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Estudo comparativo de métodos de seleção de modelos para redes aleatórias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-08-31)
Molina, Felipe Baptistao Durante
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Cerqueira, Andressa
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/1934493281651316
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3803-9253
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/1871537351531299
In recent years, complex networks have been widely used to model systems with objects of interest, called vertices, which interact with each other by a haracteristic or relationship, represented by an edge. Through the various uses of complex networks, community detection has a great importance in the field, aiming to group vertices into the same cluster based on a given similarity between them. Thus, several models have been proposed to perform the clustering, assuming the number of communities is known previously, but this assumption is not always acceptable in real-world data. Therefore, in this work, we address the case of an unknown number of communities, that is a model selection problem, where a study has been conducted to compare selection methods for the Stochastic Block Model, including proposed methods based on normalized maximum likelihood and computationally approximated
"Construindo um homem novo": a expansão transnacional de um modelo religioso de cuidado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-08-31)
Galli, Natália Oliveira
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Garcia, Marcos Roberto Vieira
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/3911188481669270
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5668-2923
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/0311373795933086
This research, developed within the Graduate Program in Human Condition Studies at the Federal University of São Carlos (Sorocaba campus), examines the expansion and internationalization of the religious model of the Fazenda da Esperança therapeutic communities. These communities, of strictly Catholic orientation, officially count more than 100 units in Brazil and are present in another 23 countries worldwide, across 4 continents. The research aims to analyze the processes, factors, and strategies that have driven this national and international expansion, with specific objectives geared toward understanding the elements that confer social and institutional legitimacy to this expansion, including the organization's institutional capacity, its funding base, and its position within the religious field and within public policy on alcohol and other drugs. Documentary analysis and digital ethnography were adopted as the research methodology, involving extensive reading of official and publicly available documents from Fazenda da Esperança alongside the exploration of different virtual environments maintained by this network of therapeutic communities. The theoretical framework draws on Brazilian legislation concerning therapeutic communities; on the definition of therapeutic communities and the methods employed by these facilities; and on the correlation between these care facilities and their methods with psychiatric hospitalization and/or confinement in total institutions. The analysis of information about Fazenda da Esperança also required in-depth research into certain Catholic institutions and concepts, given their close relationship to the research topic. The digital ethnography revealed that this institutional expansion does not stem exclusively from its therapeutic proposal, but rather from the convergence of religious networks, the production of social legitimacy, organizational capacity, institutional communication, and the insufficiencies of mental health public policy. This growth reveals the persistence of disputes between different models of care, bringing into debate distinct conceptions of freedom, autonomy, citizenship, and recovery. The research suggests that understanding the expansion of therapeutic communities requires shifting the focus from institutional effectiveness to the social and political conditions that render certain forms of care socially legitimate.
O rio que nos olha: uma viandança pelo Rio Sorocaba
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-08-31)
Barbato, Jeff Denzin
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Santos, André Cordeiro Alves dos
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/2131880667704281
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http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6323-5200
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Mendonça, Viviane Melo de
This research is grounded in the understanding of the Sorocaba River as a living territory, where waters, memories, bodies, and landscapes form an inseparable web of affect, belonging, and relationality. In dialogue with the decolonial perspectives of Krenak (2022) and Shiva (2003), as well as the counter-colonial perspective of Nego Bispo (2023), among other authors, the river is understood as a relational subject that produces histories and ways of inhabiting the world. To this end, the study adopts viandança, as proposed by Viviane Melo de Mendonça (2022) and Daiana de Moura (2024), as its research methodology, treating walking, attentive listening, and sensitive observation as practices of knowledge production. By traversing the banks of the Sorocaba River, the investigation brings together memories, narratives, photographs, cartographies, and everyday practices that reveal continuities, erasures, resistances, and forms of coexistence among the subjects that constitute the territory. The journey demonstrates that the river actively participates in the construction of its own identity, in territorial disputes, and in collective imaginaries. Ultimately, this research proposes that it is the river itself that gazes back at us, inviting us to relearn other forms of belonging and relating to the territory.
