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Antropometria e biomecânica na performance de praticantes de calistenia: uma revisão narrativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-28) Piovezan, Pedro Henrique; Tomaeli, Stephanya Covas da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5106127124303560; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4073-643X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9911937664573314; https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5143-3349
Calisthenics, originally a 19th-century gymnastic method, has evolved over the decades and is now widely recognized as a form of bodyweight-based exercise. Its versatility, characterized by minimal equipment requirements, combined with its increasing popularity, has drawn growing interest from the scientific community. Objectives: To analyze and correlate anthropometric parameters that may influence performance in calisthenic exercises, identify key anatomical and biomechanical factors associated with this modality, and map research gaps and trends to guide future investigations. Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and SciELO, including studies published between 2010 and 2025 in English, Portuguese, and Spanish. The search focused on studies investigating anthropometric and biomechanical parameters related to performance in bodyweight-based physical exercises. Results: A total of 25 studies were included. The main finding indicates that lower body fat percentage and a higher proportion of lean mass are consistently associated with better performance in calisthenic exercises. Other variables, such as segmental measurements, training experience, and biological maturity, were also discussed, although less consistently across studies. Conclusion: Body composition emerges as a central determinant of performance in bodyweight exercises. From a practical perspective, these findings suggest that calisthenics training programs should prioritize body composition management combined with individualized technical progressions to optimize performance and reduce injury risk.
O papel do exercício físico e da nutrição na perda de peso: uma revisão de literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-28) Alcântara, Leticia Carvalho de; Castro, Cynthia Aparecida de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4608878460951651; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2675-8069
Obesity is a multifactorial condition associated with an increased risk of several noncommunicable chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Its management requires sustainable strategies involving changes in eating behavior and regular physical activity. Although both approaches are effective, the isolated and combined roles of exercise and nutrition in weight loss and weight maintenance are still under discussion. This study aimed to analyze, through a literature review, the role of physical exercise and nutrition in the weight loss process, highlighting the isolated and combined effects of these interventions. For this purpose, a bibliographic review was conducted in the PubMed, SciELO, and Google Scholar databases, covering the period from 2020 to 2025. Clinical trials conducted with overweight or obese adults focusing on non-pharmacological interventions were included, while narrative reviews and studies without dietary or exercise control were excluded. After applying the eligibility criteria, 38 studies were selected and organized into three categories: isolated physical exercise, nutritional interventions, and the combination of these interventions. Isolated physical exercise proved to be a tool with a modest effect on weight loss but effective in promoting metabolic adaptations, improving insulin sensitivity, and reducing inflammatory markers. Nutritional interventions showed more significant reductions in body fat and improvements in lipid profile, especially hypocaloric and Mediterranean diets (centered on plant-based foods, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and olive oil, with low consumption of meats and processed foods). Combined strategies that integrated balanced eating and structured exercise programs demonstrated a greater magnitude of fat loss, preservation of lean mass, and long-term weight maintenance. Therefore, the integration between adequate nutrition and regular physical exercise constitutes the most effective and sustainable strategy for obesity management, promoting not only weight reduction but also improvements in metabolic health and quality of life.
