Construções geométricas no ensino da matemática no ensino fundamental

Abstract

In this work, we will do a study on triangles, their theorems, elements and constructions focused on the teaching of geometry since the early years of elementary school, with the objective of being a support tool for the teacher trained in pedagogy in addition to the specialist teacher in Mathematics. In the first chapter, we will give some definitions and results that we will use throughout the work. In the second chapter we will demonstrate some results and theorems that use triangles or show interesting features in them. In the third chapter, we will make geometric constructions with ruler and compass, describing each one of them, and justifying, when necessary, what we have built. In the fourth chapter, a pedagogical work carried out in a school will be presented, with geometric constructions in elementary school in a 5th grade classroom. Finally, in the fifth chapter we will make some observations and justify the work with a small study of Geometry in the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) in Elementary School.