Serviços na atenção e proteção básica à pessoa idosa: destaque nas regiões brasileiras e mecanismos de interface intersetorial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-08-31)
Mizumukai, Juliane Kiyomi
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Varoto, Vania Aparecida Gurian
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/7449531039410521
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3763-5638
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/3770267535120211
The rapid process of population aging in Brazil has increased the necessity of strengthening the care networks directed to the elderly population. In this context, the present study objectified a comparative analysis of the territorial distribution of the services of Primary Health Care (APS), of Basic Social Protection (PSB) and of Intersectoral Services destined to the elderly person in the five Brazilian regions, considering the years 2022 and 2024. The dissertation was elaborated through a qualitative bibliographic review about the challenges of APS in the care to the elderly person and of a descriptive quantitative study based on data originating from the DGeroBrasil project. Furthermore, complementary information from the National Registry of Health Establishments (CNES), SUAS Census and other official public databases were utilized. The bibliographic review identified challenges related to the essential attributes of APS, highlighting the high turnover of professionals, weaknesses in the articulation of the service network and difficulties of access to the assistance. As demonstrated in the analysis of the services, in the year 2022, 31,514 services of APS, 15,994 of PSB and 4,281 Intersectoral Services were identified. The proportional analysis demonstrated the existence of regional inequalities, with greater population coverage of services in the South region and greater proportions of services per municipality in the North region. Between 2022 and 2024, an increase of 5,749 units was observed in APS, totaling 37,263 services, while PSB registered an increase of 491 units, reaching 16,485 services. In counterpoint, the reduction of 875 Health Posts and of 203 teams of the Family Health Strategy was verified. In the Intersectoral Services, an increase of the registries of Municipal Councils of the Elderly Person was observed, from 821 to 4,027. However, the unavailability of standardized data for part of the intersectoral devices in 2024 limited the temporal comparison and the complete analysis of this component. It is concluded that, despite the amplification of the offer of services directed to the elderly population between 2022 and 2024, important territorial inequalities persist in the distribution of the resources of health, social assistance and intersectoral protection. The results of the study reinforce the importance of planning, of monitoring and of the strengthening of the care networks, as well as of the qualification of information systems, aiming to promote greater equity in the care to the Brazilian elderly population.
Terapia ocupacional e educação: em busca de encontros na Argentina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-08-31)
Pacheco, Maria Alice Vieira
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Borba, Patrícia Leme de Oliveira
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/4193205735379897
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9654-8593
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/2873910124140747
La Terapia Ocupacional ha ampliado su inserción profesional en el sector de la educación en diferentes países, incluyendo algunos latinoamericanos; sin embargo, la producción científica sobre esta actuación en la región se concentra principalmente en países como Brasil, Colombia, Chile y Argentina, tal como lo evidencia una investigación reciente realizada en el marco del Grupo de Investigación “Cidadania, Ação Social, Educação e Terapia Ocupacional”, en la línea de investigación “Escola, Terapia Ocupacional e Inclusão Radical”. Asimismo, a través de esta investigación, se identificó la consolidación de un importante campo de actuación de la terapia ocupacional en el sistema educativo argentino. Ante este escenario, esta investigación tuvo como objetivos conocer y analizar la constitución del campo profesional de la terapia ocupacional en el sector de la educación en Argentina; comprender la organización del sistema educativo argentino y las formas de inserción profesional de terapeutas ocupacionales; sistematizar y analizar los documentos normativos que orientan esta actuación; e identificar las principales acciones desarrolladas por estos profesionales. Para ello, se realizó una revisión de mapeo, articulada con la investigación documental y la realización de entrevistas en profundidad con terapeutas ocupacionales que se desempeñan en el sistema educativo argentino. Se identificaron 20 artículos científicos, de los cuales 4 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión de la investigación; se analizaron 136 documentos de la literatura gris, de los cuales se incluyeron 31–totalizando 35 documentos, además de la realización de 5 entrevistas. Los resultados evidencian que la actuación de la terapia ocupacional está institucionalizada en la modalidad de educación especial, sustentada por marcos regulatorios públicos. Las prácticas desarrolladas se concentran en el acompañamiento de niños, adolescentes y jóvenes con necesidades educativas especiales, extendiéndose a las familias, a los equipos escolares y a los territorios, lo que demuestra una trayectoria consolidada de inserción de la terapia ocupacional en el sistema público de educación argentino y da cuenta de su potencial para promover la participación, la inclusión y el derecho a la educación.