Conhecimento e percepções sobre o climatério e fatores associados à gravidade dos sintomas em mulheres brasileiras: estudo transversal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-28) Lourençon, Gabrielly Ferrez; Gonzaga, Sabrina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4832339402925246; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3915-7120; Driusso, Patricia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8898319491890063; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8067-9786; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9418352519570269; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8067-9786
Introduction: Menopause is defined as the transition phase between the reproductive and non-reproductive periods, characterized by a decline in female hormones and associated with physical, urogenital, and psychological symptoms that can cause doubts, uncertainties, and compromise women's quality of life. Objectives: To evaluate the knowledge and perceptions of Brazilian women about menopause and to identify associations between biological, gynecological, and sociodemographic factors in the severity of menopause symptoms. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, approved by the Ethics and Research Committee of the Federal University of São Carlos (CAAE: 81614824.1.0000.5504). Women aged between 40 and 65 years were included and answered a structured online questionnaire regarding social profile, gynecological and obstetric history, knowledge about menopause, and the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS). Data were analyzed using Jamovi 2.5.3 software through descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation, and multiple linear regression (p ≤ 0.05). Results: 607 women participated, with a mean age of 48.9 (±6.1) years; 421 (69.36%) resided in the Southeast region, 237 (39.04%) had completed high school, and 331 (54.53%) were in stable relationships. Most women, 500 (82.37%), had children, and among these, 181 (29.82%) had two pregnancies. Regarding the total number of participants, 351 (57.80%) women menstruated in the last year, where 312 (88.80%) of these reported menstrual pain, with a mean intensity of 6.6 ± 2.6, considered moderate to intense. Among the most well-known symptoms of menopause are hot flashes (82.04%), vaginal dryness (75.78%), joint pain and fatigue (77.92%), sleep disturbances (66.23%), mood swings (84.86%), decreased libido (78.25%), reduced self-esteem (73.48%), and depression (59.80%). In the MRS, the domains presented averages of 6.4 (±3.8) for the somato-vegetative domain, 8.3 (±4.3) for the psychological domain, and 4.7 (±3.3) for the urogenital domain, with a mean total score of 19.4 (±10.5). There was a negative correlation between the total MRS score and education level (r = -0.145) and income (r = -0.234), and a positive correlation with the number of pregnancies (r = 0.161) and the presence of menstrual pain (r = 0.285). In multiple regression (R²aj = 0.061; p < 0.01), age, number of pregnancies, and menstrual pain were associated with higher MRS scores, while white ethnicity and private healthcare were predictors of lower MRS scores. Conclusion: Women have greater knowledge about the most common symptoms of menopause, and sociodemographic and gynecological factors influence the severity of symptoms assessed by the MRS, especially in the psychological domain. These findings highlight the importance of educational strategies and comprehensive care to improve quality of life during menopause.
Modelagem estocástica de ativos e derivativos financeiros: do movimento browniano à equação de Black–Scholes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-28) Cavalcante, Agariel Martins Gomes; Diniz, Marcio Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8948404469003829
This work aims to discuss the main theoretical developments in the field of financial asset behavior modeling. It begins by presenting Bachelier’s model for Brownian motion, then proceeds to take the continuous limit and derive the Fokker–Planck equation. A derivation of the Central Limit Theorem is also included. Subsequently, stochastic calculus is introduced through its distinctions from deterministic calculus, with particular emphasis on Itô’s Lemma. The Black–Scholes equation is presented using different theoretical and economic arguments, and its solution is provided. Some limitations of the models are discussed, and subsequent developments are indicated. The study concludes that these models hold importance not only from a historical perspective but also from a methodological one, and they remain central to the field, with increasingly refined modifications aimed at understanding financial market phenomena.
O ritmo da manhã na pedagogia Waldorf como articulador do corpo, movimento e conteúdos curriculares na aprendizagem das crianças
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-28) Cravo, Felipe Henrique; Lombardi, Lucia Maria Salgado dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5697508831302188; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6978-864X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4395851133112503; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6588-8976
This qualitative research, of bibliographic nature, investigates the role of the morning rhythm in Waldorf Education as an articulator of the body, movement, and curricular content in children’s learning. The aim of this study is to understand how this daily practice, structured through rhythmic, musical, bodily, and imagetic elements, contributes to the student’s integral development and to a meaningful experience of the content. The theoretical framework is grounded in the principles of Anthroposophy developed by Rudolf Steiner, as well as in authors who discuss human development, movement, rhythm, and learning from the perspective of Waldorf Education. The methodology consists of a bibliographic study based on works by Rudolf Steiner and other scholars in the field, complemented by the analysis of detailed observations conducted during mandatory teaching internships in elementary education. The results indicate that the morning rhythm is not merely an introductory moment or a supplementary pedagogical practice within the school routine, but a fundamental pedagogical device that integrates body, feeling, and thinking, strengthening the will to learn and preparing the student for subsequent cognitive work. It is concluded that the morning rhythm organically and intentionally articulates movement, aesthetic experience, and curricular content, constituting a pedagogical practice aligned with the anthroposophical conception of human development that guides Waldorf Education.
