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As possibilidades de ação da terapia ocupacional em uma Instituição de Longa Permanência para idosos e suas reverberações formativas: um relato de experiência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-22)
Araújo, Beatriz Financi
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Oliveira, Marina Leandrini de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4017135326666314
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4405738885572167
Introduction: Based on empirical data, population aging is a growing process and, beyond being a stage of life, it has become a relevant social issue that reveals a society that is socially, economically, and politically unprepared to support and guarantee the rights of older adults. In this context, Long-Term Care Institutions for Older Adults (LTCIs) play an important social role by providing shelter and care for the elderly population. However, for these institutions to effectively promote comprehensive care, a multidisciplinary team of professionals capable of addressing the intrinsic issues and specific needs of this population is required. Among these professionals, the occupational therapist stands out. Objective: This study aimed to report the experience of an occupational therapy student during an internship at an LTCI in a municipality in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil, and to understand the possibilities of occupational therapy practice as a technical and scientific field of knowledge. Methodology: The methodological approach was based on an experience report derived from the observation of occupational therapy practice, as well as from institutional records and written notes produced by the intern over a four-month period. Results: The occupational therapy actions and their main objectives were described, establishing four analytical domains to technically systematize such practices: relationship, articulation, mediation, and professional training. Conclusion: It is concluded that the relational domain constitutes the foundation of all occupational therapy actions developed within the LTCI, demonstrating that the bonds established among the occupational therapist, older adults, staff, family members, and the community are essential for expanding support networks and positively transforming daily institutional life. Articulation, mediation, and professional training are also essential components for the development of new theoretical and methodological frameworks in occupational therapy as a field of knowledge. The practices carried out in the LTCI revealed the difficulty of technically describing occupational therapy actions, given that occupational therapy encompasses a wide range of possibilities and objectives. Finally, it is reaffirmed that aging is a universal process among living beings but is experienced in singular ways and trajectories. Therefore, promoting and ensuring healthy and dignified aging also requires a strong commitment to the education and training of future professionals.
Cartografia institucional das reestruturações no sistema estadual de extensão rural na região Sudeste do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-26)
Souza, Fernanda Maria Castro de
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Borsatto, Ricardo Serra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5988987575101933
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7594-479X
The work analyzes the historical process of formation, consolidation, and restructuring of public Institutions of Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (ATER) in the states of the Southeast Region of Brazil, focusing on the trajectory of EMATER-MG, EMATER-RIO, INCAPER-ES, and CATI-SP. A documentary and bibliographic analysis was carried out, covering state legislation, institutional reports, historical memorials, and academic publications that address the evolution of rural extension in the country. From the creation of the first Rural Credit and Assistance Associations in the 1940s and 1950s, through the national coordination carried out by ABCAR and later by EMBRATER, which was dissolved in 1989, marking a turning point, generating systemic disarticulation and requiring each state to autonomously reconfigure its ATER structure, which resulted in different arrangements in the Southeast region. Minas Gerais managed to maintain institutional continuity, consolidating a stable network of offices and participatory methodologies. In Espírito Santo, the integration between research and extension gave rise to Incaper, which is considered today a model of articulation between technology generation and transfer. São Paulo structured its own system through CATI, prioritizing decentralization and municipal technical support. Meanwhile, Rio de Janeiro experienced a path marked by political-administrative instabilities, mergers, and changes in affiliation. It is concluded that, although rural extension remains strategic for family farming and territorial development, its current effectiveness depends on stable funding, state policies, and the appreciation of the technical staff, since state systems still reflect the historical inequalities and disruptions that marked their formation.
Precificação de ativos utilizando cadeias de Markov e aprendizagem por reforço: uma possível abordagem para previsão financeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-28)
Moraes, Lucas Gabriel Bassan de
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Cardoso, Claudio Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0332061570052918
Markov chains and Reinforcement Learning methods have emerged as promising tools for modeling complex stochastic systems, especially in financial environments characterized by uncertainty and volatility. In this context, the present work proposes the joint application of these approaches to the pricing and forecasting of financial assets, using Petrobras (PETR4) and Vale (VALE3) stocks as case studies. The developed model integrates the probabilistic dynamics of discrete-time Markov chains with the adaptive capabilities of the Q-Learning algorithm through reinforcement learning, enabling the agent to adjust its buy and sell decisions based on the defined accumulated rewards. The methodology was implemented in the Python programming language and evaluated using the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) metric, comparing the simulated results with the real values of each asset over predefined periods and algorithm-defined parameters. The obtained results demonstrated that the model is capable of consistently representing the evolution of asset prices, showing better performance over shorter training horizons depending on the asset. This behavior reinforces the potential of integrating stochastic techniques and machine learning methods for financial forecasting in emerging markets.