Construções condicionais-concessivas insubordinadas com nem que no português brasileiro: uma análise cognitiva-construcional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-09-01)
Santos, Amanda de Lira
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Hirata-Vale, Flávia Bezerra de Menezes
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/2797556968074056
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/7783247508797024
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4928-6671
This study presents an analysis and description of insubordinate conditional-concessive constructions introduced by nem que in Brazilian Portuguese (BP). In accordance with Evans’s (2007) proposal, constructions are considered insubordinate when they are conventionally used as main clauses, even if at first glance they appear to be formally subordinate. For this research, grounded in the assumptions of Construction Grammar (Goldberg, 1995; 2006; Traugott and Trousdale, 2013), the general objective is to describe and analyze the formal and functional configurations of insubordinate conditional-concessive constructions in BP, with a focus on their degrees of independence and semantic specialization. As for the hypotheses, it is assumed that insubordinate constructions with nem que, within the domain of insubordinate conditional-concessive constructions, exhibit specific formal and functional patterns that distinguish them from spontaneous constructions and, despite vestiges of compositionality that set them apart from formulaic constructions, diverge from the prototypical semantic nuances of conditionality and concessiveness, acquiring more opaque textual-discursive meanings. To test these hypotheses, the corpus comprises instances of insubordinate conditional-concessive constructions drawn from the Corpus do Português/NOW (Davies and Ferreira, 2007). Methodologically, qualitative and quantitative methods of analysis are combined, with a particular focus on the qualitative treatment of the data for testing the hypotheses, with the aim of contrasting the findings with previous research, particularly on Spanish (Martínez Caro; Alba-Juez, 2021; Elvíra Garcia, 2016; Royo-Viñuales, Van Linden, 2022), French (Royo-Viñuales, Van Praet, Degand, 2022), and Portuguese (Hirata-Vale, 2015; Lira and Hirata-Vale, 2025). The results corroborate the hypotheses formulated and demonstrate that insubordinate constructions with nem que exclusively use inflected verb forms in the subjunctive mood, in the present, past, or future tenses, semantically associated with non-concrete, potential, or counterfactual situations and events that cognitively activate the broader conditional domain, despite the partial retention of the parameters of conditionality proposed by Dancygier (1998). Furthermore, a statistically significant association is observed among the pragmatic function, semantic frame, and verb tense of these constructions, which highlights their symbolic pairing in terms of Construction Grammar (Goldberg, 1995). Finally, a syntactic-semantic-pragmatic continuum is proposed, based on the continuum of insubordination proposed by Hirata-Vale (2015), in which the three identified microconstructions function pragmatically as addenda, refutations, or replies and are distributed gradually, ranging from more compositional uses dependent on the immediate discursive context to highly conventionalized uses endowed with procedural values (Traugott and Dasher, 2002), such as “nem que a vaca tussa!”. Finally, it becomes evident that the (inter)subjective nature of these constructions is related to their scalar strength and to the expression of negative emotions, such as irony, which emerge gradually and in proportion to the degree of conventionalization of each microconstruction.
Jung, comentador de Freud (1902-1913): contribuições para uma epistemologia da psicologia analítica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-09-01)
Cook, Daniel Donizete
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Maniakas, Georgina Carolina de Oliveira Faneco
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/1207794266426572
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9047-5111
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/0727438925782952
This dissertation investigates the period between 1902 and 1913 in Carl Gustav Jung’s intellectual trajectory, focusing on his role as a commentator on Sigmund Freud and highlighting his contribution as an empirical validator of psychoanalysis. Moving away from the traditional historiographical view that casts him merely as a "dissident disciple" of Freud, this research positions Jung as a key collaborator dedicated to establishing the scientific validity of psychoanalysis during its early stages. Structured in three chapters, the work first traces Jung’s medical and psychiatric training, emphasizing his critique of mechanistic materialism and his clinical and experimental experience at the Burghölzli psychiatric hospital under Eugen Bleuler. It then analyzes his partnership with Freud, his theoretical and practical output, and his public defense of psychoanalysis in the face of academic resistance. Finally, the study examines the process of theoretical differentiation that led to the early development of analytical psychology, presenting conceptual divergences regarding the nature of libido - redefined by Jung from an energetic, desexualized perspective - and the introduction of mythological studies. The study concludes that analytical psychology is not a negation of psychoanalysis but rather a critical dialogue that fostered a broader understanding of the unconscious and the psyche.