Entre acolhimento e "adaptação": brincar e cuidar na chegada das crianças na educação infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-28) Silva, Letícia Ferreira da; Nascimento, Angelica Paola dos Santos Ferreira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1606867523617086; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6361-899X; Santos, Maria Walburga dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2954227254025696; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9304-5800; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9720277094188154; https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5729-6738
This final course paper aims to research, through available literature, the difficulties and strategies used by education professionals during the school adaptation period in early childhood education institutions, and to investigate how play and sheltering can assist in this process. To this end, a qualitative bibliographic research was carried out through searches in databases of theses and dissertations on the subject, where three dissertations were selected for analysis, all with field research that allowed verification through direct observation of the practices carried out by education professionals in school institutions. It was observed that the difficulties reported often highlight the lack of direct planning that takes into account the specificities of this period, as well as the strategies, although helpful, lacking directions based on the needs of children and families. Thus, a weakness is noted regarding theoretical and legislative support, requiring greater guidance to orient teachers to navigate this period.
Organização de partituras: uma proposta a partir do estudo de caso da Banda Filarmônica Cardeal Leme
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-28) Oliveira, Marcella Bortoni de; Zafalon, Zaira Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1584935790390793; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4467-2138
This thesis aims to propose a manual for the organization of music scores designed to facilitate and expedite the retrieval of these documents. The research originates from the observed lack of accessible and systematized methods for the processing and retrieval of published music. This deficiency compromises the access, use, and preservation of these documents, thereby directly impacting their primary users: musicians. Methodologically, this is an applied research study with exploratory objectives, employing a qualitative approach and a descriptive character. It is structured in three stages: a literature review, a case study, and the development of a practical proposal. The literature review covered the origin and definition of music scores, the organization of collections within information units, and the specific characteristics of musical documents. The case study was conducted with the Cardeal Leme Philharmonic Band (Banda Filarmônica Cardeal Leme), located in Espírito Santo do Pinhal, São Paulo state. This study allowed for a diagnosis of the collection's physical condition and an understanding of the historical importance of the scores to the institution. Based on this analysis, a methodological proposal for organization was developed, structured in ten stages ranging from the acquisition and sorting of documents to circulation control. The proposal details technical procedures for cleaning, housing, cataloging, labeling, and physical arrangement, based on library best practices. The study indicates that the application of the proposed methodology provides standardization, greater efficiency in information retrieval, and the proper preservation of the collection, thereby extending and expanding its use. Furthermore, the developed model is adaptable and can serve as a reference for other bands, music schools, and similar archives. It is concluded that the systematic organization of music scores contributes to the valorization of the cultural and historical heritage of institutions, strengthening their institutional memory and expanding the role of the librarian in the management of special collections.
Representações sociais de ciência em memes: uma análise semiótica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-28) Simplício, Paula Roberta Galvão; Pierson, Alice Helena Campos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3749421379531019; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5418-3418; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7758604302091323; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9920-9925; Fernandes, Hylio Laganá; Pezzo, Mariana Rodrigues; Santos, Adriana Cavalcanti dos; Santos, Nádson Araújo dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1315602045624096; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4686352453726023; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6659666517367641; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6038242905803170
This thesis aims to analyze the social representations of science in memes through a semiotic analysis, understanding how these cultural artifacts reveal perceptions, common sense, and discourses about science in contemporary digital culture. The research is based on Serge Moscovici's Theory of Social Representations and Peirce's Semiotics, from Santaella's perspective, starting from the premise that memes are symbolic manifestations, full of meanings that, when circulating on networks, translate ways of thinking and signifying scientific knowledge in everyday social and cultural life. This is a qualitative, documentary research study of a set of memes collected from the internet and archived in a personal file. To organize the corpus, a division into two main axes of analysis was created. The first, called "Science: its contents and characters," encompasses memes that appropriate scientific concepts, popular knowledge, and historical figures of science to construct effects of humor, irony, and social criticism. The second, entitled "The teaching of science in the view of memes," includes those that specifically address pedagogical practices, student difficulties, and the tensions and conflicts of the educational process. The analysis revealed that memes can function as mediators between scientific discourse and the social imaginary, evidencing the loss of neutrality when appropriated in the digital context and reinterpreted in cultural, social, and political practices, materializing the tensions between formal knowledge and everyday knowledge. In this way, humor and irony operate as discursive strategies of approximation, allowing subjects to communicate perceptions about science from different perspectives. Finally, the research reveals that the social representations of science expressed in memes do not diminish the value of scientific knowledge, but rather reinscribe it in a network of symbolic meanings that makes it closer to everyday realities. By articulating semiotics and social representations, this thesis contributes to the understanding of the relationships between science, language, and culture in contemporary social collectives. In this way, memes can translate, with humor and a critical tone, the ways of thinking, feeling, and acting in science in the connected world.