O controle vagal da circulação periférica pulmonar na cascavel modula ajustes hemodinâmicos relevantes à mudança de temperatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026)
Leite, Cléo Alcantara Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2031764784233552
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5648-5903
Level of Traffic Stress, Urban Pavement Service Index, and road slope combined for the evaluation of a 5-, 10- or 15-minute Neighborhood
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026)
Kodama, Gabriella Mie Hanada
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Monari, Marcelo
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/7387240110294967
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/5944412594047895
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https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7863-7405
The X-minute Neighborhood (XmN) concept advocates the development of self-sufficient territorial units that encourage active travel, contribute to reducing dependence on private motorized vehicles, and mitigate urban sprawl. Despite its theoretical significance, the concept remains poorly systematized for large-scale application, a limitation largely stemming from the difficulty of developing a universal approach. The objective of this study was to combine key variables influencing bicycle use into a cyclability index to evaluate the adherence of spatial units to the XmN concept. To demonstrate the proposed approach, a case study was conducted in the Cidade Jardim neighborhood of São Carlos, SP, Brazil. The method comprised the geoprocessing of open and field-surveyed spatial data in GIS; georeferencing of bicycle Trip Attractors (TAs); assessment of Level of Traffic Stress (LTS), Urban Pavement Service Index (ISU), and road slope for cyclable road segments under mixed traffic; formulation and calculation of a cyclability index for these segments; and evaluation and mapping of 5mN, 10mN, and 15mN conditions. The results yield a straightforward visual and numerical interpretation of the cyclability potential and the XmN potential of the case study, reflecting an optimistic outlook for the studied neighborhood. However, none of the input variables account for motorized traffic flow when assessing the operational quality of cycling routes. Therefore, care must be taken to complement the proposed approach with methods and techniques that address this variable, such as updated versions of the LTS classification. Furthermore, not all TAs required to fulfill this framework are currently present within the neighborhood.
As necessidades informacionais sobre a menopausa: resultados de uma pesquisa com mulheres no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026)
Andrikonis, Juliana Buzinaro
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Furnival , Ariadne Chloe Mary
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/2121898429151597
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810
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https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9520-4714
A menopausa é um processo natural esperado para mulheres cisgênero, mas a escassez de informações claras e a persistência de tabus culturais sobre esta fase da vida da maioria das mulheres dificultam o acesso a recursos que poderiam auxiliar nesse período. A pesquisa adota uma abordagem descritiva, exploratória e quantitativa via um survey, com coleta de dados por meio de um questionário online. Foram obtidos 208 questionários completos válidos. Houve respostas de 18 estados brasileiros. Os achados sugerem que, mais do que diferenças regionais, a busca por informação é influenciada pelas necessidades informacionais decorrentes das fases do climatério, bem como pela capacidade e autonomia das mulheres na busca por informação. Conclui-se que a área da saúde poderia se beneficiar da integração de serviços de informação sob a ótica da Ciência da Informação, especialmente para grupos invisibilizados, nos quais o acesso a informações baseadas em evidências pode ser limitado.
A pulsão de morte como agente de transformação: novos caminhos em Freud
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026)
Kazmarek, Julio Moya
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Soria, Ana Carolina Soliva
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/2903416522364971
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7762-3981
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/3049122030189484
In 1920, when Sigmund Freud introduced the second drive theory in his book “Beyond the Pleasure Principle” (1920/2010d), he triggered a major turning point in psychoanalysis with the emergence of the concept of the death drive. In the first phase of psychoanalytic theory, it was believed that clinical treatment could offer a definitive solution to the problem of civilizational malaise, for example, through the sublimation of the sexual drive. However, in a second phase—more specifically with the shift to the second drive theory—this "peaceful register" came to be seen as something unattainable (Birman, 2005). From this point on, a certain sense of tragicity began to permeate the Freudian thought, due to the impossibility of reconciling human psychic functioning—marked by a death drive that propels aggressive and destructive acts (Freud, 1930/2010e, p.55)—with civilization. The concept of the death drive, however, was later expanded and even reinterpreted by several of Freud’s followers, such as Jacques Lacan, Jean Laplanche, and André Green. The aim of the present study is to investigate whether, in light of the critiques and reformulations posed by these post-Freudian theorists regarding the concept of Thanatos, it is possible to develop a new paradigm that conceives the death drive as a pathway for the transformation of the individual’s psychic processes, based on its “de-objectalizing function” (Green, 1993/2009).
