Índice de qualidade da mobilidade urbana a pé para pessoas idosas (IQMUI)
Abstract
Especially you can see that planning not just urban mobility but of infrastructure linked
to it, is the result of a great debate and discussion. The impetus given by the mobility in
recent years, has taken such a high proportion that affects all modes ratings. Thus, the
debate and the discussion ran high, especially from the 1970s and 1980s, when urban
problems started to become more evident, because of the swelling of cities and therefore
the lack of adequate infrastructure to meet all the wants and needs of the population. It
is true that the displacement requirements are supported by law and concerns a right
guaranteed, which is to come and go. Due to the fragility of planning, several problems
began to emerge in urban areas among which the gaps in the interpretation of
responsibilities between the three spheres federal, state and municipal government; and
priority when the execution, which in the case of Brazil adopted the exclusionary model
of motorized displacement means at the expense of non-motorized. Moreover, even in
cases where there is a structure for the foot displacement, this is sometimes precarious
especially in medium and large cities. To make the most critical issue in such
circumstances arises an aggravating is the rather sharp increase in the elderly population
in Brazil, which need special care when it comes to urban infrastructure, particularly
walkways and driveways, as this population is characterized among others aspects of
weaknesses that are directly linked to displacement. In other words, to the pedestrian
does not have mobility problems the infrastructure is already precarious, for the elderly
aggravating are significant to the point of making the displacement of this population
almost impossible. The set associated with shifts in sidewalks, driveways and crossings
are analyzed as a whole may even have satisfactory concepts, but when viewed
individually could reach worry levels. In response to these needs, the main objective of
this thesis is to propose, in order to improve planning in regard to walkways and
driveways, an index to estimate the quality of walkways and driveways facing the
elderly population, through 14 indicators divided by 3 groups of subjects. After a
comprehensive literature review that brings together different areas of knowledge, it
proposed a methodology that initially provides for the incorporation of the opinion of
many experts, through a questionnaire. So that the responses to the questionnaire were
informed due to some peculiar characteristics of the elderly segment. Pursuant to the
case study in a medium-sized city, in general, the results obtained with the index
established by the model, have proved to be satisfactory. In conclusion, even
considering as a satisfactory result the methodology indicates that it is necessary to
provide improvements to walkways and driveways, as the elderly segment requires
more appropriate structures.