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Visualização de estrutura de domínios em cerâmicas e nanoestruturas ferroelétricas via microscopia de piezoresposta
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-27)
Gonçalves, André Marino
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Eiras, José Antônio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6653223814715498
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0563057979926309
In this work, the domain structure of a transparent ferroelectric ceramic of (Pb0,79La0,21)TiO3 (PLT 21) was investigated in detail by piezoresponse force microscopu (PFM) and a protocol of measurements and analysis of the piezoresponse for the tridimensional reconstruction of the polarization in ferroelectric domains, including from mono and polycrystalline materials was developed. With this protocol, properties of domains and domain walls of the PLT 21 ceramic and of a PbTiO3 (PT) thin film were investigated. Three types of domains were recognized in the PLT 21 ceramic: domains separated by 180° walls, and domains separated by 90° walls in two scales, one in wich the domains have dimensions of about 1 μm and another with dimensions lower than 100 nm. Classical domain structures of lamellae and herringbones, and even more exotic structures as quadrants could be observed in PLT 21. This last one might suggest the existence of flux closure states of polarization in ferroelectric ceramics. In our knowledge this is the first time that quadrant structures are observed in ceramics. We could also observe in PLT 21 ceramic, ferroelectric domains that run through de grain boundary. Analysis of the reorientation of polarization by applying a localized BIAS field, revealed a strong electromechanical coupling in the sample, with the appearance of new 90° domain structure as a way to compensate local deformations generated by the poling process. The domain structure of the PT thin film revealed grains with monodomain structure and grains with polydomain structure, being the latter preferentially formed by 90° walls. The study of the reorientation of domains in the thin films of PT, showed the formation of a monodomain structure in the majority of the grains after the poling process, what significantly differs from the results of the PLT 21 ceramics. Lastly, thin films of Pb(Fe0,5Nb0,5)O3 (PFN) with good structural, microstructural and electrical properties were produced by radio frequency sputtering (R.F. Sputtering) with different thickness (50 nm 950 nm). The values of remnant polarization and coercive field of the hysteresis loop were 7 μC/cm2 and 70 kV/cm, respectively, which are bigger than many results found in the literature. Ferroelectric local properties were investigated in monolithic thin films (i.e., films that have a single grain in the thickness) of PFN and compared with the properties obtained in polycrystalline thin films of PT.
Conselho escolar e gestão democrática : análise da participação dos conselheiros nas escolas municipais de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-27)
Ramos, Renata Pierini
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Conti, Celso Luiz Aparecido
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6967887143687279
The primary objective of this dissertation is to investigate the main factors that affect the participation of school counselors in public schools in São Carlos / SP. To this end, we opted for conducting empirical research in order to produce and analyze data capable of providing greater concreteness to the arguments. Thus, in order to determine the research tools and the universe to be studied, techniques for the gathering, samplings, and analysis of data, were selected. For the gathering of data, a questionnaire was applied to Community Education Managers and school counselors. In order to determine the sample, we opted to cover fifty school units ensuring that all segments represented in the School Board answer the questionnaire. And finally, our analyzes were grounded on studies by authors who discuss the democratic management of public schools as a means of extending citizenship and guaranteeing the right of participation. Our preliminary results indicate that, power relationships present in the in interpersonal relationships, is the main factor that hinders the participation of counselors, followed by bureaucratic aspects, described as a subcategory due to the fact that they are related to the fundamental category mentioned above. In contrast, engagement and knowledge in the field are presented in the research as factors that facilitate the participation of counselors. Thus, the results highlight the need to formulate strategies to minimize the negative factors and leverage them to promote the participation of counselors at the municipal level.
Estudos sobre a síntese da zeólita Beta na presença de íons fluoreto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-27)
Franco, Gil César Pereira
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Cardoso, Dilson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2462847535959232
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5346237770905097
One alternative to increase the octane rating of gasoline without the use of toxic or polluting compounds, banned by environmental legislation, is the transformation of linear paraffins of low octane number into branched paraffins of high octane number. This transformation occurs through the use of bifunctional catalysts that perform the isomerization reaction through catalytic dehydrogenate/hydrogenate and acid sites. Nanocrystalline zeolite Beta is an excellent material for these catalysts because it presents strong acid sites and supports metallic sites (to dehydrogenate/ hydrogenate) easily. This work aims the synthesis of zeolite Beta with different crystals dimensions (micrometrical scale) for, in the future, use as a bifunctional catalyst. In the future, these catalysts will be compared to previously studies on the efficiency of catalysts nanocrystalline zeolite Beta based. For this hydrothermal synthesis at 140 °C, it was used a reaction mixture of Si/Al ratio = 12,5 and neutral pH. TEOS was used as a silicon source, aluminum metal as aluminum source, TEAOH as a structural directing agent and fluoride as mineralizing agent. Parameters, such as, aging time temperature, crystallization time, aging system type (opened or closed) and ethanol vaporization through forced ventilation were varied. Typical diffractograms of Beta structure were obtained varying aging temperature materials (31 to 48 °C) in only two days of crystal lization time, furthermore structure characteristic crystal morphology in varied sizes of 2 to 6 μm were obtained. It was found the presence of ethanol prevents formation of Beta structure, acting to prevent TEOS hydrolysis, thus a mass decrease, about 50 %, during aging time is needed.
