Estratégias de promoção à saúde mental de adolescentes em países daamérica latina: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Health Promotion (HP) is proposed as a health strategy that enhances the condition of citizens, health as a right, capable of producing better living conditions, more effective services, and comprehensive actions from intersectionality and popular participation. When related to Latin America (LA), we see a concept introduced more recently, referring to reflections and criticisms about the concepts that came with colonization and encouraging questioning possibilities that are more compatible with a political context marked by vulnerabilities of different orders. The recent strengthening of the concept of PS in the world and the even more recent, but when it comes to mental health in children and youth, their contemporaneity and conceptualization are still incipient. Thus, the study aimed to identify and analyze literary productions that deal with strategies to promote adolescents' mental health in LA through an integrative review of the literature. The databases consulted were Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Scopus e Web of Science, from September 2019 to April 2020. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, resulting in the selection of six studies. Seven distinct thematic axes were identified: Difficulty in intersectoral partnerships, The potency of group actions with adolescents, Importance and need to invest in vocational training, Difficulty in implementing strategies due to social vulnerability, Rigidity and operational difficulties that limit actions, The difficulty of professionals in dealing with and managing with adolescents, Care actions are rare or nonexistent in Primary Health Care. As a result, it was identified that the school's central space actions are developed. In addition, as potential measures were identified, the training of professionals, group action, and strengthening of primary and territorial care. The results of the present study identify a gap in the literature regarding the HP production of adolescents in LA. Furthermore, there was an absence of dialogue between the different actors and, especially, with adolescents for proposals that consider local demands and strategies, in accordance with what has been produced worldwide in the field of HP.