Evolução das exportações brasileiras de soja nos períodos 2011-2013 e 2018-2020

Abstract

Given the importance of the soybean market, being the largest exporter and the largest producer of the good on the planet, the present work aims to analyze the evolution of Brazilian exports from the soy complex, which mainly involves grain, bran and oil, through the Constant Market-Share methodology. The importance of the good nowadays is mainly reflected in livestock, biodiesel production and the food industry. Analyzing the periods of 2011-2013 and 2018-2020, it was concluded that soybean exports evolved predominantly through Competitiveness Effect, which demonstrates that Brazil has gained market over the years vis-in to other nations. Here, it is worth mentioning the significant importance of China to Brazil in the soybean market, since the country is the largest buyer of Brazilian oilseeds. Finally, oil and soybean meal exported by Brazil had a fall in their exports, mainly due to the Potential Effect. This demonstrates a fall in global demand for the goods and reinforces the country's position in the export of unprocessed products, using its comparative advantages. In the case of oil, the loss of competitiveness in the world market also contributed to the reduction of exports of this product. Thus, it is important that Brazil solves its logistical and productivity bottlenecks in order to maintain its international competitiveness, as well as seek new markets for oil and bran exports, diversifying the export agenda.