Dos programas da FIFA aos licenciamentos de clubes: uma análise das políticas e diretrizes institucionais para o desenvolvimento do futebol de mulheres

Abstract

Women's football in Brazil has in its history countless obstacles on and off the pitch. They find in clubs a lack of structure, conditions, space and rights, and yet they have mobilized different strategies of struggle and resistance to occupy a culturally instituted space for men, toxic and hegemonic reserve in Brazilian society and in many other countries. There are few clubs that have adequate departments, organization and/or structure for women's football. So, this study aims to analyze the programs, guidelines and strategic actions that configure institutional policies (FIFA, CONMEBOL, CBF and Federation systems) for the development of women's football. To meet this objective, a documental research was carried out, whose data were analyzed at first moment by a linear document analysis and at a second moment by coding categories, resulting in four major categories, namely: "development program objectives”; “types of benefit for each program”; “Obligations of Member Associations”; and “licensing: objectives and requirements”. In summary, we can infer that FIFA's programs and guidelines, analyzed in the first three categories, it is somehow crossed by the central objectives of increasing the number of girls and women in football, within the fields and in decision-making and leadership positions, as well how to invest in grassroots and youth categories, improving access and permanence for women. Complementarily, the last category expresses the club licensing policies developed by CONMEBOL, CBF and Federation, with a view to developing the sport, professionalizing management, improving the quality of championships and leagues, seeking technical balance between teams and monitoring the development of women's football, as well as sporting, infrastructure, administrative and financial criteria. Analyzing these categories allowed us to identify how the entities responsible for football see the development of women's football, in addition to understanding how clubs should organize themselves so that women have the structures and infrastructure, access, conditions and security they deserve and that the soccer played by them needs to show their strength and their potential.