Funcionalidade e impacto de fatores contextuais em lactentes com e sem risco biológico nos dois primeiros anos de vida: evidência com metodologia remota
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-09-02)
Abreu, Raissa Wanderley Ferraz de
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Rocha, Nelci Adriana Cicuto Ferreira
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/2035754554780009
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0595803592033851
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Santos, Denise Castilho Cabrera
Telehealth, or digital health practice, gained relevance during the COVID-19 pandemic, expanding the use of remote strategies for the care of vulnerable populations. In this context, this thesis verified the functioning and contextual factors associated with the activities and participation at home of infants and children born with biological risk in the first two years of life, through remote assessment and monitoring. Thus, five studies were conducted that produced evidence with remote methodologies developed during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Study I aimed to compare gross motor skills and the presence of opportunities in the home environment, as well as to verify the impact of these opportunities at home on the motor skills of infants with biological risk before and after 6 months of age. It was found that the group over 6 months had more toys compared to the younger group, and a greater variety of stimulation and having more gross motor toys were associated with better gross motor skills outcomes. Study II identified facilitators and barriers to home participation for infants with and without biological risk during the first year of life. Environmental factors, such as greater caregiver willingness to change, younger mothers with higher levels of education, and a facilitating home environment, contributed to greater participation in the group of infants with biological risk. In relation to the group without risk, factors such as younger mothers with higher levels of education and less willingness to change, a facilitating home environment, and higher family income promoted greater home participation. Based on these results, and with the aim of expanding knowledge about participation and its intervening factors in the home setting beyond the first year of life, Study III was conceived and developed. Its objective was to describe the e-Followkids protocol for the remote monitoring of functioning and contextual predictive factors in children at 12, 18, and 24 months who were born with biological risk. Study IV evaluated the feasibility of this protocol (e-FollowKids) in Brazil and its association with sociodemographic factors (family income, education, maternal age, and number of siblings). A recruitment rate of 56.86%, adherence of 79.31%, and sample loss of 20.68% were achieved. Mothers reported high satisfaction, good understanding, and acceptability of the protocol, with a low percentage of identified barriers (19.5%) to follow-up. There was no association between feasibility according to mothers' perception and sociodemographic factors. Finally, Study V compared the home participation of infants and children with and without biological risk at 12, 18, and 24 months, verifying the trajectory of participation and associations with environmental 12 factors and functional abilities in the group with biological risk. Children with risk showed higher frequency at 12 months, while those without risk showed greater involvement at 18 months; at 24 months there was no difference between the groups. In the at-risk group, engagement increased at 24 months, and in the non-at-risk group, frequency and engagement were higher at 18 and 24 months compared to 12 months. Greater mobility and environmental support were associated with greater engagement at 12 months. At 24 months, higher scores in functional skills such as daily living and social/cognitive activities, as well as environmental support, were associated with greater participation, while lower scores for the general home environment and less mobility were associated with a greater desire for change on the part of the caregiver. Home environmental factors at 12 months did not predict participation at 24 months. The results obtained in this thesis can begin to support evidence-based practice, through remote methodologies, in the area of child development. Furthermore, it fosters the relationship between health components and contextual factors, based on the principles of dynamic and multidirectional interactions in infants and children in the first 2 years of life. Thus, it favors the promotion of actions and/or programs in public policies in child health, for monitoring functioning in this crucial developmental phase, considering the caregiver as a modulating agent of the environment and remote methodologies as a means of intervention.
Digital agriculture technologies, efficiency, and climate resilience: evidence from soybean production in São Paulo State, Brazil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-09-02)
Colaço, Larissa Gui Pagliuca
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Carrer, Marcelo José
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/6178330814144839
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8511-2543
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/6107286550573438
Agricultural technologies play an important role in improving farm performance. Precision agriculture technologies (PATs) aim to enhance input-use efficiency, whereas climate-smart agriculture (CSA) encompasses a set of technologies and management practices designed to increase resilience and reduce climate-related risks to agricultural productivity. Stochastic production frontier (SPF) models have been widely used to evaluate the relationship between technology adoption and farm performance using observed farm-level data rather than experimental or simulated settings. However, SPF literature still lacks both comprehensive synthesis and empirical evidence on how agricultural technologies - particularly emerging digital and CSA technologies - are associated with farm performance through distinct efficiency pathways. In addition, there remains a need for updated farm-level evidence, particularly in Brazil, one of the world's leading agricultural producers, where information on the adoption and impacts of these technologies remains limited. This thesis addresses these gaps by investigating how and to which extent agricultural technologies and management practices are associated with the technical efficiency (TE) and climate resilience of soybean production in São Paulo State, Brazil. Specifically, the thesis pursues three complementary aims: (i) to synthesize the existing evidence on the pathways through which agricultural interventions are associated with farm performance; (ii) to assess the association between PATs adoption and farm-level TE; and (iii) to evaluate whether CSA technologies and practices are associated with TE and resilience under adverse weather conditions. The empirical analyses are based on primary farm-level data collected from 152 soybean farms in São Paulo State, Brazil, during the 2023/2024 season. The first empirical analysis applies the SPF model with heteroscedasticity in inefficiency term to evaluate the association between adopting an integrated bundle of PATs (soil maps, variable-rate fertilizer application, yield monitors, and agricultural management software) and TE of soybean farms. In the second analysis, the latent class SPF model was employed to assess the yield sensitivity of soybean production systems to climate shocks under different levels of CSA adoption, given the climatic conditions of the 2023/2024 growing season, which was marked by above‑average temperatures and below‑average rainfall. The empirical results indicate that adopting PATs as an integrated bundle is associated with considerably higher TE than adopting the technologies in isolation, highlighting the importance of complementarities among digital technologies. Similarly, farms characterized by higher levels of CSA adoption exhibited greater TE and lower sensitivity to climatic shocks than low-intensity adopters. Together, the systematic literature review and the empirical analyses contribute to a better understanding of how agricultural technologies and management practices are associated with farm performance. The findings of the thesis provide novel and robust empirical evidence on the relationships among PATs, CSA technologies, technical efficiency, and climate resilience. Overall, the findings highlight the potential of those technologies to support more productive, resilient, and sustainable soybean production systems under increasing climate variability.