A produção orgânica na agricultura familiar: motivações, desafios e perspectivas em Botucatu – SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-28) Pimentel, Gabriela Carrara; Duval, Henrique Carmona; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1127516712972199
This study aims to analyze the main motivations, challenges, and benefits of organic production among family farmers in the municipality of Botucatu – SP, seeking to understand how this practice is consolidating itself as a sustainable alternative to the conventional model of agricultural production. The study is based on the growing need to rethink the current agro-industrial system, originating from the Green Revolution, whose productive expansion has generated significant socioenvironmental impacts, such as soil degradation, biodiversity loss, and the exclusion of small producers. The methodology adopted was qualitative and descriptive, based on semi-structured interviews with family organic producers active in municipal fairs and regional associations. The analyses were complemented by secondary data on public incentive policies – such as the National School Feeding Program (PNAE), the Food Acquisition Program (PAA), and the National Plan for Agroecology and Organic Production (PNAPO). The results indicate that the main motivations for adopting organic production are linked to family health, environmental preservation, and the continuity of traditional practices transmitted between generations. It was found that, despite the financial and bureaucratic difficulties related to certification and the lack of consumer recognition, producers perceive significant gains in terms of quality of life, job creation, and sustainability in their agricultural practices. It is concluded that organic family farming represents a strategy of resistance and transformation, linking economic production, environmental responsibility, and social inclusion, whose expansion depends on the strengthening of public policies and the technical training of producers.
Composição corporal, força muscular respiratória e qualidade do sono de crianças e adolescentes com asma e saudáveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-28) Camis, André Arana; Oliveira-Costa, Ester Laura Cordeiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2530781500200557; https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9107-259X; Garcia-Araujo, Adriana Sanches; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0104886088821769; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6491-6240; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5482536352705966
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway inflammation, which can cause dyspnea, chest tightness, and wheezing, with variable and reversible airflow limitation. Excess weight exacerbates symptoms through the action of pro-inflammatory cytokines that can reduce respiratory muscle strength (RMS). Objectives: To compare inspiratory muscle strength, body composition, and sleep quality in children and adolescents with asthma and apparently healthy individuals. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted with participants aged 6 to 17 years, with asthma and apparently healthy individuals. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to characterize the sample for body composition, manovacometry for respiratory muscle strength, and a questionnaire for sleep quality. Results: Sixteen children and adolescents participated in the study, 6 with asthma and 10 apparently healthy. There were no significant differences in respiratory pressures and body composition between the groups. The group with asthma presented worse sleep quality compared to the apparently healthy group (7.6 ± 4.03 vs. 2.8 ± 1.87 and p: 0.053). Regarding correlations, in the asthma group, higher fat mass was associated with worse sleep quality (r = 0.942; p = 0.016) and lower inspiratory muscle pressure (r = -0.868; p = 0.013). In the apparently healthy group, there were no significant correlations. Conclusion: In this sample, there was no difference in respiratory muscle strength and body composition between the groups. The asthma group presented worse sleep quality, with higher scores on the sleep questionnaire. The asthma group showed strong associations between inspiratory pressure and percentage of fat, as well as with fat mass and sleep quality, with higher fat mass being associated with worse sleep quality and respiratory muscle strength in children and adolescents with asthma.
O ensino dos jogos de invasão nas aulas de Educação Física de uma professora inovadora nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-28) Simão, Evandro Ferreira; Souza, Leonardo Sampaio de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6415616631526736; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5490-0854; Souza Júnior, Osmar Moreira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9176123942671062; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2915-5634; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0495671942687907; https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7198-7113
Team sports, from a sociocultural perspective, often face the challenge of insufficient teacher planning and a lack of inclusion in school Physical Education, where they are characterized as practices of "teacher abandonment" or "just rolling the ball around." Therefore, we posed the following research question: How are Invasion Games planned and taught in Physical Education classes by a teacher with innovative practices? Thus, the general objective was to understand the pedagogical practice of an innovative Physical Education teacher in teaching Invasion Games. Specifically, we aimed to identify and analyze which educational processes emerge from the Physical Education teacher's lesson planning in invasion games. The research adopted a qualitative approach, opting for a case study to understand the aforementioned pedagogical practices. Semi-structured interviews and field notes were used as data collection instruments. Seven classes on invasion games were observed in three 4th-grade classes at a public school in the city of São Carlos, SP. For data analysis, we used the Category Coding method. The results and discussion of this study showed that the concept of "innovative teacher" was understood from the educational processes. That is, her practice proved to be different by going beyond the "roll the ball" method, presenting a planned and objective pedagogical practice using the game methodology as a teaching strategy. Her innovation as a teacher was based on the diversification of content, allowing her teaching-learning process to go beyond traditional sports, showing students that there are other invasion sports less known in everyday life, but which can be played in and out of school. It can be concluded that the educational processes reported in diversification and adaptation establish an efficient model for the rise of inclusion, engagement, and the overall development of students in the school Physical Education environment.
