Uso de estruturas urbanas por aves da cidade de Piedade, estado de São Paulo

Abstract

Urbanization is a process that causes major changes in natural environments and is constantly accelerating worldwide, generating different effects on avifauna, which depends on various environmental characteristics and functional traits to respond to these environmental changes. Within these landscapes, there are green and gray structures, which can be used as substrates during the life path of the birds. With this in mind, the objectives were (a) to detect bird species in an urban area in the interior of the state of São Paulo, in a condition of restricted mobility motivated by the pandemic; (b) verify how these species are using the available gray and green infrastructures, considering their diets; (c) detecting possible effects of seasonality (autumn and spring) and direct human interference (number of pedestrians and vehicles). The study was carried out in the months of May / June and September / October 2020, in an urban area of ​​the city of Piedade, state of São Paulo. 27 species were detected, with a total of 1194 records. During the spring, there was an increase in the richness of species and infrastructure being used, and two species started to spend more time vocalizing. There was a predominance of the use of antennas for maintenance activities, landing, lateral and alternate jumping, vocalization, social-agonistic, sentry, and short flights. Roofs were the most used substrate for activities on perching, reproductive behavior, nesting, and long flights. Hão was the most used structure for foraging activity. There was no direct relationship between species richness and the number of pedestrians and vehicles. It is concluded that there is a need for studies emphasizing the importance of gray infrastructures, as well as the need to include these gray infrastructures, together with green areas, in conservation planning to better adapt urban environments to avifauna.