Registros recuperados de bases de dados bibliográficas sobre o tema competéncia digital e segurança online
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026)
Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2344-4400
A influência do narcisismo nas manifestações da pulsão escópica em Freud
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026)
Almeida, Marina Zupiroli de
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Soria, Ana Carolina Soliva
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/2903416522364971
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7762-3981
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2610137747919007
The present study investigates the possibility of correlating the voyeurism-exhibitionism pair – manifestations of the scopic drive – with the individual's narcissistic formations, based on Freudian theory. We begin with the hypothesis that the active and passive manifestations of the drive to look manifest themselves in adult sexuality propped upon the period of the ego’s structuring. We rely on the 1915 Freudian construction regarding the drive to look, which divides it into autoerotic, active, and passive stages of development and proposes an association between these and the stages of ego development: primary narcissism, object-love, and secondary narcissism. We begin by addressing Freud's first drive theory, distinguishing the drive to look from the others to highlight how it gains prominence in the transition from the first to the second drive theory. Next, we address the perversions to demonstrate that looking is positioned within the drive structure beyond a fetishistic perversion. Finally, an association between the scopic drives and narcissism is proposed, based on the infant's primordial relationship with the parents – a situation in which the child's primary narcissism emerges and in which the parents' narcissism is revived through infant care. We conclude that adult exhibitionist and voyeuristic manifestations represent the mode of operation of the narcissistic libido, the former being mirrored in the infantile narcissistic position formed through parental care, and the latter analogous to the position of revival of the parents' narcissism, which has been obscured over time.
Avaliação da segurança viária de ciclistas de Sertãozinho, São Paulo, Brasil, e proposta de ações mitigadoras com base no georreferenciamento de sinistros de trânsito
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026)
Cassanti, Isabella
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Monari, Marcelo
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/7145992897885055
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/5944412594047895
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https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9268-5013
Os sinistros de trânsito impactam significativamente o número de mortes no Brasil. A mitigação da insegurança viária é especialmente importante para proteger os usuários do transporte ativo, isto é, pedestres e ciclistas, visto que estes representam a parcela de maior vulnerabilidade na rede de transportes. Nesse sentido, registros georreferenciados de sinistros de trânsito são imprescindíveis para a elaboração de diagnósticos de segurança viária e o desenvolvimento de modelos voltados à compreensão dos fatores associados à frequência e à severidade desses eventos, além de subsidiarem a tomada de decisões para a mitigação de ocorrências futuras. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a segurança viária de ciclistas em um município brasileiro de pequeno porte (Sertãozinho, SP). Para tanto, realizou-se o georreferenciamento em SIG de 13 sinistros fatais e 223 não fatais envolvendo ciclistas no município estudado, filtrados da base de dados abertos do sistema Infosiga-SP para o período de 2015 a 2026, o que permitiu a geração de mapas de densidade de Kernel referentes à concentração desses eventos. A partir dos diagnósticos analítico e espacial, procedeu-se à identificação de 8 pontos críticos a serem auditados em campo e analisados de forma retrospectiva com auxílio do Google Street View, seguida da proposta de intervenções mitigadoras da insegurança viária de ciclistas locais, incluindo técnicas de traffic calming, provisão de infraestrutura cicloviária e adequações na geometria viária. Os resultados sugerem a simplicidade de aplicação do método e o potencial de reprodução em outros locais de estudo que disponham de informações análogas, como os demais municípios paulistas, que são integralmente abrangidos pela plataforma Infosiga-SP. Na cidade de Sertãozinho/SP, os pontos críticos de ocorrência e severidade de sinistros envolvendo ciclistas concentram-se em interseções viárias entre ruas e avenidas de maior hierarquia funcional. Ademais, condições precárias de sinalização e a escassa provisão de infraestrutura cicloviária também contribuem para a persistência desses eventos. Por fim, os sinistros fatais de ciclistas no município ocorrem frequentemente com o envolvimento de veículos pesados, a exemplo de ônibus e caminhões.