Análise comparativa dos custos associados ao modelo "Ageing in Place" e às instituições de longa permanência para pessoas idosas no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-09-02)
Moraes, Urias Marcos Pires de
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Itria, Alexander
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/7278290457268315
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http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7500-0230
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/8356979728669870
Population aging increases the need to discuss care models that combine autonomy, safety, quality of life, and economic sustainability. In this context, the concept of Ageing in place emphasizes the possibility of aging in the usual living environment while preserving social ties, identity, and participation, provided that adequate housing conditions, support networks, and access to services are available. This study aimed to understand the social and economic implications of the Ageing in place model based on scientific literature and documentary evidence, in comparison with institutional care provided by Long-Term Care Institutions for Older Adults (ILPIs). A scoping review was conducted, complemented by a descriptive analysis of a home adaptation budget and estimates of the costs associated with institutional care. The review included 13 studies, which were analyzed using methodological procedures compatible with their respective designs. The findings indicated that Ageing in place may contribute to the preservation of autonomy, identity, sense of belonging, social participation, and continuity of family and community relationships. However, its implementation depends on environmental, functional, and socioeconomic conditions, as well as on the availability of support networks and services. The analyzed budget estimated an initial investment of BRL 22,542.00 for home adaptations. For ILPIs, reference costs updated to August 2026 resulted in an estimated monthly cost ranging from BRL 4,804.58 to BRL 7,138.24 per older adult. The comparison showed that these amounts have different economic characteristics and do not allow a conclusion regarding overall economic superiority between the models. It is concluded that Ageing in place represents a care option that requires adequate support, while ILPIs remain an important component of the long-term care network. The findings reinforce the need for integrated strategies involving housing, health, social assistance, accessibility, and support for informal caregivers.
Elaboração e análise de indicadores de patentes sobre produção de pó e ligas de alumínio utilizadas em manufatura aditiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-09-02)
Andrade, Luis Andre Sousa
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Faria, Leandro Innocentini Lopes de
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/0767710394930118
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8369-1315
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Gargarella, Piter
Aluminum (Al) alloys for additive manufacturing (AM) present challenges such as high reflectivity, susceptibility to solidification cracking, and defect formation, which have been gradually overcome through the development of new alloys and the optimization of powder production. This study aimed to develop and analyze patent indicators on powder production and aluminum alloy development for AM, mapping the state of the art, technological trends, and key players in the field, based on data from the Derwent Innovations Index (DII) database processed with Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools in VantagePoint software. The results reveal a gradual shift from the use of conventional aluminum alloys, particularly those belonging to the 6xxx and 7xxx series, toward compositions specifically designed for AM. Modified alloys containing Ti, Zr, and Sc are particularly prominent, primarily because of their potential to reduce solidification cracking susceptibility and control defect formation during processing. Regarding powder production, gas atomization remains the dominant technology due to its high productivity, scalability, and cost competitiveness. Nevertheless, alternative approaches, including ultrasonic and centrifugal atomization, continue to attract technological interest because of their ability to produce powders with improved morphological characteristics and reduced defect populations. The geographical analysis identifies China as the leading center of patent activity, with universities and research institutions playing a major role in the development of new alloy compositions, whereas companies are more strongly focused on gas atomization technologies. The resulting indicators provide strategic support for research, development, and intellectual property protection in the sector, enabling the identification of innovation gaps and the monitoring of global competition.
Ondas de ódio: o deslocamento de contradições materiais para o gênero no discurso da extrema-direita digital brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-09-03)
Mazzon Camargo, Maysa
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Leite, Kelen Christina
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/0993995005511082
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8590-1857
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5336595963732305
This study analyzes how gender-targeted hate speech from the Brazilian digital far right displaces material contradictions onto moral and identity-based terrain, turning gender into the privileged axis of antagonism. It examines three instances of discursive circulation, with varying degrees of regulation and visibility, treated as simultaneous rather than successive. Experimentation takes place in anonymous forums, mediation on mainstream platforms, and transnational moral legitimation in think tanks and political networks. The theoretical framework articulates Discourse Analysis (Pêcheux and Courtine) and Paveau’s technodiscursive approach with the contributions of Davis, Fraser, Brown, and Butler. In the experimentation instance, posts from Brazilian IPs on 4chan between 2013 and 2024 were examined through log-likelihood significance analysis (G²; Dunning) and topic modeling with BERTopic (Grootendorst), followed by close reading of discursive sequences. The articulation between digital methods and Discourse Analysis makes it possible to move from large-scale archives to analyzable selections without forgoing the reading of discursive materiality. In the mediation instance, the corpus comprises posts from two X/Twitter profiles, collected with Zeeschuimer and organized in 4CAT. In the legitimation instance, public documents from the Instituto Conservador-Liberal and the Political Network for Values were examined, along with a speech delivered at one of the latter’s transnational events. Across all three instances, the analysis found the same operation: a material loss is stated with precision and, in the same gesture, blamed on women. No path of formulations was observed between the instances. What connects them is the statement of a natural division of roles between the sexes, which appears as transverse discourse in the forum and on social media and as a principle in institutional documents; the transit occurs through actors, not through formulations. The study concludes that gender functions as a mechanism for concealing material conflict, in an operation that recurs irregularly and multidirectionally across the instances.
