185X; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5545-3531
This study argues for the importance of investing in teachers professional development and in strengthening the qualified training role of pedagogical coordinators, as well as their contribution to reflecting on and improving the quality of training processes in early childhood education schools and systems in our country. In this sense, our focus is on investigating the continuing education of a group of pedagogical coordinators at this stage of basic education, through the description of processes and the analysis of documentary records of the actions carried out, aiming to understand the professional knowledge produced in this process. The guiding question of the study seeks to understand which forms of professional knowledge are produced in the continuing education of pedagogical coordinators in early childhood education, oriented toward the reflective process of professional practice. To develop the study, we adopted a descriptive method, based on a documentary research methodology with a qualitative approach, using as instruments the analysis of public data and personal records related to continuing education meetings conducted with pedagogical coordinators in early childhood education in 2016, within a municipal school system in the interior of the state of São Paulo. The theoretical framework was grounded in authors from the epistemology of practice, such as Tardif (2022), Schön (1997), Nóvoa (2023), Alarcão (1996, 2005), and Imbernón (2016). The analyses were organized into thematic axes derived from the study objectives and research question. The results reveal that the central axis of continuing education programs should be reflection on the practice of the professionals involved, aiming at improving teachers’ practices and fostering the autonomous thinking of participants. Within this process, beyond the knowledge constructed through continuing education, the identity of the early childhood education pedagogical coordinator was collectively shaped. Some gaps were also identified: the use of the same content and methodologies for coordinators across all schools, without considering different contexts of practice; the need to be present in schools alongside coordinators, discussing their challenges in situ; the necessity of developing a municipal curricular document; and the absence of continuing education initiatives carried out by the municipality in direct partnership with universities.