Equação mestra microscópica para o modelo de Rabi
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-27)
Lopes, Iury Nunes
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Villas-Bôas, Celso Jorge
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5700887540085418
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5292604811223708
The Rabi model is the most complete one has to describe the interaction between radiation and matter. However, as it is difficult to obtain the exact solution to this model, many of recent atom-field studies have used the Jaynes-Cummings model, which eliminates the "counter rotating" terms from the Rabi Hamiltonian in an approach known as "rotating wave approximation". This approach was very precise to describe many experiments in quantum optics area in the past two decades, especially in the context of cavity quantum electrodynamics, where the atom-field coupling g is very weak compared to the atomic transition frequency ω0 and the cavity field frequency ωc. However, in recent experiments in the context of circuit quantum electrodynamics, the atom-field coupling can be comparable to the atom and field frequencies so that the rotating wave approximation is no longer valid. A first goal of the present work is to examine the validity of the rotating-wave approximation in the context of circuit quantum electrodynamics. We also take into account the dissipation of the system, and to do that we have analyzed two different models: a phenomenological approach where the master equation is derived by adding the free decay of the atom and the field, regardless of the interaction between them, and another microscope, where the master equation is derived by taking into account the interaction between the atom and the field. We then investigate what happens when one has two atoms interacting with the same field in the cavity, considering, for example, the "spontaneous" generation of correlations between the atoms mediated by the field, that is, assuming initially all subsystems (atoms and field) in their ground states, we study the dynamics of correlations generated between the atoms. To quantify those correlations we employ measures as quantum discord and entanglement of formation.
Os gastos públicos em agricultura no Espírito Santo: uma análise acerca do Plano Estratégico de Desenvolvimento da Agricultura Capixaba (PEDEAC)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-27)
Covre, Julyana
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Castro, Eduardo Rodrigues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5702172673123334
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Rodrigues, Rodrigo Vilela
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/7066100737307566
Since 2003, the state of Espírito Santo has undergone several changes institutional policies, when there were changes in agricultural policy guidelines state, through the Strategic Plan for Agriculture Capixaba (PEDEAG). The study aims to examine whether, due to the implementation of PEDEAG, a change in the spending pattern of the State and assess the relationship between the evolution of public spending in the state of Espírito Santo and its impacts on agricultural production growth.To achieve this goal, we propose a descriptive analysis of public spending on agriculture and estimation of agricultural production function, in two approaches: using as dependent variable agricultural production of the municipalities and counties of agricultural GDP and as explanatory variables, the land factor , human capital, use of fertilizers, technical guidance, number of tractors and municipal public spending. As a result, it was observed that the State expenditure followed guidelines PEDEAG. And that in aggregate public spending on agriculture municipalities followed the behavior of state spending on agriculture. The production functions estimated proved the positive impact of spending on agriculture in both output value of agriculture, as in agricultural GDP, however the technical guidance presented negative, contrary to expectations. It was also found that the deployment of the poles of fruit, except the poles mango and guava, positively impacted the agricultural GDP.
Atividade de linguagem: a criatividade em confluências de planos enunciativos temporais no ensino de produção e interpretação de textos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-27)
Onofre, Stéfano Grizzo
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Onofre, Marilia Blundi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4908382415301882
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7054502406292879
In this research we discuss the concept of creativity in occurrences of confluences of enunciative temporal plans on textual production exams made for the admission on Brazilian university. To achieve the goal, we considered the following question: occurrences of time category enunciative shifts on the exams are responsible for undermining students texts? Generally, it is attributed to this kind of enunciative shifts only negative values. We try to make more profound this question, defending that only recognizing the enunciative shifts as a problem does not give all the means for Portuguese language teaching and learning context to operate with these occurrences. To sustain our aim we launched the hypothesis that the time category enunciative shifts occur in the space between the error and the creativity, because, on one side, they can present themselves as inadequacies front an established enunciative plan and, on the other side, they can be considered as linguistic movements that show the way the student try to assume his authorship, that means, his search for creativity. We sustain the hypothesis using the Theory of Predicative Operations chart. The theoretical reflection brought us to argue that linguistic temporal marks leave traces of students argumentative choice. This way, we could recognize that the time category enunciative shifts make visible some elements that can value students textual productions. These elements may be useful for the enhancement of the teaching and learning process, considering the linguistic and discursive matters.
