Estudos sobre a síntese da zeólita Beta na presença de íons fluoreto

Abstract

One alternative to increase the octane rating of gasoline without the use of toxic or polluting compounds, banned by environmental legislation, is the transformation of linear paraffins of low octane number into branched paraffins of high octane number. This transformation occurs through the use of bifunctional catalysts that perform the isomerization reaction through catalytic dehydrogenate/hydrogenate and acid sites. Nanocrystalline zeolite Beta is an excellent material for these catalysts because it presents strong acid sites and supports metallic sites (to dehydrogenate/ hydrogenate) easily. This work aims the synthesis of zeolite Beta with different crystals dimensions (micrometrical scale) for, in the future, use as a bifunctional catalyst. In the future, these catalysts will be compared to previously studies on the efficiency of catalysts nanocrystalline zeolite Beta based. For this hydrothermal synthesis at 140 °C, it was used a reaction mixture of Si/Al ratio = 12,5 and neutral pH. TEOS was used as a silicon source, aluminum metal as aluminum source, TEAOH as a structural directing agent and fluoride as mineralizing agent. Parameters, such as, aging time temperature, crystallization time, aging system type (opened or closed) and ethanol vaporization through forced ventilation were varied. Typical diffractograms of Beta structure were obtained varying aging temperature materials (31 to 48 °C) in only two days of crystal lization time, furthermore structure characteristic crystal morphology in varied sizes of 2 to 6 μm were obtained. It was found the presence of ethanol prevents formation of Beta structure, acting to prevent TEOS hydrolysis, thus a mass decrease, about 50 %, during aging time is needed.