Controle de velocidade de um robô móvel autônomo utilizando lógica fuzzy
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-01-07)
Souza, Hugo da Silva e
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Inoue, Roberto Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6221209121565990
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2813-9330
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1424302433606983
The increasing adoption of autonomous mobile robots in industrial, logistics, and academic applications imposes significant challenges on speed control, especially in scenarios subject to nonlinearities, uncertainties, and load variations. Traditionally, speed control is performed using classical controllers, such as the Proportional–Integral (PI) controller, which provides satisfactory performance in linear systems but exhibits limitations under dynamic operating conditions. In this context, this work proposes the development and validation of a fuzzy logic–based speed control system applied to a differential-drive autonomous mobile robot. The fuzzy controller was designed using a Mamdani-type inference system, with the speed error and the variation of the error as input variables and an incremental control output. The methodology included experimental plant characterization, embedded system implementation, and experimental tests under different load conditions. The performance of the fuzzy controller was compared with that of a classical PI controller using metrics such as response time, steady-state error, and the Integral of Absolute Error (IAE). Experimental results demonstrate that the fuzzy controller achieved improved robustness and superior speed tracking performance, particularly under load variations, validating the proposed hypothesis and highlighting the potential of fuzzy logic for mobile robotics applications.
Prevalência de leveduras da espécie Saccharomyces cerevisiae na produção de etanol: seleção de linhagens promissoras para o melhoramento da eficiência produtiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-01-07)
Silva, Dario Sampaio da
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Cunha, Anderson Ferreira da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0329741640375661
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6773069968922725
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https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6976-4098
Fuel ethanol production in Brazil relies on the performance of industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts, which are subjected to successive stresses during the fermentative process. In this study, twenty industrial strains were evaluated through the integration of molecular and physiological analyses, using strain CAT-1 as a control, with the aim of selecting promising strains for industrial application. Molecular analyses confirmed the identity of the strains as S. cerevisiae and revealed high genetic diversity, with the formation of four main genotypic groups, in addition to strains displaying unique genotypic profiles. Physiological performance, assessed based on growth profiles in different media, enabled the calculation of the Total Performance Index (TPI), highlighting strains 2018-12, 2018-08, 2023-02, and 2022-13 as exhibiting superior growth compared to the control. Acid stress tolerance, evaluated through viability and cell concentration after acid treatment, was integrated into the Acid Treatment Tolerance Index (ATI), identifying strains 2022-15 and 2023-06 as among the most resistant. The combined analysis of TPI and ATI allowed the classification of the strains into three distinct physiological profiles: high growth performance with low acid tolerance; high acid tolerance with moderate performance; and a balanced profile between growth and stress tolerance. In this context, strains 2022-13 and 2022-04 stood out for their balanced performance, emerging as the most promising candidates for application in industrial ethanol production processes. These results demonstrate that the integration of molecular and physiological approaches is an efficient strategy for selecting yeasts adapted to the industrial fermentative environment.
Conjunto de dados da tese "A artesania sociológica de Heleieth Iara B. Saffioti (1934–2010): trajetória e práxis"
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-01-07)
Moraes, Samantha Camacam de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5705942169738314
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5058-8445
Os Awaeté e os Toria: associativismo e relações interétnicas na TI Apyterewa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-01-07)
Daniel, Sofia Scanavini
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Carvalho, Joelson Gonçalves de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0141039743607067
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4894-1400
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6231265590580046
The Apyterewa Indigenous Land, located in the state of Pará, has been subject to systematic invasions and attacks since the 1980s. Within this context is situated the Parakanã Indigenous people, who self-identify as Awaeté. This study seeks to understand the relational dynamics between the Parakanã and the Associação Indígena Tato’a (AIT), which constitutes the sole representative entity of the people in their relations with the State and partner organizations, and whose team is composed of both Indigenous and non-Indigenous members. The analysis is based on an ethnographic study conducted during the General Assembly of the Parakanã People, which served as a space for meetings among indigenist agencies, partner organizations, the AIT, and the community. In order to examine the internal functioning of the association, an interview was carried out with Tato’a’s technical advisor. Given that the focus of the research lies in the community’s perspectives on the association, semi-structured interviews were also conducted with five Indigenous participants, who articulated their views regarding the association’s work, achievements, and relationships with the non-Indigenous staff employed by the AIT. To apprehend the nuances of each interview, the method of content analysis was employed. Based on the findings of the research, it can be concluded that the relationship between the Indigenous community and the association extends beyond that of a people and the entity that represents or supports them. The AIT has become the voice, organizational form, and locus of resistance of the Parakanã people themselves, managed in accordance with their own interests. The relationship with non-Indigenous individuals working within the AIT is not devoid of criticism, yet it operates both within professional and bureaucratic domains and within the sphere of informal relations, shaped by socio-affective ties.
