Democracia eleitoral e o papel dos partidos políticos na estruturação do voto - um caso Africano: Moçambique (1994-2014)

Abstract

This thesis is part of the range of recent studies of political and electoral development in Africa (since 2000), and seeks to highlight the simultaneous relationship between the role of political parties and voters in structuring an electoral democracy. It was in this context that this thesis aims to analyze the role of political parties in structuring the vote in Mozambique. Starting from the use of a methodology that complements the historical-institutional approach and the political culture, with the use of official electoral data, the most important results of the thesis, show that there is a tendency for political parties in Mozambique, after 20 years of the implementation of the democracy, structure the vote, through their areas of dominance and belonging. It is noteworthy that, in these areas (a. Gaza, Cabo Delgado, Maputo; b. Nampula, Sofala, Zambézia), since the period of the civil war, they have always been in favor of the Frelimo government and Renamo, respectively. Henceforth, despite a notoriety in terms of the structure of voting in Mozambique, there is an inverse tendency for the stability of abstention levels to grow from election to election in almost all areas of Mozambique, despite the increase in investment in socio-economic development programs, as public policies on education, health, improvements in HDI and GDP, did not reflect in the same proportionality with the increase in political and electoral engagement.