Resposta a contaminações de corpos hídricos: uma revisão sistemática sobre planejamento, gestão e atuação

Abstract

Like any environmental emergency, the contamination of water bodies requires a quick and effective response to mitigate or even prevent damage to the environment, and those responsible for planning and executing the response actions to contamination must have clarity in their duties and objectives. Based on the Response Protocol Toolbox, of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency - USEPA, this study aimed to carry out a systematic review of the literature on protocols and procedures for response to water contamination, using the Systematic Search Flow - SSF method. By gathering the results presented, this research contributed to a better understanding of the theme, and succeeded in presenting information and guidelines adaptable to the structuring of an Environmental Contamination Response Guide - ECRG, which will provide a methodical approach to the steps to be performed by the response teams that act in the occurrences of water contamination. By reading and analyzing twenty-eight found and selected full texts, it was possible to understand the context of the RPTB - USEPA publication, the main areas of study: safety and vulnerability of water distribution systems; contaminant detection and source identification; sampling and analytical approaches; response protocols.