Modelagem computacional no ensino de evolução: a Catraca de Muller como ferramenta didática investigativa

Abstract

The teaching of evolutionary theory often faces challenges such as the large number of concepts involved and their abstract nature. With this in mind, this work proposes an approach that uses computational modeling as a tool to understand the functioning of Muller’s Ratchet, which is a process of accumulating deleterious mutations in asexual populations. This qualitative research was based on the creation of a computational model, initially developed in Python and later adapted for use on the Insight Maker platform, where simulations can be run to observe how different parameters—such as mutation rate and selective pressure—influence the evolutionary process, confirming the theory of Muller’s Ratchet. This work also presents a didactic proposal based on inquiry-based teaching, in which students take an active role in formulating hypotheses and analyzing evidence. It is expected that, by combining computational modeling with inquiry-based instruction, scientific literacy will be promoted and students’ critical thinking will be stimulated.