Os desafios na formação de professores amazônidas: enfrentamentos do PARFOR na realidade das comunidades no interior do Amazonas.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-09-03)
Lobato, Sandréia Pantoja
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Tomazzetti, Cleonice Maria
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/4821077407620769
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1976-4604
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/0892690384682027
This research focuses on the training of Amazonian teachers, analyzing their educational paths up to graduation in the Pedagogy course at the Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM) within the scope of the National Program for the Training of Basic Education Teachers (Parfor). The main research question investigates the existence and effectiveness of public training policies sensitive to regional specificities, aimed at teachers who live and work in communities, villages, districts, and municipalities in the interior of the Amazon. The general aim is to "investigate the initial training process of Amazonian teachers, their challenges, and the reality experienced in the communities belonging to the municipality of Barreirinha/AM”. As specific objectives, the research aims to characterize the current scenario regarding the reality of basic and higher education in the state of Amazonas, with a focus on the training of Amazonian teachers; to review the teacher training policy of Parfor, taking into account the experiences and accounts of student-teachers; to understand the educational journey of the student-teachers in the UFAM-Parfor Pedagogy course and their perceptions about becoming teachers; and finally, to uncover the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the academic training of student-teachers and on the experiences of students in Amazonian communities. This is a qualitative, participatory study, including bibliographic research, document analysis, and fieldwork. The theoretical framework relies on authors in the field of teacher education (Nóvoa, Tardif, among others) and on Lev Vygotsky's Historical-Cultural Theory, linking human development, diversity, culture, and territory. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews and the formative reports of 33 Parfor student-teachers, and analyzed using the Dialectical Method. The results reveal challenges marked by the precariousness of educational management in rural contexts and instability in work relationships, difficulties in accessing and staying in the teaching degree, and a generalist initial training through Parfor, whose Course Pedagogical Project barely addresses local specifics and needs. The research results indicate that contextualized teacher training requires recognizing and integrating educators' cultural and territorial knowledge, strengthening education in the fields, waters, and forests. Finally, a more effective commitment from educational public policies and Higher Education Institutions to the initial and ongoing training of Amazonian teachers is considered, valuing the Amazon territory and the sociocultural diversity that constitutes it.
Research Data for the Article “Towards Social Affordances for Mental Health Chatbots: Perspectives from University Students”
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-09-04)
Silva, Grasiane Cristina da
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Souza, Paula Maia de
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Neris, Vânia Paula de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0903980771347574
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/0268728255033469
Reconhecimento de expressões faciais usando deep learning: uma análise comparativa sistemática em cenários de mundo real
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-09-04)
Pacini, João Victor
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Levada, Alexandre Luis Magalhães
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/3341441596395463
This work presents a systematic investigation into the performance and robustness of deep learning architectures applied to Facial Expression Recognition (FER) in real-world scenarios. The central motivation lies in the importance of emotion recognition as a fundamental component of human-computer interaction, with applications ranging from telehealth to social robotics, focusing on performance in real-world scenarios. The main objective is to analyze the impact of the domain shift phenomenon on the transition from controlled laboratory data to dynamic real-world environments, as well as to mitigate the effects of occlusions and class imbalance. To this end, a comparative evaluation of spatial feature extraction models was conducted, including the ResNet50V2, EfficientNetB0, and ConvNeXt Tiny networks, as well as a temporal hybrid model composed of a ConvNeXt architecture integrated with an LSTM recurrent network equipped with attention mechanisms. Spatial modeling experiments revealed the superiority of the ConvNeXt Tiny model pre-trained with large datasets, which achieved an overall accuracy of 87.16% on the RAF-DB dataset, highlighting the crucial role of the statistical normalization step and sequential pre-training. In contrast, cross-validation tests revealed a drastic 53% drop in model performance when exposed to domain transfer between RAF-DB and CK+ (with accuracy declining to 34.05%), highlighting the conceptual fragility in the face of variations in poses and occlusions. In temporal experiments with the CK+ dataset, the hybrid architecture demonstrated high performance under strict subject-independent validation, reaching 95.14% overall accuracy when tracking facial muscle dynamics to the peak of expression. Additionally, ablation studies focused on class imbalance indicated that simple weighting methods in the loss function (Class Weights) outperformed synthetic interpolation strategies in latent space (SMOTE) and pixel space (MixUp), preventing overfitting and preserving subtle facial distortions. It is concluded that, although modern deep architectures exhibit high hierarchical representation capabilities, practical generalization is still severely limited by domain shift, highlighting the future relevance of domain adaptation and explainability techniques.
