Materiais compósitos de matriz polimérica na indústria aeronáutica e perspectiva crítica de potencialidade: polímeros com memória de forma

Abstract

The present work has as its central theme the use of composite materials of polymeric matrix in aircraft from a perspective of the shape memory property. The application of polymeric materials through composites in aircraft is being used as a method mainly to reduce costs, however, it is directly linked to innovations and technological advances that this class of materials can provide; either by a structural aspect or even by a multifunctionality factor, a characteristic that has been gaining more and more strength in high-performance industries. Thus, further technical, and specific studies on this class of materials have become crucial for Materials Science and Engineering since it symbolizes significant advances for both scientific academia and the aeronautical industrial sector. To this end, the general objective is to carry out a critical analysis and progress analysis of composite materials of polymeric matrix focusing on a particular property: shape memory, analyzing the possibility and feasibility of using materials of this class in a certain articulated part of the airplane wing, the flap, since it is a component of the wing that moves in different phases of flight and at different temperatures, the presence of a property in the material that brings mobility and multifunctionality becomes attractive for the application. Thus, reference institutions in aeronautics are devoting efforts to improving the efficiency of aircraft and improving knowledge the biggest challenge to be overcome is in the mechanical properties and complete understanding of the behavior of these materials for more accurate simulations, however, the use of reinforcements in the matrix is a technique that can mitigate the mechanical deficiency found. Therefore, composites based on styrene and mainly composites based on epoxy are showing great promise in this area. Finally, shape memory polymer matrix composites are a growing subject, and the aeronautic industry has a great collaboration in this scientific progress.