Estudantes negros ingressantes na universidade por meio de reserva de vagas : um estudo sobre processos educativos de construção de identidade negra e pertencimento étnico-racial no ensino superior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-27)
Oliveira, Juliana Augusta Nonato de
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Silva, Petronilha Beatriz Gonçalves e
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3674686178639985
The aims of the present research are to identify the educative process from the university life that helps or damages the construction and the strengthening of the black identity and their African roots, with black students who joined the university by means of the reserved places under the Affirmative Action Program of the São Carlos Federal University. (UFSCar) and to point suggestions that contribute with the Affirmative Action Program on the search of strategies to combat the racism. The research was guided by the following question: Which educational processes, in the university life, do contribute for the construction and strengthening of the black identity and the ethnic-racial, of black students who joined by means of the reserved places? The data was collected through semi-structured interviews with three students that declared to be black, two women and a man from the Pedagogy, Chemical Engineering and Social Sciences courses, who were willing to participate. The data analysis, grounded on the Phenomenology principles, was made by descriptive form. The results showed that the educational processes of construction of the black identity and the ethnicracial belonging begins much before entering the university, with experiences occurred in the family, at school and at the participating in the entities of the Black Movement. In the university life, the educational processes that contribute to the construction and strengthening of the black identity and the ethnic-racial belonging are, in the present study, notedly, the political choice of self-declare black, that allow than to sign up at the university admission processes by means of reserved places; the existence of an affirmative action program that recognize their inequality conditions; the possibility of attend classes about the education of the ethnic-racial relationships and the participation in research groups about the thematic of the education of the ethnic-racial relationships; the living together with black students, veterans or not. The data also showed that the educational processes, in the university life, which damage the construction and the strengthening of the black identity and the ethnicracial belonging are related to curriculum centered on Europe and the relation with teachers and other students, which keeps placements and discriminatory attitudes. Thus, the results point to the need of changes in the curriculum and the permanent dissemination of the purposes and strategies of an affirmative action program with teachers and administrative staff.
Avaliação da sustentabilidade de um sistema de produção de cana-de-açúcar orgânica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-27)
Ariedi Junior, Vagner Roberto
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Ferraz, José Maria Gusman
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3851804858390996
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7135459454847589
This work aimed to bring a summary of all the actions and practices of organic farming and differential ecological management in a production system of sugarcane. Extensive literature review, consultation with specialized technical and scientific collections, observations and field inspection, were used. Available information were analyzed, such as documents, diagnoses, reports, primary and secondary data. The results of the actions and practices implemented were positive and beneficial in the environmental, economic and social spheres, unlike those practiced in conventional systems. The evaluated system showed up important and effective in the recovery, conservation and biodiversity maintenance, beyond showed up as minimization instrument of social impacts associated with the sector. The system showed a higher level of sustainability when compared to conventional.
O efeito da desintegrina DisBa-01 e do silenciamento da integrina avB3 e na interação de células tumorais e endoteliais in vitro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-27)
Durante, Araceli Cristina
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Araújo, Heloísa Sobreiro Selistre de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4065824911933203
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5291139246541147
Metastasis depends on several physiological processes such as cell adhesion, transendothelial cell migration and proliferation. These events are mediated mostly by integrins, which are adhesion receptors present on cell surface and responsible for cellextracellular matrix (ECM) binding. Disintegrins are small proteins from snake venoms, known to inhibit integrin action and therefore metastatic events such as transendothelial cell migration. DisBa-01 is a recombinant RGD disintegrin from Rhinoceraphis alternatus venom gland, with high affinity to the v3 integrin and anti-metastatic activity in vivo. Thereby, the aim of this work was to investigate the effect of v3 integrin in cell transendothelial migration and cell adhesion under flow of MDA-MB- 231 tumor cell line using DisBa-01 as v3 integrin antagonist. The 3 subunit was knockdown by 1uL siRNA/ITGB3 and lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen) was used as transfection agent. Additionally cell adhesion under flow, transendothelial migration and time lapse assays were performed using MDA-MB-231 cell line (silenced or not) incubated with 10, 100, 500 and 1000nM of DisBa-01. The 3 integrin knockdown and treatments with DisBa-01 at 500 and 1000nM significantly inhibited cell adhesion as well as the transendothelial migration. The interaction between DisBa-01 and tumor cells was visualized only with 1000nM of disintegrin and not silenced cells. Therefore, it is important using DisBa-01 in different cell lines and in vivo to elucidate more aspects of its effects as anti-metastatic drug.
