Abordagem sociointeracionista sobre o estudo dos cinco sentidos a partir de uma proposta interdisciplinar voltada para estudantes do Ensino Fundamental dos anos finais

Abstract

This study aims to develop and analyze a didactic sequence on the sensory system based on a socio-interactionist and interdisciplinary approach. Considering the guidelines established by the Brazilian National Common Curricular Base (BNCC), the study discusses the need to overcome fragmentation in Natural Sciences teaching by integrating concepts from physics, chemistry, and biology in the study of the five senses. The theoretical framework is grounded in Lev Vygotsky’s Historical-Cultural Theory, with emphasis on the concepts of social interaction, Zone of Proximal Development, and the more knowledgeable other. In addition, the main biological, physical, and chemical aspects involved in the functioning of the sensory system are presented. As an educational product, a didactic sequence was developed, including expository, investigative, and experimental activities organized to promote collaborative work. The proposal was implemented in sixth-grade classes, enabling the observation of student interactions and their relationship with learning. The results indicate that the didactic sequence contributed to knowledge construction, while also promoting student engagement and the development of socio-emotional skills. It is concluded that the articulation between interdisciplinarity and a socio-interactionist approach constitutes a relevant strategy for teaching the sensory system in the school context.