Mecanismos de identificação de soja não geneticamente modificada no sistema agroindustrial da soja: um estudo multi-caso

Abstract

The present thesis investigated the role of coordination and management supply chain in face of identifies no-GM crops and the need to preserve the identity of grains. This change traverses the entire productive chain, from the seeds industry to the final consumer, ever more demanding in terms of issues related to food safety. A new arrangement in the system (Strictly Co-ordination) will be linked to the capacity of the various agents of the agroindustrial systems to coordinate and manage these relationships, mainly by means of the development of mechanisms of incentives and control, including efficient forms of identity preservation (IP), traceability and certification of the product throughout the chain. The latter will play a fundamental role in diminishing the information asymmetry between producers and consumers and valuated agri-food products. The theoretic framework utilized was Transaction Cost Economics, which allowed the foundation and systematization of the analysis, validated by case studies that involved situations of Identity Preservation in Brazil. Thus, four firms that work with non-GM soybeans and utilized segregation systems, incentives and monitoring of crops production were analyzed. It was verified that, indeed, the trend toward product segregation involves the need for adaptations and alteration in the predominating governance form. Identity preservation also involves increased costs, which permeate all phases of the productive chain. These costs are identifiable and have a strong relationship to the characteristics of the transactions and to the attributes of the product one wishes to segregate. The thesis also identified that incentive and monitoring strategies are fundamental for the success of the identity preserved (IP) system. The other relevant aspect was about reputation of the certificated entity.