Influência do contexto ambiental no desempenho motor e cognitivo de crianças frequentadoras de creches
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-27)
Santos, Mariana Martins dos
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Rocha, Nelci Adriana Cicuto Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8359338135003610
The first years of life are a period of constant changes in child development. The identification of risk factors that may affect the course of development is very important to avoid damage throughout the process. Among the environmental risk factors, stand out low socioeconomic status and low education level, beyond the quality of stimulation that is given to child. The child care centers is an important source of stimulus for child population. Faced with the studies reporting low quality of Brazilian's schools, this thesis aimed to investigate the influence of the school environment in motor and cognitive performance of children 0-3 years old. Looking for evidences about the influence of environmental context on motor and cognitive development of preschoolers, the Studi 1 was done by the literature review. This study allowed the identification that the quality of child care is related with the cognitive development of children in the child care centers. However a gap was identified regarding the influence of the school context in motor development. In view of this was done the Study 2, which compared the performance of motor and cognitive development of children day care centers in the same socioeconomic status. In this study it was found that the cognitive, fine motor and gross motor of children in public schools are inferior to private school children. Considering these results, the Study 3 was conducted to assess the environmental aspects of public and private kindergartens that lead to the differences found. This study confirms the importance of family characteristics such as socioeconomic status, maternal education and paternal education for child development. The quality of the school environment is related to cognitive and fine motor performance. Overall, the studies underscore the importance of quality in stimulating child development and the need for monitoring and stimulation of children attending day care centers.
Comportamento do consumidor de alimentos: uma análise do consumo de carnes em São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-27)
Raimundo, Lívia Maria Borges
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Batalha, Mario Otávio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015001063418091
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3771063312428520
The meat production chain is a major agro-industrial chains in Brazil and also in the world. Its survival is fundamentally based on its ability to generate and sustain competitive advantage, resulting in value to the final consumer. The per capita consumption of meat (beef, pork and chicken) is growing up in Brazil, and data show that in last twenty years there has been growth of 81%, achieving 80 kilos per capita in 2007. The studies that seek to understand consumer behavior can be translated into strategies and tactics that increase the competitiveness of the entire production chain, since through the purchase the customer transmits information about quality attributes he desires and its acceptability. This study investigated the behavior of the ultimate consumer of beef, pork and chicken in the city of São Paulo, in order to obtain information that support marketing strategies for companies in the sector. From a review of literature about food consumption behavior, focused on meat consumption, the lifting of national research on the topic, as well as a characterization of the productive chains of the three meats in question, were listed the main variables affecting the consumption of meat products. With this basis, a survey was conducted with 400 individuals in São Paulo, during the months of September, October and November 2012. The sample, stratified and probabilistic, was treated with univariate and multivariate analysis (factor and cluster), which allowed the grouping of similar variables and the investigation of dependence between them. It was observed that the bovine meat is preferred by the consumers, followed by the chicken and pork. For beef and pork, there was no relationship between frequency of consumption and income, which confirms the growing influence of nonprice factors on consumption at the expense of economic variables. The chicken meat was the best rated in the category impact on health, and its nutritional composition is best known by consumers. The principal place of purchase of the three meats consists at the supermarket, followed by the butcher. Five clusters of consumers were characterized with different consumption profiles, the economic, the conventional, the demanding, the moderate and the enlightened, performing at different frequencies for each meat in question. The study contributed as an overview of consumer behavior meat in São Paulo, where can be characterized different consumption profiles for each meat in question. Knowing these profiles becomes important once the consumer is the maintainer agent and the driver of financial trends of the entire production chain.
