Levantamento e análise de dissertações e teses sobre práticas pedagógicas no ensino de astronomia nos anos iniciais

Abstract

During the last decades, the Teaching of Astronomy had an increase of scientific work interest. While there is a significant increase of interest, there are a few scientific works related to Teaching Sciences in Brazil. Among the scientific works of Teaching Astronomy, regarding schools, most of them are dedicated to High School. Aiming to evaluate which pedagogical practices were developed in Astronomy Teaching in the early years of Elementary School, this research, by a literature review of the State of the Art, theses and dissertations were analysed to address the central question of: What is researched in Brazil about pedagogical practices regarding Teaching Astronomy in the Early Years of Elementary School? Thus, the different sources were used, such as the database of the Centro de Documentação em Ensino de Ciências (CEDOC), in the Banco de Teses e Dissertações sobre Ensino de Astronomia (BTDEA) and in the bank of theses and dissertations of the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). As result, 10 scientific works of master’s dissertation and PhD’s thesis ranging from 2005 to 2017 from Public Universities in Brazil were analysed. The analyses of pedagogical practices indicates that themes related to Sun-Earth-Moon System, debate activities, sky observation, the registry of observations, such as storytelling and the construction of objects were the subjects most used. In general, the pedagogical practices object of this study had similar characteristics of the constructivist model pedagogical practices and presented focus on scientific literacy. This Completion of Course Work confirmed the insufficient number of works addressing the Teaching of Astronomy in Brazil for Early Years of Elementary School. Conversely, the scientific works analysed show the possibility of developing their pedagogical practices about Teaching Astronomy, contributing to foment curiosity and knowledge of Earth and Universe, aiding scientific literacy of students and dissemination of this field yet to be well explored in schools.