Fotoiniciadores aplicados em processos de fotopolimerização para impressão 3D
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-28) Medeiros, Maiara da Silva; Cruz, Sandra Andrea; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9632409046763256; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5548-0166
One of the most relevant additive manufacturing techniques is 3D printing by photopolymerization, enabling the production of complex structures with high precision and tunable mechanical properties. In this context, photoinitiators play a crucial role, since their proper selection directly influences curing rate, dimensional stability, and process safety. This work aimed to conduct a systematic and exploratory literature review on the mechanisms of action of photoinitiators (radical and cationic, including Norrish Type I and II reactions); their selection criteria, such as spectral compatibility, polymerization kinetics, and practical requirements; as well as their applications; limitations; and recent advances. The methodology was based on the critical analysis of scientific articles, theses, and patents published in the last decade, retrieved from national and international academic databases. The results showed that radical systems provide high curing speed but are limited by oxygen inhibition, whereas cationic systems exhibit lower volumetric shrinkage and higher stability, although they are slower and moisture-sensitive. Furthermore, a growing trend was observed towards the development of visible-light-activated photoinitiators and hybrid systems, which combine efficiency and sustainability, with promising applications in biomedical and advanced industrial fields. It is concluded that the evolution of photoinitiators for 3D printing is directly associated with the pursuit of solutions that integrate technical performance, safety, and environmental sustainability, paving the way for future developments in bioprinting and sustainable manufacturing.
Estudantes mulheres com altas habilidades/superdotação na educação superior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-28) Belotti, Kamila Caldeira; Rangni, Rosemeire de Araújo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6399149504309769; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8752-9745; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4120260761705014; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8392-6370
This Final Course project investigated the academic and socio-emotional experiences of five adult women assessed as giftedness in Brazilian higher education. The type of research undertaken was descriptive qualitative. Five gifted students participated, two undergraduate and three graduate students, who responded to a questionnaire. The results obtained were: a) none of the participants were recognized institutionally or offered any type of specialized support by the university; b) the participants were identified in adulthood (average age of 26.6 years); c) they reported boredom, intellectual underchallenge, extreme self-pressure, impostor syndrome, social isolation, unanimous preference for individual work, and pursuit of extracurricular activities as their only source of stimulation; and d) it was found that although the three dimensions (above-average ability, creativity, and engagement with the task) are present in the participants, they feel a lack of inclusive practices and gender stereotypes. It is concluded that there is an urgent need to create services to identify these students in higher education and provide specialized support; viable and legally guaranteed measures that can transform exclusion into a true flourishing of female talent.
Preservação de jogos eletrônicos: perspectiva transversal de pesquisas e iniciativas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-28) Cruz, Vitória Eduarda Cavalaro; Zafalon, Zaira Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1584935790390793; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4467-2138
This research addresses digital preservation with a focus on electronic games. The main objective is to identify initiatives and digital preservation policies related to videogames, linking theoretical discussions in Information Science with practical preservation efforts in Brazil and abroad. The specific objectives are: to define electronic games as informational and cultural objects; to review the literature on digital preservation; to map national scientific production on the subject; and to identify preservation initiatives applied to this medium. This is an applied, exploratory, and qualitative study based on bibliographical and documentary research. Data collection and analysis followed a mapping approach and categorical content analysis. The results indicate that national academic production on the topic is recent and concentrated among a few researchers and institutions. In practice, significant initiatives such as the National Videogame Archive, the Stop Killing Games movement, and Brazil’s Museu do Videogame Itinerante illustrate diverse preservation efforts. The study concludes that although the discussion on digital preservation of videogames is expanding, methodological, legal, and institutional challenges remain to be addressed for the development of sustainable preservation policies in Brazil.
