Fatores do teletrabalho e gênero: uma análise integrada sobre as percepções das servidoras TAEs de uma universidade pública federal

Abstract

This research's main objective is to discuss the perceptions of technical-administrative education employees (TAEs) at a federal public university on the factors of teleworking. The term teleworking is quite broad in the literature, being associated with work carried out remotely, through Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Adherence to this type of work had been growing gradually, both in private companies and public institutions, however, the global COVID-19 pandemic accelerated and intensified this process. Studies indicate that these changes hit women more intensely, causing a workload due to the need to deal with personal activities, domestic tasks, parental care, in addition to the high demand for paid work, reinforcing the gender expectations attributed to them. In order to better understand this scenario, a combined approach was carried out, using the survey research method. Data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire prepared with open and closed questions, measured using the Likert scale, and sent electronically to the TAEs of the four campuses of the researched university in order to obtain a more reliable and comprehensive overview. the proposed situation. 153 responses were obtained from TAE servers, with a return rate of 48.73%. Quantitative data analysis was performed using descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis (CA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using IBM SPSS Statistics software, while qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis. According to the results obtained, the correlation analysis (CA) between the variables confirmed the positive relationship with practical significance and the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) defined three factors related to teleworking that cover the interconnections between professional and personal life/ family and the interrelationships between the employee and the workplace. Finally, it appears that there was broad agreement in the participants' responses in practically all variables, configuring teleworking as something positive and confirming the three hypotheses proposed in this research, in order to show that there is a positive relationship between teleworking and professional practice (H1), professional integration (H2) and mediations between personal life and professional life (H3). Given the results, it is concluded that teleworking brings positive effects on both aspects of professional and personal life, given that the possibility of organizing and managing your professional tasks with greater autonomy and flexibility, allows for conciliation and balance with other personal activities, bringing greater satisfaction, productivity and motivation to these TAEs, however, this conciliation between so many different demands can hide an inequality in the sexual division of work, especially in aspects of personal life