Avaliação do desempenho de microcontrolador com arquitetura RISC-V em relação a arquitetura ARM aplicado em processos contínuos utilizando o método de controle PID

Abstract

The present work evaluated the performance of a microcontroller based on the open-source RISC-V architecture in comparison to another one with ARM Cortex-M0+ architecture, within the scope of applications in continuous process control systems. The control method used was PID (Proportional, Integral, and Derivative), applied in a booster pump system, with the reservoir water level as the controlled process variable. In addition to the two architectures, another variable investigated was the programming language used for firmware development; C/C++ and MicroPython were chosen. The project included the development of a hybrid hardware that supports two commercially available microcontroller platforms in the national market: one of them is LuatOS, an embedded system using the ESP32-C3 microcontroller with RISC-V architecture, and the other is the Raspberry Pi Pico, developed with the RP2040 microcontroller, which features an ARM Cortex-M0+ core. The results obtained from this work are useful for guiding the choice of architecture in the design and development of control devices. Due to the good performance shown by the MicroPython language during the testing phase, a block programming tutorial with the BIPES platform for PID control on embedded systems with a RISC-V core was developed, thus enabling greater accessibility to this emerging technology in automation and control projects.