Energia eólica no Brasil: trajetória, tecnologia e os ventos do mercado

Abstract

The present work aims to understand the trajectory of wind energy in Brazil and its technological development, as well as the logic and control concepts that have contributed to its construction. To this end, it addresses the period (2002-2022) and seeks to verify how possible interactions between different elements and social spaces can affect technological development, and uses the theoretical support of Technological Systems and elements of Economic Sociology, Sociology of Markets and Scientific and Technological Policy (PCT), providing a broad and interdisciplinary approach inherent to studies in the STS field. In this sense, wind energy in Brazil is analyzed using different perspectives: Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI), Brazilian Wind Energy Association (ABEEÓLICA), research carried out in Brazilian universities and the national production of wind turbines. The data and analyzes carried out point to the centrality of Energy Policy in the trajectory of wind energy in Brazil, as well as the rapprochement of the national wind sector with the market and with elements of economic-financial logic, which contributed to the large growth in installed capacity and for the construction of the market related to wind energy, however it limited the technological development in question. Regarding the MCTI perspective for wind energy, the research provides reflections regarding the approach to the market and the emergence of a concept of control carried out by intermediaries.