Revisão crítica da literatura sobre a competitividade da indústria brasileira de celulose

Abstract

The Brazilian pulp sector holds a prominent position in the international market, supported by competitive advantages associated with high forest productivity, industrial scale, and production efficiency. In this context, the present study aims to conduct a literature review on the competitiveness of the Brazilian pulp industry, based on the analysis of national and international studies published mainly between 2020 and 2025. The research adopts a literature review methodology, drawing on scientific articles that address economic, productive, environmental, and institutional aspects of the sector. The results indicate that Brazilian competitiveness is shaped by interdependent structural factors, such as logistical efficiency, productive concentration, environmental governance, price dynamics, dependence on external markets, and sensitivity to climate-related risks. The literature also shows that short-term variables, such as exchange rate fluctuations, have limited influence on export performance when compared to long-term factors, including forest productivity, technological innovation, and territorial planning. It is concluded that sustaining the competitiveness of the Brazilian pulp industry depends on integrated strategies that reconcile economic efficiency, environmental sustainability, and market diversification, reinforcing the need for analytical approaches that integrate multiple dimensions of the sector.