Efeitos do tratamento com Lipoproteínas de Baixa Densidade (LDL) na expressão da ADAM10 em células neuronais e endoteliais: uma investigação molecular dos fatores de risco modificáveis para demência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-09-04)
Targas, Ana Beatriz Aparecida
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Cominetti, Márcia Regina
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/3725318894555272
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6385-7392
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/8277471313927852
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive and multifactorial neurodegenerative disease whose pathophysiology involves neuronal, vascular, and metabolic alterations. Among the modifiable risk factors associated with dementia, lipid metabolism, particularly elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), has received increasing attention due to its potential contribution to vascular and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction. However, the mechanisms through which this metabolic factor may interfere with neurodegenerative processes remain poorly understood. In this context, ADAM10, the major constitutive α-secretase in the central nervous system, participates in the non-amyloidogenic processing pathway of amyloid precursor protein (APP), reducing the formation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide. Considering that cholesterol contributes to the organization of cell membranes and may modulate APP processing, alterations in cholesterol homeostasis may influence ADAM10 activity and, consequently, the non-amyloidogenic pathway. This study aimed to establish and characterize an in vitro BBB platform using a triculture system composed of hCMEC/D3 endothelial cells, astrocytes, and SH-SY5Y cells differentiated into neuron-like cells, in order to investigate the effects of LDL exposure on ADAM10 gene expression. SH-SY5Y cells were differentiated using retinoic acid (10 µM), and the tri-culture was established in a Transwell system and characterized by transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and immunofluorescence analysis of Claudin-5 and GLUT-1. To standardize the treatment conditions, cells were exposed to 25–200 µg/mL LDL, and metabolic activity (AlamarBlue®) and cell density (sulforhodamine B, SRB) were evaluated. The tri-culture was subsequently exposed to 50 and 100 µg/mL LDL, and ADAM10 expression was quantified by RT-qPCR in SH-SY5Y cells (6 and 24 h) and endothelial cells (24 h). The tri-culture exhibited significantly higher TEER values than the hCMEC/D3 monoculture, with a progressive increase over 24 h, and the expression of Claudin-5 and GLUT-1 was confirmed in endothelial cells. The LDL concentrations tested did not significantly alter metabolic activity or cell density, nor did they significantly affect ADAM10 expression in any of the cell types or experimental time points evaluated. Thus, the hypothesis that LDL exposure would reduce ADAM10 expression was not confirmed. Nevertheless, this study established an initial in vitro BBB platform integrating endothelial, neuronal, and astrocytic components, providing a foundation for future investigations into modifiable metabolic risk factors in AD and their effects on BBB integrity and the neurovascular unit.
Métodos alternativos de inferência para modelos psicométricos de variáveis latentes de alta dimensão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-09-04)
Barros, Flavio Margarito Martins de
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Cúri, Mariana
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/7025653928429545
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7651-1064
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/1316455783756401
Cognitive diagnostic models (CDMs), such as DINA and DINO, classify respondents according to multiple discrete latent attributes, providing interpretable diagnostic feedback. This interpretability comes at a computational cost: classical estimation by marginal maximum likelihood with the EM algorithm requires a sum over the 2^K latent profiles, which grows exponentially with the number of attributes K and makes inference impractical precisely in the high-dimensional settings where diagnosis would be most valuable. This thesis develops and evaluates scalable variational inference methods, based on automatic-differentiation optimisation, for the DINA and DINO models in high dimension, while preserving the psychometric structure of these models: the Q matrix, the ideal response function, the interpretable guessing gj and slipping sj item parameters, and the item-level monotonicity constraint gj + sj < 1. Two methodological families are proposed. The first is a relaxed, amortised variational autoencoder (VAE), in which a shared inference network maps the response vector to posterior mastery probabilities, and a structured decoder implements the DINA or DINO response function in differentiable form. The second is a local, non-amortised black-box variational inference (BBVI), with per-respondent variational parameters, considered in two variants: a score-function (REINFORCE) variant, which preserves binary samples, and a continuous-relaxation (Binary-Concrete) variant. The differentiable decoders are built from the product t-norm, for the conjunctive DINA rule, and the probabilistic t-conorm, for the disjunctive DINO rule. Replacing the categorical posterior over 2^K profiles with K Bernoulli factors per respondent, together with stochastic gradient estimation, avoids explicit enumeration and enables estimation in dimensions where enumeration is impractical. The methods are evaluated through simulation studies that vary the numbers of respondents, items and attributes, including high-dimensional and stress scenarios, assessing the recovery of item parameters and latent attributes, the variability across replications, and the computational time; a practical comparison with classical estimators implemented in R packages, at feasible dimensions, is also included. The results show that item-parameter recovery is strong in the evaluated scenarios with more items per attribute and that marginal attribute accuracy remains high, although full-profile recovery decays with K. Among the BBVI variants, the relaxed one shows shorter runtime and lower dispersion across replications in the evaluated configurations, whereas the score-function one avoids the continuous-relaxation bias at the cost of higher variance; the VAE, in turn, amortises inference for new respondents. The two families prove to be complementary: the work preserves the interpretability of CDMs while enabling scalable inference through variational approximations, automatic differentiation and accelerated computation.