Professoras de crianças de 0 a 3 anos: dialogando sobre seus percursos formativos e os desafios enfrentados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Bragatto, Ana Cristina
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Mello, Roseli Rodrigues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6457268618803833
The thesis presented here aims to identify which are the learning processes on teacher formation and how them take place, for kindergarten teachers that work specifically with children 0 to 3 years old, at different educational institutions. Through the analysis of the responses given to a structured interview, developed by the researcher, besides communicative reporting and discussion groups guided by the principles of Dialogic Learning, some aspects of the pedagogical practice of six volunteer kindergarten teachers from different educational institutions (one local public, one private and one connected to a public university) have been analyzed; the moments offered by educational institutions that provide training in service for these teachers have been identified; and the obstacles/challenges faced by these teachers on their daily work at the different institutions were identified and analyzed. The techniques for information gathering and the procedures to analyze them respected the postulates of the Critical Communicative Methodology (CCM), developed by the Special Center of Theories and Practices of Overcoming Inequalities (CREA), University of Barcelona, and which is present in researches since the 1990s in Europe. In Brazil it is utilized by the Nucleus of Investigation and Social and Educational Action (NIASE) from Federal University of Sao Carlos (UFSCar) since 2002. This methodology aims to provide a dialogue between the researcher s scientific knowledge and the volunteer teachers practical knowledge. The analyses were guided by the interpretation and description of information between researchers and volunteer teachers, considering the selected social and educational theories, the hypothesis, and the objectives of the research. The conclusions and perspectives found support the hypothesis that indicated failures on initial formation of teachers working with 0 to 3 years old children. These failures are overcome after their professional insertion on the educational institution, and we denominated them as learning processes at the institution . The sources of these learning processes are: the teacher initial reception at the institution; the relationships with their peers, with children and with children s families; the infrastructure offered by the institution, the teacher s work support staff at the institutions; the moments of study and training on the institution and others provided by the institution, and finally, the institutional pedagogic proposal. Beyond the knowledge fonts, it was possible to identify positive practices adopted in a specific institution which allowed suggesting changes to provide maximum learning for children, teachers and families.
Estratégias de enfrentamento de mulheres vítimas de violência doméstica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Lincoln, Leila Estevão da Silva Cacciacarro
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Brino, Rachel de Faria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0235133592567485
The aim of this work is domestic violence and coping strategies used by women victims of this violence. Violence against women can be characterized by the interaction of husband / partner to intimidate, threaten, make use of physical force as well as doing something against the property of the woman. The main forms of violence against women are: physical violence, sexual violence, psychological violence and destruction of property. Coping can be understood as a set of cognitive and behavioral efforts with regard to dealing with internal or external demands that arise in stress situations. The research aimed to identify and describe the coping strategies of women who have suffered or are suffering domestic violence and as specific objectives to categorize coping strategies of women victims of domestic violence, characterize the history of violence suffered by women and finally characterize the severity of violence against the women. This was a qualitative research, exploratory kind. The choice, assembly and appropriateness of the instrument was made, being: semi-structured interview, applied individually to women victims of domestic violence. Before the data collection, there was a testing tool to estimate the time of application and suitability. After approval of the ethics committee, and the proper clarifications of the research, attended to the interview 4 women victims of domestic violence. As a result, it may be highlight that all women participants suffered psychological and physical violence, whereas two women also reported having suffered sexual violence. Regarding the severity of the violence suffered, women present level 5, 4, 3 and 2 respectively. Women had the following categories of coping strategies: removal, self-control, social support, escape-avoidance, problem solving, positive reappraisal, leisure and finally, plans for the future. Domestic violence, like any other type of violence, characterized as a violation of human rights and fundamental freedoms, which limits women the recognition, enjoyment or exercise of any right as well as the exercise of freedom. It is considered necessary the creation of public policies that will help minimize the victimization of women who suffer domestic violence, and to develop coping strategies. That this work will contribute to the construction of preventive practices that provide coping strategies such as confrontation, distancing, self-control, social support, escape-avoidance, problem solving, positive reappraisal, leisure and plans for the future. After all, it was verified that these strategies could break with some cases of severe violence.
A Libras no ensino de leis de Newton em uma turma inclusiva de ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Cozendey, Sabrina Gomes
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Costa, Maria da Piedade Resende da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8994976426906652
In the process called inclusion the regular schools gradually receive students with special needs, among these students there are someone who have a hearing limitation, those students can be identified as students with hearing disability or deaf. The educational process of students with deafness is characterized by uniqueness. As a consequence of this uniqueness, they require a different proposal work by offering a bilingual education, presume that the combined use of Portuguese written and Brazilian Sign Language (Libras). This work presents a discussion about the construction of a bilingual resource, the didactic bilingual, video that can be used in inclusive classrooms with students who have hearing disability. The object of the research study, the bilingual video, was also developed during the research. Are constructed six videos that emphasized some concepts of physics related to Newton's laws: speed, acceleration, resultant force, Newton's first law, Newton's second law and Newton's third law. The resource developed used the Brazilian sign language, the Portuguese language written and spoken, and dynamic images that represent everyday situations in which the concepts discussed can be observed. The resource analysis developed in the context of Physics inclusive education occurred aimed at evaluate the resource, checking if it was in fact a potential tool in inclusion promoting, and if the recourse favored the learning of physics concepts discussed. Participated in this research eighteen students the high school of public school localized in state of São Paulo. The videos were used at two different times (test 1 and test 2) in Physics inclusive class. To analyze the effectiveness of the resource developed were used questionnaires before and after the screening of videos and the proposed discussion. The results indicate that the recourse developed can be considered inclusive, because students with and without hearing disability could follow the lesson and learn the concepts discussed at the same time. The results also indicate that although many variables are present in an inclusive context, the use of a bilingual resource can make the class more inclusive.