Efeitos de um programa de treinamento de xadrez sobre a cognição, humor, e qualidade de vida em pessoas idosas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-28) Costa Filho, Vicente Monteiro da; Gratão, Aline Cristina Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7873339343111119; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8508-0251; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2285790265637822; Gratão, Aline Cristina Martins; Inouye, Keika; Faustino, Andrea Mathes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7873339343111119; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7558935747100052; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6583997878577232; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8508-0251; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3570-0704; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5474-7252
The growing increase in the elderly population with cognitive impairment highlights the need for strategies that promote the preservation and protection of cognition in this age group. In this context, chess presents itself as a potentially beneficial practice. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of chess training on cognitive ability, mood, and quality of life in a group of older adults attending a Senior Community Center located in a city in the interior of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Method: The research adopted a quasi-experimental, quantitative approach with a pre- and post-intervention design, involving weekly training sessions. The sample consisted of 25 older adults, of whom 22 completed the study (12 in the Chess Intervention Group and 10 in the Control Group – waiting list, three were excluded due to withdrawal because of health problems.), with three participants excluded due to health-related withdrawal. The classes were structured using the Sessa Platform, which served both as an evaluation tool and as a resource for the systematic teaching of chess. The intervention lasted for six months, with weekly one-hour sessions (24 in total) lasting 1 hour. Data collection instruments included a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life for Older Persons (WHOQOL-OLD). Data were tabulated and analyzed using Jeffrey’s Amazing Statistics Program (JASP), version 0.18. Results: The results showed that most participants were female, divorced, belonged to the C2 economic class, and practiced physical activity. The comparison between the pré - and post-intervention moments of the Chess Intervention Group (GIX) revealed a significant improvement in the domain of chess knowledge (p=0.009), as measured by the Sessa platform, reflecting progress in learning and concentration ability. Significant effects were also observed for anxiety symptoms (p=0.008), as well as positive trends in the domains of memory (p=0.062) and visuospatial function (p=0.056). Conclusion: It is concluded that chess may represent a relevant non-pharmacological intervention for the care of cognitive and emotional health in the older population.
Fungos endofíticos de Paspalum: potencial de promoção de crescimento vegetal, biocontrole e solubilização de rochas fosfatadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-28) Pedrino, Isadora; Lacava, Paulo Teixeira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8947678349043750; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3184760872628758; Moraes, Amanda; Fávero, Alessandra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9594817050230250; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4329892306148506
The prospecting of endophytic fungi with biotechnological potential has emerged as a strategy for developing microbial inoculants capable of reducing dependence on chemical fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture. In this context, this study evaluated the performance of endophytic fungi isolated from Paspalum—a genus of perennial grasses widely distributed throughout the Americas and recognized for its high resilience and forage importance—with a focus on plant growth promotion, inorganic phosphorus solubilization, and the biocontrol of Colletotrichum sp., a phytopathogenic fungus that causes anthracnose. Three isolates were selected for characterization from a collection of 385 endophytic isolates: PN F 4-21 (Talaromyces sp.), PN R 3-1 (unidentified), and PN F 9-7 (Penicillium sp.). The in planta assays were conducted with Paspalum regnellii under greenhouse conditions, allowing simultaneous evaluation of growth promotion and biocontrol. In parallel, the in vitro analyses included the solubilization of four phosphate sources (Araxá and Bayóvar phosphate rocks, triple superphosphate, and calcium phosphate), the characterization of hydrolytic enzymes, and a qualitative test for potassium solubilization. The production of IAA, flavonoids, and acid phosphatase activity was determined through solid-state fermentation. The isolate PN F 4-21 promoted increases in vegetative growth, greater biomass accumulation, and reduced anthracnose severity in P. regnellii, in addition to exhibiting high acid phosphatase activity and expressive solubilization of calcium phosphate. The isolate PN R 3-1 (unidentified) did not yield positive responses in plant development but showed high efficiency in phosphorus solubilization across all evaluated sources and presented hydrolytic activity, including pectinases and protease. The isolate PN F 9-7 exhibited relevant phosphorus solubilization for Araxá and Bayóvar phosphate rocks and calcium phosphate, as well as the highest levels of IAA and flavonoids among the isolates, although without effects on plant growth under the evaluated conditions. The results demonstrate the diversity among Paspalum endophytic isolates and reinforce their potential as a biotechnological basis for developing microbial inoculants applicable to sustainable agriculture.