Avaliação do uso de sistema de automação para cultivo de cogumelo Psilocybe cubensis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-01-08)
Tacone, Allan Johnny
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Santos, André Cordeiro Alves dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2131880667704281
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6323-5200
This study evaluated the effectiveness of a low-cost automation system applied to the cultivation of Psilocybe cubensis, comparing it to traditional manual cultivation. Six cultivation greenhouses were built, three automated and three controlled, in which three main parameters were evaluated: dry weight, basidiocarp size, and total number of "individuals". The automated system controlled the temperature by hysteresis (27–29 °C) and performed programmed air exhaust cycles. The results demonstrated that the automated system produced larger mushrooms (Control: 170.64 cm and average: 56.88 cm; Automated: 223.45 cm and average: 74.48 cm), in greater quantity (Control: 15 units; Automated: 20 units); and with greater dry weight (Control: 13.085 g; Automated: 20.393 g). Although the increase in average weight was modest, the significant growth in height and total productivity indicates that temperature and exhaust control aided in the development of the basidiocarps. It is concluded that accessible automated systems can improve the efficiency and standardization of mushroom cultivation, even under simple conditions, reinforcing the potential of Agriculture 4.0 in mushroom farming. Future improvements are suggested, including the automation of humidity control and the integration of CO₂ sensors.
Surface activation of Monel 400 alloy as novel electrode for hydrogen production: insights on electrocatalysis and electroactive surface area
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-01-09)
Freitas, Jhonys Machado
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Sgarbi, Ricardo
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Ruotolo, Luis Augusto Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2068549631838036
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2388966785886132
This work investigates Monel 400 as a non-noble metal electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline media, focusing on performance enhancement through electrochemical dealloying. Controlled electrocorrosion at 0.20 V and 0.45 V for different durations produced Ni-rich porous surfaces with significantly increased electrochemically active surface area (ECSA). Among the tested conditions, dealloying at 0.45 V for 60 min delivered the best performance, with overpotentials of 240 mV at −10 mA cm−2 and 389 mV at −80 mA cm−2, a Tafel slope of 105 mV dec−1, and a 20-fold increase in ECSA relative to pristine Monel. SEM and EDS revealed the formation of a hierarchical Ni ligament network with partial Cu depletion, while EIS confirmed enhanced capacitive and transport properties. The catalyst also demonstrated stable operation for 72 h. These results highlight dealloyed Monel 400 as a robust, scalable, and efficient HER catalyst for alkaline water electrolysis.
Cônicas: uma forma interessante para abordar o tema no ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-01-09)
Zambon, Raphael Carlini
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Barros, Tomas Edson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5442017085057925
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3916639528250159
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Barros, Tomas Edson
The present study examines the role of manipulatives and digital technologies—specifically mathematical modeling and the use of GeoGebra—in the teaching and learning of conic sections, a topic often overlooked by high school mathematics teachers and one in which many students encounter considerable difficulty. The research investigated whether these approaches enhanced students’ understanding and performance, employing a methodology centered on practical challenges and computer-lab activities. Grounded in constructivist theory, the work emphasizes the importance of active learner engagement with the environment as a catalyst for meaningful learning. The project was designed to lead students to discover the conic sections through hands-on modeling, subsequently deepening their knowledge via theoretical instruction and enriching it with detailed exploration using GeoGebra. Group work in the creation of physical models initiated the discovery process. The lessons were developed in response to students’ questions and misconceptions arising during model construction, as well as to meet the curricular requirements of high school mathematics. Through modeling, problem-solving, and technological interaction with the conic sections, students experienced the mathematical content in a distinctive, contextualized, and engaging way. Keywords: Conic sections, Geogebra, manipulative models.
