Proposta de um método para a definição de rotas cicláveis em áreas urbanas
Resumen
Urban problems caused by transportation planning that prioritizes the use of the
automobile indicate the inclusion of the bicycle as a viable alternative of urban transport
in Brazilian cities. However, it is verified the lack of guidelines that can lead to policies
that encourage bicycle transportation, amongst which stands out the insertion or
improvement in the infrastructure for cycling. The objective of this study is to propose
a method for the definition of cycling routes in urban areas which would have
satisfactory results in encouraging bicycle transportation, focusing on the aspects of
demand and bicycle level of service in shared roads in urban areas. The proposed
method includes the following steps: (1) identification of the potential facility for
bicycle trip generation; (2) data collection on the trip behavior of the facility users; (3)
identification of the road segments with greater potential demand for bicycle trips; (4)
level of service evaluation of the selected road segments; and (5) selection of road
segments with greater need of improvement to define cycling routes. A study case was
carried out in the city of São Carlos, where the proposed methodology was applied in
two utilitarian bicycle trip generation facilities. The necessary data for the study was
obtained through 106 interviews, which included a questionnaire and a stated preference
survey. The data obtained in the stated preference survey revealed that the pavement
condition was the most important attribute in the group s opinion, in comparison to
motorized vehicles speed and travel time. The identification and the study of the road
segments with greater potential demand for bicycle trips included the demarcation of the
influence area of the trip generation facility, the definition of the desire lines and the
inventory of the itineraries covered by the interviewed group. These steps were
developed with the use of TransCAD. The evaluation of the level of service of the
selected segments resulted in measures of level of service with the same value for all of
the roads, which did not allow us to prioritize the segments with greater need of
improvement to define cycling routes. However, since the values attributed to the road
segments were considered unacceptable for bicycle transportation, a series of
improvements were suggested to reduce their deficiencies.