Microplásticos: caracterização e identificação em corpos hídricos do interior do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-28) Schio, Natalí da Silva; Fadini, Pedro Sérgio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3255060531838427; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9916003002438166; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4484-501X; Urban, Roberta Cerasi; Waldman, Walter Ruggeri; Corbi, Juliano José; Canela, Maria Cristina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7313670290572985; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0616238673458322; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4071346575135201; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0089739298242263
Microplastics (MPs) are emerging contaminants widely distributed in aquatic environments, whose persistence and mobility have raised increasing concern within the scientific community. This study investigated the occurrence of MPs in four inland water bodies of São Paulo State, Brazil (Monjolinho, Jundiaí, and Tietê rivers, and Barnabé stream) between 2022 and 2024, and assessed their ecotoxicological effects on Chironomus sancticaroli. A total of 13,121 particles were quantified in water samples and 1,053 particles in sediments, with concentrations ranging from 0.11 to 4.38 items/L in water and from 59.05 to 379.97 items/kg in sediments. Seasonal variations were evident, with lower concentrations recorded during dry periods and higher concentrations during rainy periods, underscoring the role of rainfall in the surface transport of microplastics. Spatially, downstream sites of wastewater treatment plants exhibited higher concentrations, corroborating the hypothesis that these facilities function both as sinks and secondary sources of MPs. Physical characterization revealed a predominance of fragments and fibers, followed by films and microbeads. The most frequent colors in sediments were black (19.85%), white (16.14%), and brown (15.10%), while in water, they were black (22.5%), blue (16.7%), white (11%), and green (11%), suggesting predominantly secondary sources. Chemical characterization identified 32 polymer types, with polyethylene (PE; 32.3% in water, 29.8% in sediment), polypropylene (PP; 30.5% in water, 14.0% in sediment), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET; 8.9% in water, 10.7% in sediment) being the most abundant. In ecotoxicological bioassays, C. sancticaroli larvae were exposed to PP and PA 12 particles at three different concentrations. Although no statistically significant differences in mortality were detected. Importantly, the ingestion of MPs by this species was confirmed for the first time using Py-GC/MS, which detected characteristic chromatographic peaks of PA 12 in exposed larvae. This work constitutes the first integrated survey of MPs in rivers of São Paulo State, providing evidence regarding their sources, environmental dynamics, and interactions with benthic organisms. The findings emphasize the urgent need to include MPs in Brazilian environmental monitoring programs and contribute to the standardization of analytical protocols for future ecological risk assessments.
A alfabetização inclusiva com enfoque no espectro autista: uma revisão narrativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-28) Neves, Caroline Salvador; Santos, Izabella Mendes Sant'Ana; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7860235863062183; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9381-350X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2118978885368114; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7730-3129
Literacy for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a right guaranteed by national and international legislation, such as the 1988 Federal Constitution, the Brazilian Inclusion Law (Law nº 13.146/2015), and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UN, 2006; BRAZIL, 2015). In the context of inclusive education, this right requires pedagogical practices grounded in the uniqueness of the autistic learner, respecting their pace and ways of learning. This study aims to discuss, through a narrative review of the scientific literature, the literacy process of children with ASD, considering the difficulties encountered in inclusive school settings. To achieve this, the paper is organized into three sections: first, a brief contextualization of Special Education in Brazil is presented; next, some international milestones of Inclusive Education and relevant policies in Brazil are outlined; finally, the literacy process of children with ASD is examined, addressing pedagogical practices and the challenges faced in regular schools regarding inclusion and the development of these students. Based on the literature consulted, the literacy process of children with ASD highlights the need for specific teacher training; the importance of collaborative work among teachers and other education professionals; as well as the use of adapted technologies and materials, and the value of playful, visual, and affective practices as resources for literacy. It is also emphasized that, although progress has been made in terms of public policies and academic production, gaps persist in teachers’ continuing education, in the structuring of effective classroom practices, and in the meaningful inclusion of students with ASD in the literacy process. Thus, the urgency of a pedagogical approach centered on diversity, respect for differences, and the guarantee of the right to quality education for all is reinforced.