Demografia e diversidade genética de onça-parda (Puma concolor) e jaguatirica (Leopardus pardalis) da Estação Ecológica de Caetetus SP e sua importância para a conservação desses felinos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Saranholi, Bruno Henrique
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Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7501155211183288
The loss and fragmentation of habitat due to intensive human intervention are the main threats to natural populations. Species with low density and large home range, like felids, are the most threatened species by these changes. In an attempt to minimize this impact, detection of population density and genetic characterization are necessary to propose conservation measures. Thus, the main objective of this study was to characterize the populations of two species of felines, cougars (Puma concolor) and ocelots (Leopardus pardalis) of Caetetus Ecological Station (EEC - SP, one of the last remnants of Atlantic Forest within the state of São Paulo), about their demographic and genetic characteristics from non-invasive samples (feces and hairs).We collected the samples on EEC tracks and identified the species, individualized each sample, sexed each individual and calculated the genetic diversity of the population using molecular markers. Abundance was estimated from the capture-recapture historic, with opened and closed population models. We identified 17 samples of feces cougar and 12 of ocelot. Of these samples, six individuals were individualized as cougar and five as ocelot, these numbers represent the minimum population sizes for the entire sample period (18 months). The values of abundance and density estimated using the model of closed population was more similar to that found in genetic individualization, five individuals for each species and densities of 4.92/100 km2 (P. concolor) and 19.51/100 km2 (L. pardalis). The genetic diversity of the two species was lower than that from other studies, probably due the landscape´s fragmentation, which reduces the gene flow with others populations. Also, the genetic diversity for L. pardalis was lower than P. concolor, which is possibly related to the ocelot behavior of avoid opened and disturbed areas, which can reduce the potential for gene flow. Furthermore, we also observed structure of P. concolor from EEC with populations from other locations, but we also identified gene flow, including relatedness. Thus, the results of genetic diversity and demographics demonstrate the importance of the Ecological Station Caetetus for these species and also underscores the importance of establishing measures to enable the viability of its populations over long term, as facilitating gene flow with individuals from others locations.
Avaliação da expansão de células estromais mesenquimais em biorreator de fibra oca
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Santos, Diogo Peres dos
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Suazo, Cláudio Alberto Torres
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2351864642712999
The use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for clinical therapy has been limited by the low amount of cells that can be obtained directly from tissue, making it necessary to develop techniques for in vitro cell number expansion. The current methods of expansion are laborintensive, exhibit unfavorable environments for cell growth, show still modest levels of expansion and low yield in the recovery of these cells. In the search for better alternatives, several types of bioreactors have been assessed, however, with results still discreet. A littlestudied system, which has showed itself very effective in the use with other types of animal cells, is the hollow fiber bioreactor. This bioreactor has relatively homogeneous culture environment, low level of hydrodynamic stress on cells and the process control is made through manipulation external to the culture. Thus, it is proposed in this work the study of the in vitro expansion of MSCs in 15 mL hollow fiber prototype bioreactor designed and built with a configuration specifically conceived for expansion of MSCs for use in therapeutic applications. The inoculum was prepared with MSCs precultured adhered to microcarrier Cultispher-S at concentration of 4 g/L in spinner flask containing 50 mL of α-MEM culture medium with 15% v/v fetal bovine serum. The preculture was performed in CO2 incubator at pH close to 7.3 and temperature of 37°C. For bioreactor expansion cultures, it was used the same culture medium, with addition of 12 g/L of alginate and 4.25-4.50 mM of CaCl2 as gelling agents to immobilize and keep in suspension the microcarriers, in the conditions of pH and temperature used in the preculture. The oxygenation of the culture medium continuously recirculated through the intracapilar space was carried out by air bubbling in an external flask. The oxygenation levels were of 70 to 90% of saturation with air. The experimental results obtained show that the used configuration of hollow fiber bioreactor promoted good conditions for expansion of MSCs without cell aggregation, reaching 15.3-fold expansion and cell recovery levels of 82%. These results also demonstrate the possibility of improving the efficiency of MSCs expansion through the renewal of medium to maintain suitable levels of arginine, nutrient present in limiting amounts, and ammonium, growth inhibitor metabolite.
