Evidências científicas das abordagens de intervenção precoce no Transtorno do Espectro Autista: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

This study aims to identify which early intervention approaches have scientific evidence supporting their effectiveness in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). It is a narrative literature review conducted using the Virtual Health Library (BVS) and the CAPES Journal Portal, selecting articles in Portuguese and English from the past ten years. A total of 37 studies were analyzed. Approaches based on Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), such as Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention (EIBI), Naturalistic Developmental Behavioral Interventions (NDBI), and the Early Start Denver Model (ESDM), were the most frequent and showed consistent positive effects in areas such as cognition, communication, and social skills. Other approaches, including those mediated by families, peers, and animals, also demonstrated benefits, particularly in social engagement. The findings highlight the predominance of ABA-based strategies in the literature but also emphasize the need to expand research on diverse and individualized practices to ensure inclusive and evidence-based care.