Equações diferenciais ordinárias e modelagem matemática: aplicações a fenômenos reais e propostas para o ensino na educação básica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-09-08)
Moraes, Danilo da Silva
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Mereu, Ana Cristina de Oliveira
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/4361743248742740
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7214-620X
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/3448926409367698
This study investigates the role of first-order Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) as mathematical modeling tools. The theoretical framework addresses linear and separable ODEs, as well as the Existence and Uniqueness Theorem for Initial Value Problems (IVPs). Subsequently, two real-world applications of significant social and historical relevance are developed: an analysis of the evolution of dengue cases in the city of Sorocaba, São Paulo, in 2024, using the Verhulst logistic model; and the radiocarbon dating of “Ötzi, the Iceman”, based on the radioactive decay model. To bring mathematical concepts closer to students in Basic Education, an educational product consisting of two lesson plans is proposed. The first, designed for first-year upper secondary school students, uses a coin-toss experiment to introduce the concept of radioactive decay and its representation through exponential functions. The second, implemented in a ninth-grade lower secondary school class, replaces coins with dice in a probabilistic experiment representing radioactive decay. The results of the practical activities indicated that experimentation and the historical approach contributed to student engagement, facilitated the understanding of abstract concepts, and highlighted the potential of contextualized situations as a teaching resource in Mathematics education.
Dados do índice de pressão antrópica (IPA) da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Sorocaba
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-09-10)
Cetra, Mauricio
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/6775493342513120
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3902-0661
O inconsciente e a política: análise da homologia estrutural entre mais-de-gozar e mais-valia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-09-11)
Cezarino, Matheus Henrique
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Soria, Ana Carolina Soliva
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/2903416522364971
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/9466934122124137
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Beer, Paulo Antonio de Campos
This dissertation investigates the theoretical intersections between Lacanian psychoanalysis and political thought through the structural homology established by Jacques Lacan between the function of object a as surplus-enjoyment (plus-de-jouir) and the Marxian category of surplus-value (Mehrwert). Setting out from the theoretical and socio-political effervescence of the 1960s, indelibly marked by the events of May 68 in France, this study examines how Lacan’s teaching was impelled to clarify its conceptual coordinates in face of Marxism, a period in which Marx assumes a pressing presence in Lacanian theory. The central objective of this research is to apprehend the reasons motivating this singular "return to Marx" and to analyze the internal articulation engendered with the critique of Marxian political economy during the gestation period of the so-called theory of discourses. Investigating the position of the Lacanian object as structurally homologous to surplus-value, the study adopts the Monzanian gesture of philosophical reading as a methodological framework linked to the tradition of the Philosophy of Psychoanalysis, aiming to reconstruct Lacan’s conceptual movement while grasping the theoretical and political impasses at stake. To this end, the dissertation is organized into three chapters: first, it reconstructs the historical and institutional frictions, convergences, and shifts between Marxisms and psychoanalyses, locating Lacan’s singular and ambiguous stance toward the student movement and the revolutionary tradition; second, it undertakes a mapping of the category of the object within the Lacanian framework, tracing its evolution from an imaginary object and support of fantasy to its emergence as cause of desire, irreducible remainder of the signifier structure, and drive object; finally, it reconstructs the homology with surplus-value based on Seminar XVI, explicating its implications for the psychoanalytic reading of social bonds and the political dimension. It demonstrates how the function of surplus-enjoyment, by condensing the paradigm of a constitutive loss that engenders an excess of enjoyment, reorganizes the drive economy, repositions the status of truth within the failure of knowledge, and provides conceptual grounding for the Lacanian critique of science, capitalism, and the political sphere. By addressing this problem within Lacan's own teaching, this research aims to contribute to the debate surrounding the social function of psychoanalysis in order to reposition the possible forms of relation between psychoanalysis and the political.