“Eu visto preto por dentro e por fora”: interseccionalidades entre o rap oralizado e o rap sinalizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-01-09)
Barros, Kamilly Castanha
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Vasconcelos, Stephanie Caroline Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2163002687410761
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7323-9440
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7408548722149692
This study investigates how spoken rap and signed rap converge historically and socially, taking musical experiences as a starting point for academic reflection. The research stems from the observation of the lack of debate within universities regarding art produced by Black bodies, as well as by Black Deaf bodies within rap, and seeks to understand how art becomes a space of re-existence, allowing Deaf and peripheral subjects to recognize themselves as producers of culture. Grounded in historical-dialectical materialism and an intersectional perspective, the study discusses how spoken rap and signed rap, despite their distinct structures, converge in their purposes of denunciation, resistance, and the affirmation of insurgent identities. These artistic expressions, shaped by race, class, gender, and disability, confront mechanisms of social exclusion sustained by racism and capitalism, while simultaneously breaking with Eurocentric narratives imposed by matrices of oppression. The research demonstrates that spoken rap and signed rap share not only a critique of systemic violence, but also a re-signification of the acronym RAP (rhythm and poetry) as a practice linked to social movements and strategies of aquilombamento. Thus, it is concluded that both artistic forms make it possible to retell invisibilized histories, re-signify identities, and produce new forms of collective resistance.
Aprendizado de métricas para filtragem não local e classificação de imagens tomográficas de sementes agrícolas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-01-15)
Brito, André Ribeiro de
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Levada, Alexandre Luis Magalhães
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3341441596395463
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8676076486184629
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Levada, Alexandre Luis Magalhães
Image denoising is a recurrent problem across a wide range of applications, from preprocessing in computer vision to computer-aided diagnosis. This work proposes and evaluates an enhanced Non-Local Means (NLM)–based filtering approach, termed Dual Non-Local Means (Dual NLM), which incorporates information-theoretic divergence measures to quantify similarities between image regions. We investigated the Kullback–Leibler, Bhattacharyya, Hellinger, and Cauchy–Schwarz divergences with the objective of preserving edges and fine details while more effectively reducing Gaussian noise. Experiments were conducted on 18 tomographic images from different agricultural crops (sunflower, chickpea, wheat, seed mix, jatropha, and soybean), corrupted with additive Gaussian noise of variance 𝜎𝑛 = 10. Quantitative evaluation using the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) demonstrated that the Dual NLM variants based on Cauchy–Schwarz and Kullback–Leibler divergences outperform, on average, the standard NLM and classical filters (Wiener, Anisotropic Diffusion, and Total Variation). In a subsequent stage, we investigated the usefulness of the restored images for pattern analysis. Local descriptors (patches) were extracted, and two dimensionality-reduction strategies were compared: SEI-ISOMAP (with stochastic diffusion distances) and PCA. The resulting embeddings were evaluated using trustworthiness, Pearson correlation between pairwise distances, and silhouette index, and subsequently used as input to supervised classifiers (KNN, SVM with RBF kernel, and Random Forest), whose performance was assessed in terms of accuracy and macro-𝐹1 under stratified cross-validation. The results indicate that SEI-ISOMAP provides better structural preservation and class separability than PCA, and that the combination Dual NLM + SEI-ISOMAP + Random Forest achieves the best average classification performance. Overall, the findings highlight the potential of combining information-theoretic similarity measures with diffusion-based dimensionality reduction for restoration and discriminative analysis of tomographic images corrupted by Gaussian noise.
Dieta e dispersão de sementes por lobo-guará (Chrysocyon brachyurus) em área de Cerrado antropizado, na região de Mogi-Guaçu - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-01-19)
Ercolin, Gabriele Arthur
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Rocha, Vlamir José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8044368595391973
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9889-8773
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2088701157045136
The maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus), largest canid in South America, is classified as a vulnerable species, mainly due to habitat loss and alteration, hunting pressure, risk of diseases transmitted by domestic animals and road kills. Feeding primarily on small vertebrates, insects and fruits, especially of the “wolf fruit”, the maned wolf plays an important role as a seed disperser, being essential for the maintenance of the ecosystems in which it occurs. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the feeding ecology of this species, describing quantitatively and qualitatively its diet and its role as a seed disperser in a human-modified landscape at Fazenda Campininha in Mogi Guaçu. A total of 109 scats were collected, resulting in 27 identified taxa, with Solanum lycocarpum, Poaceae and Cricetidae showing the highest frequencies of occurrence among samples. Germination test was conducted with S. lycocarpum seeds, showing a germination rate of 6% for seeds recovered from scats, whereas seeds obtained directly from fruits showed a germination rate of 2.5%, in addition to a lower mean germination time (MGT) and a higher germination speed index (GSI) for ingested seeds. Seed viability was assessed using the tetrazolium test, indicating an average viability of 90% for seeds recovered from scats. These results highlight the importance of the maned wolf in seed dispersal and the provision of ecological services, emphasizing the need for the conservation of the species to ensure the functioning of Cerrado ecosystems.