Contribuições de um projeto de formação on-line para o desenvolvimento profissional de professoras do 1º ano do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Rodrigues, Marilce da Costa Campos
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Reali, Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4101730928383928
In this investigation, the aim is to analyse the contributions and limits of a continuous online training project for the professional development of teachers of the 1st year of basic education. The research question is: What are the limits and contributions of an online teacher-training course in the professional development of teachers? This development is related to the learning and teaching processes and of being a professional teacher, and acts as a knowledge basis for teaching. The methodological reference adopted is supported by a constructive-collaborative interaction model between teachers and researchers and focusses on the construction of investigation strategies and the promotion of professional development processes for teachers. The training strategies used were carried out in distance mode through the digital learning environment of the Teachers portal of the UFSCar. The course, with a total of 120 hours and focussing on teaching the initial years of primary education, was developed in the period between Sept. 2010 and May 2011. It was based on the understanding that professional teacher development takes place throughout their careers and continuous teacher training can contribute to this process. Its contributions and limitations are being investigated through the eyes of the teachers, that is, we take into account what they told us in the different data collection instruments and at different points of the training process. Our interpretations are based on the learning, the difficulties and the teacher knowledge required to teach the 1st year of primary education. The narratives constructed during the interventions by three experienced teachers represent the data interpreted in the study. Other instruments used in this process are: reflective memorials, training reports, teaching cases, reflective journals, a forum, individual summaries on a reference framework on the student knowledge base, and an initial questionnaire. As a result of the investigation, it was found that there was a contribution to professional teacher development in the following aspects: the training content contextualized to the teaching work carried out in the initial years; the feedback on what the participating group`s investigation found; sharing experiences on literacy with teachers from different Brazilian states; the possibility of reviewing the inherent role when teaching the 1st year of basic education; the discussion of the knowledge that composes the teaching basis; the specifics of the teaching content; the overall pedagogy and the pedagogical content. The limits are related to the difficulties in obtaining effective participation from all the teachers and the challenges presented by the dynamic and flexible digital learning environments used to create a collaborative network.
Avaliação da dor em repouso e durante atividades no pósoperatório de cirurgia cardíaca
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Mello, Larissa Coelho de
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Hortense, Priscilla
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7153278628783234
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8921281309407916
Some activities need to be stimulated in post-cardiac surgery, such as, mobilization, coughing, deep breathing exercises to avoid complications; however, these activities may be hinder by pain. An assessment of the pain at rest and during activities is needed in order to better deal with this occurrences. The main aim of this study was to assess the perception of pain after cardiac surgery via sternotomy during rest and in five selected activities (coughing, turning aside, deep breathing, sitting or standing up from a chair, and walking); the specific objectives were to identify the location and intensity of pain during rest and activities in postoperative cardiac surgery patients in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 6th days; to link the pain intensity with the activities and at rest, considering the postoperative days; to link the pain intensity with variables clinical-surgical; to characterize the pain through pain descriptors. A descriptive study of prospective cohort was carried out. A tool to collect socio-demographic and surgicalclinical data, a Multidimensional Scale for Pain Assessment (EMADOR) that consists of a numeric scale for pain intensity assessment, a body diagram to assess the pain location and an escalation of acute pain descriptors, were utilised. A total of 48 patients who undergone a cardiac surgery via sternotomy participated. All patients complained of pain during one of the activities in at least one of the postoperative days. The pain intensity at rest in the postoperative cardiac surgery was assessed to lessen with day in the following postoperative days. However, during the activities the pain level decreased from the 3rd, excepting for the coughing activity which decreased only in the 6th. The decreasing order of strength, when assessed the pain levels of all days, was: coughing, turning aside, deeply breathing and resting. The sternal region was the most frequently cited location of pain, followed by the epigastric region. The variables gender, age, type and duration of surgery showed weak correlation with the pain level. The keywords that best characterised the pain after cardiac surgery via sternotomy were: strong, intense, terrifying, deep and very severe. The high levels of pain may be contributing to a longer recovery period. The patients considered painful the multidimensionality of the phenomenon when using descriptors to characterize the perceived pain. The study allowed a better understanding of the aspects related to pain in the postoperative cardiac surgery.
