Adaptação cultural do instrumento "Standford Inventory of Cancer Patient Adjustment" para o Brasil

Abstract

The self-efficacy is the main concept of the social cognitive theory of Albert Bandura and it refers to the personal judgement that individuals make about how much they are able to organize and implement activities in unpredictable and stressful circumstances . In this sense, standout people who face chronic diseases like cancer, whose health condition leads them to live several limitations in their daily lives. The aim of this methodological study was to culturally adapt the instrument Stanford Inventory of Cancer Patient Adjustment (SICPA) to Brazil. This tool was developed to measure the perceived self-efficacy in cancer patients and has 38 items, assessed at Likert scale ranging from 0 (no confident) to 10 (totally confident) points. The possible range for the total measurement is 0 to 380, in which the larger the value, greater self-efficacy. The adaptation process followed the steps recommended in the literature: translation to the Portuguese language, synthesis, back translation, appreciation by a committee of experts, pre-test and appraisal of the instrument of the author. The study included four translators, six specialists and 30 patients diagnosed with cancer. Two of the translators were Brazilian; one of them with degree in health area and the other with Letters degree. The other two translators were native English speaking and more than a year residents in Brazil. Concerning the experts, there was an oncologist physician; a nurse, a PhD in medical-surgical nursing field with focus on self-efficacy in cancer patients; another nurse specialist on instruments methodology; a third nurse specialist on methodological tools and experienced in the self-efficacy construct; a psychologist and a professional translator. Regarding the clinical characteristics of the pre-test patients, 40% had a diagnosis of breast cancer, followed by head and neck (27%) and colorectal cancer (26%). In the evaluation stage of the expert committee, the most consistent changes in the adapted version of the instrument were: the question that concerned the ability to ward off sadness in relation to cancer and the suggestion to put all the items of the instrument in the first person singular. In the pretest phase, the subjects did not suggest any change in the instrument items. Thus, we conclude that the SICPA has been successfully adapted. The adapted version of SICPA must be submitted to validity and reliability tests with the required authorizations granted by the original authors of the instrument.