Competitividade do complexo agroindustrial do leite de búfala no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Rosales, Fabricio Pini
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Batalha, Mario Otávio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015001063418091
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8493025223708825
This study aimed to analyze the drivers of competitiveness in the chain of water buffalo milk in the State of Sao Paulo. It also aimed to recognize the key players, distinguish and analyze the dynamics of the operation and characterize the strengths and weaknesses of the chain under study. Driven by strong demand for industrial products from water buffalo milk, water buffalo breeding the Brazilian has experienced significant growth. In Sao Paulo this situation is no different. The production of buffalo milk in São Paulo, despite representing 26.64% of the national total, cannot meet the market demand and most dairy work with idle production capacity. Given this situation, it becomes relevant to a search that will contribute to increasing the competitiveness of the chain of buffalo milk in the State of Sao Paulo. The methodology uses drivers of competitiveness and assigns ratings ranging from very unfavorable to very favorable for a number of sub-factors for assessing each director. After extensive literature review, we selected the following drivers: chain coordination, market structure, institutional environment, firm's management, quality and food safety, technology and innovation inputs and infrastructure. These drivers were evaluated through semi-structured questionnaires applied to the key players involved in the production, processing and sale of water buffalo milk (water buffalo milk producers, dairy and distributors). It was concluded that the chain of water buffalo milk in the State of Sao Paulo is formed mainly by small and medium producers with low level of technology and management. In this segment the drivers quality and safety of food, supplies and infrastructure were receiving better assessment and market structure. Quality and safety of food, supplies and infrastructure coordination and chain were the drivers with better evaluation for the processing segment. There are several points of sales, however because it is a niche product market, can say the products are distributed primarily through grocery stores, restaurants, pizzerias and supermarkets. Shop, informal market and consumer direct sales occur on a smaller scale. For the distribution segment to better assess the drivers were institutional environment, quality and safety of food and management of the firm.
Relações entre automonitoria, problemas de comportamento e habilidades sociais na infância
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Robalinho, Ivana Gisel Casali
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Del Prette, Zilda Aparecida Pereira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8113238388739093
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7861631051569929
The literature recognizes the importance of social relationships for the healthy development of children. A good social skills repertoire is crucial for this because it allows one to competently deal with the interpersonal demands. Socially competent children have better prospects for the future, while, in the other hand, deficits on the social skills repertoire are associated with behavior problems and other risk factors for development. Social competence depends on a class of skill that is the basis of all others: self-monitoring. This research, which involved two studies, focused on the relationship between social skills, behavior problems and specific indicators of behaviors which are components of the self-monitoring process as well as the relationships between these variables and socio-demographic variables. In Study there were 220 children, of both genders, who attended the 3rd to the 6th grades of elementary education in public or private schools, as well as their parents / guardians who participated as informants. We used the Brazilian version of the Social Skills Rating System (SSRS-BR) and Brazil Economic Classification Criterion (CCEB). Descriptive and inferential statistics analyses pointed that: (1) the sample had scores consistent with the norm for social skills and behavior problems, and that the internalizing were more frequent, according to the parents / guardians; (2) social skills with greater loadings on predicting behavioral problems were: the Responsibility of (the self-assessed) and Composure and Civility (evaluated by informants), (3) social skills of Kindness were evaluated as the ones with greater social relevance according to parents / guardians; (4) there were significant differences for the repertoire of social skills when we take into account variables such as gender, school year and school type; the socioeconomic status, on the other hand, significantly influenced only internalizing behavior problems. In Study II there was larger sample, 30 children, divided into two groups: 15 children with higher scores on social skills and lower scores of behavior problems and 15 children with opposite repertoire. We used the Structured Situations roadmap, the Interview roadmap as well as the Protocol for the Self-Monitoring Assessment. We carried out descriptive and inferential statistical analysis and we found that: (1) children showed greater ease to Describing their own actions and more difficult to Developing possible alternatives of action, (2) in terms of the specific components of self-monitoring, the group to higher score on social skills and lower behavior problems performed better on Describing the actions of others, Developing possible alternatives of action, Predicting their own feelings, Predicting the reactions of others, Predicting the feelings of others and Reporting, where necessary, changes to the future course of action, (3) girls had significantly higher scores than the boys only for Describing the actions of those with whom they interact. The results suggest the importance of investing in planning interventions aimed at promoting self-monitoring in school-age children as a way of contributing to the socio-emotional development and prevention of behavior problems.